MyMedR

Fulltext Text Messages for Depression, Anxiety and Alcohol Abuse Therapy-Are Construction Guidelines Needed?

Rahman TFA, Nayan NM

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022 Nov 25;19(23).

PMID: 36497775 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315701

Despite the effectiveness of text messaging therapy in improving mental health conditions, limited attention has been paid to how the text messages are constructed. Thus, this study questions whether there is a need to develop a model of text message construction for mental health therapy. In this backdrop, this study reviews how a text message for mental health therapy is constructed, specifically focused on the process and guidelines. This study also aims to identify the research gap regarding the guideline of text message construction for mental health therapy and to identify mental health professionals' practices in text messaging therapy. In addition, the opinions of mental health professionals on the need to develop a text message construction guideline were also gathered. The findings from the literature review confirmed that there are still limited guidelines explaining the process of constructing text messages for mental health therapy. Meanwhile, results from the online survey found that mental health professionals expressed a high need to explore and develop a model of text message construction for mental health therapy. With this research gap addressed, this study proposes further research into the development of a text message construction model for mental health therapy.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism*

Alcoholism in Southeast Asia. Prevalence and treatment

McGovern MP

Int J Soc Psychiatry, 1982;28(1):36-44.

PMID: 6980858

A pilot, field investigation of the prevalence and treatment of alcoholism in Southeast Asia (Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, Burma, and Thailand) and conducted. The methodology combined an informant study, interviewing leading alcohol and drug abuse authorities; utilising existing data; and clinical and naturalistic observation. The effects of modernisation, multiracial culture, and the unilateral focus on opiates are discussed; recommendations on treatment, education, and research are presented.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology*; Alcoholism/rehabilitation

Profile of alcoholism in a multiracial society

Buhrich N, Haq SM, George S

Int J Addict, 1981 Aug;16(6):1111-5.

PMID: 7341504

Demographic characteristics of all patients with a diagnosis of alcoholism or alcoholic psychoses admitted between 1975 and 1978 to the Psychiatry Department, General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, were examined. The diagnosis of alcoholism or alcoholic psychoses accounted for 2% of the total psychiatric admissions. Males greatly predominated over females and Indians greatly predominated over Malays and Chinese. Reasons for these differences are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology*; Alcoholism/psychology*

Alcoholic psychoses and alcoholism in a Malaysian population

Dass D

Br J Addict, 1981;76(2):191-4.

PMID: 6944086

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology*

mTORC and PKCε in Regulation of Alcohol Use Disorder

Hanim A, Mohamed IN, Mohamed RMP, Das S, Nor NSM, Harun RA, et al.

Mini Rev Med Chem, 2020;20(17):1696-1708.

PMID: 32579497 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200624122325

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is characterized by compulsive binge alcohol intake, leading to various health and social harms. Protein Kinase C epsilon (PKCε), a specific family of PKC isoenzyme, regulates binge alcohol intake, and potentiates alcohol-related cues. Alcohol via upstream kinases like the mammalian target to rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) or 2 (mTORC2), may affect the activities of PKCε or vice versa in AUD. mTORC2 phosphorylates PKCε at hydrophobic and turn motif, and was recently reported to be associated with alcohol-seeking behavior, suggesting the potential role of mTORC2-PKCε interactions in the pathophysiology of AUD. mTORC1 regulates translation of synaptic proteins involved in alcohol-induced plasticity. Hence, in this article, we aimed to review the molecular composition of mTORC1 and mTORC2, drugs targeting PKCε, mTORC1, and mTORC2 in AUD, upstream regulation of mTORC1 and mTORC2 in AUD and downstream cellular mechanisms of mTORCs in the pathogenesis of AUD.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/genetics*

Reduced Serum Levels of Cluster of Differentiation 200 in Alcohol-Dependent Patients

Chaturvedi A, Rao G, Praharaj SK, Guruprasad KP, Pais V

Alcohol Alcohol, 2020 Jun 25;55(4):391-394.

