Utilization of current pyrolysis technology to convert biomass and manure waste into biochar for soil remediation: A review

Tan S 1 , Zhou G 1 , Yang Q 2 , Ge S 3 , Liu J 4 , Cheng YW 5 Show all authors , Yek PNY 6 , Wan Mahari WA 7 , Kong SH 8 , Chang JS 9 , Sonne C 10 , Chong WWF 11 , Lam SS 12

Affiliations 

  • 1 Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; College of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
  • 2 Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
  • 3 Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
  • 4 Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China. Electronic address: [email protected]
  • 5 Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Computing, Manipal International University, 71800 Putra Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia; NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Create Tower, #15-02, 138602 Singapore, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 138602 Singapore, Singapore
  • 6 Centre for Research of Innovation and Sustainable Development, University of Technology Sarawak, 96000 Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia
  • 7 Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
  • 8 Centre on Technological Readiness and Innovation in Business Technopreneurship (CONTRIBUTE), University of Technology Sarawak, 96000 Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia
  • 9 Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Center for Nanotechnology, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
  • 10 Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
  • 11 Automotive Development Centre (ADC), Institute for Vehicle Systems and Engineering (IVeSE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
  • 12 Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Automotive Development Centre (ADC), Institute for Vehicle Systems and Engineering (IVeSE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia; University Centre for Research and Development, Department of Chemistry Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India. Electronic address: [email protected]
Sci Total Environ, 2023 Mar 15;864:160990.
PMID: 36539095 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160990

Abstract

Traditional disposal of animal manures and lignocellulosic biomass is restricted by its inefficiency and sluggishness. To advance the carbon management and greenhouse gas mitigation, this review scrutinizes the effect of pyrolysis in promoting the sustainable biomass and manure disposal as well as stimulating the biochar industry development. This review has examined the advancement of pyrolysis of animal manure (AM) and lignocellulosic biomass (LB) in terms of efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and operability. In particular, the applicability of pyrolysis biochar in enhancing the crops yields via soil remediation is highlighted. Through pyrolysis, the heavy metals of animal manures are fixated in the biochar, thereby both soil contamination via leaching and heavy metal uptake by crops are minimized. Pyrolysis biochar is potentially use in soil remediation for agronomic and environmental co-benefits. Fast pyrolysis assures high bio-oil yield and revenue with better return on investment whereas slow pyrolysis has low revenue despite its minimum investment cost because of relatively low selling price of biochar. For future commercialization, both continuous reactors and catalysis can be integrated to pyrolysis to ameliorate the efficiency and economic value of pyrolysis biochar.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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