PMID: 32363396 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agaa033

AIM: Chronic alcohol consumption can activate and dysregulate the neuroimmune system which leads to neuroinflammation. Neuroimmune regulatory proteins (NIReg) (e.g. Cluster of Differentiation 200 (CD200)) are the regulators of innate immune response and are responsible for silencing the innate immunity and suppression of inflammation. In this study, we explored the changes of serum levels of CD200 in patients with alcohol dependence at baseline, after one-week alcohol withdrawal and after one-month of alcohol abstinence.

METHODS: Seventeen patients with alcohol dependence admitted for de-addiction treatment and 12 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Blood samples were collected at baseline, after one-week, and after one-month, and CD200 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit and compared with the healthy controls.

RESULTS: The serum level of the neuroimmune regulatory protein CD200 in alcohol dependent group (at baseline) was significantly lower compared to healthy controls (p=0.003), and increased after one-week, and one-month period.

CONCLUSION: The present study indicates that decrease of CD200 serum levels in alcohol dependent patients and its rise during alcohol withdrawal and abstinence may provide a preliminary evidence of the role of neuroimmune regulatory proteins in neuroadaptation during alcohol withdrawal.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/blood*

Is teacher violence a form of betrayal trauma? Relationship with mental health problems among young adults

Fung HW, Cong CW, Tan CS, Yuan GF, Liu C, He KL, et al.

Child Abuse Negl, 2023 Nov;145:106436.

PMID: 37690435 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106436

BACKGROUND: Childhood trauma is one of the most preventable risk factors for mental health problems. Considering the substantial amount of time that young people spend in school during their early years, it is important to understand the potential impacts of teachers' behaviors on students' mental health.

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the relationship between exposure to teacher violence and mental health problems.

PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: An international sample of young adults aged 18 to 24 (N = 283).

METHODS: Participants completed self-report measures of childhood trauma, exposure to teacher violence, depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress, and alcohol misuse.

RESULTS: Exposure to teacher violence could be reliably and validly measured using the Teacher Violence Scale (TVS). Current mental health problems - including depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress, and alcohol misuse - were associated with exposure to teacher violence during high school years, but not with childhood non-betrayal trauma.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings expand the application of the betrayal trauma theory to school settings and point to the importance of preventing and managing teacher violence. It is important to provide more support and training to teachers and enhance monitoring measures in schools. More research on the prevalence and correlates of exposure to teacher violence is needed. We also provided first evidence supporting the reliability and validity of the English version of the TVS to facilitate future research.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism*

Spontaneous Bilateral Basal Ganglia Haemorrhage Secondary to Methanol Poisoning

Sohor NJ, Loh WC, Pang RY, Khan AH, Chia PK, Sulaiman WAW, et al.

Neurol India, 2023;71(6):1260-1262.

PMID: 38174472 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.391392

Methanol toxicity remains as major problem in the medical field.[1],[2],[3] With its active metabolite, formic acid often leads to severe metabolic acidosis and to some extend brain damaged.[4],[5],[6] We are reporting a case of brain hemorrhage at the right external capsule and left basal ganglia with mass effect and obstructive hydrocephalus in a methanol poisoning patient. A confused 29-year-old gentleman was brought into hospital. Initial investigation showed severe metabolic acidosis with raised anion gap. Initial brain CT scan was normal. Subsequently, serum methanol was reported to be high (112 mg/dL). Intravenous (IV) ethanol 10% was given without any delayed. As there was no improvement in his consciousness level, a repeat brain CT was performed and it showed multiple cerebral hemorrhage with obstructive hydrocephalus. Hence, clinicians should have high index of suspicion for cerebral hemorrhage in a patient with methanol toxicity, who presented with altered mental status and severe metabolic acidosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism*

Fulltext Pattern of alcoholism in the General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur

Saroja KI, Kyaw O

Med J Malaysia, 1993 Jun;48(2):129-34.

PMID: 8350787

This study establishes the prevalence rate for alcoholism among the inpatients of the General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, as 11%, but as 25% among the drinking population. It also describes the demographic profile of the alcoholic as compared to the non-alcoholic drinker and the non-drinker and suggests that certain vulnerability factors could contribute to the development of alcoholism. A trend noted is also the changing racial trends in the use of alcohol.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/complications; Alcoholism/ethnology; Alcoholism/epidemiology*

Alcoholism in Kuala Lumpur General Hospital

Indran SK

Br J Psychiatry, 1994 Jul;165(1):122.

PMID: 7953020

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/ethnology; Alcoholism/epidemiology*; Alcoholism/rehabilitation

Chronic pancreatitis: aetiology, epidemiology and clinical presentation

Goh KL

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Jul;60 Suppl B:94-8.

PMID: 16108185

Chronic pancreatitis is a difficult disease to treat. Worldwide, alcohol is the most common aetiology but based on recent studies it is clear that genetic susceptibility plays an important role in determining disease. Several important genetic mutations have been identified. The prevalence of chronic pancreatitis appears to be lower in Asia although very high rates have been reported in parts of India. Severe intractable pain is the predominant presenting complaint of patients. The natural history of the disease and the onset of exocrine and endocrine insufficiency depend on the classification of disease as early onset, late-onset or alcohol associated. Complications of chronic pancreatitis are important and include pseudocyst formation, bile duct and duodenal strictures.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/complications

Fulltext The expression of retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein in oral cancers and precancers: A clinicopathological study

Thomas S, Balan A, Balaram P

Dent Res J (Isfahan), 2015 Jul-Aug;12(4):307-14.

PMID: 26288619 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.161427

The role of retinoblastoma (Rb) protein in cell cycle regulation prompted us to take up this study with the aim of assessing its role in the progression of oral cancer and to correlate with various clinicopathological parameters, including habits such as smoking, Paan chewing, and alcoholism.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism

Fulltext Substance abuse and the doctor

Deva MP

Med J Malaysia, 1993 Jun;48(2):99-100.

PMID: 8350811

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism

Quantity frequency (consumption index) versus "CAGE" in the detection of alcoholism

Indran SK

Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 1992 Sep;26(3):493-501.

PMID: 1417638

The aim of this study was to compare and validate two simple methods of detecting excessive alcohol drinkers in a Malaysian hospital population. All 621 patients in the Medical, Surgical and Orthopaedic units of the General Hospital Kuala Lumpur were screened with the "CAGE" Questionnaire (a four question screening test to discriminate excessive drinkers) and two questions on the frequency and quantity of drinking called the Consumption Index. All CAGE scores had poor agreement (K = 0.37 to K = 0.1) with a psychiatric diagnosis of alcohol abuse and dependence using DSM III diagnosis. Reasons why the Consumption Index is a better screening instrument than the CAGE are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/diagnosis; Alcoholism/epidemiology*; Alcoholism/psychology

Fulltext Dupuytren's Contracture with Secondary Ulnar Neuropathy

Ng CF

J Neurosci Rural Pract, 2020 Jul;11(3):481-483.

PMID: 32753817 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1708459

Dupuytren's disease is a progressive fibrotic condition of the hand. The underlying pathomechanism is not fully known. Dupuytren's contracture can be seen in patients with diabetes mellitus, chronic alcoholism, smoking, or hand trauma. It is uncommon to affect the neurovascular supply causing clinical symptoms. We describe a patient with idiopathic Dupuytren's disease complicated with bilateral ulnar neuropathies and highlight the importance of such rare treatable complication.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism

Metabolic phenotyping of urine for discriminating alcohol-dependent from social drinkers and alcohol-naive subjects

Mostafa H, Amin AM, Teh CH, Murugaiyah V, Arif NH, Ibrahim B

Drug Alcohol Depend, 2016 12 01;169:80-84.

PMID: 27788404 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.016

BACKGROUND: Alcohol-dependence (AD) is a ravaging public health and social problem. AD diagnosis depends on questionnaires and some biomarkers, which lack specificity and sensitivity, however, often leading to less precise diagnosis, as well as delaying treatment. This represents a great burden, not only on AD individuals but also on their families. Metabolomics using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) can provide novel techniques for the identification of novel biomarkers of AD. These putative biomarkers can facilitate early diagnosis of AD.

OBJECTIVES: To identify novel biomarkers able to discriminate between alcohol-dependent, non-AD alcohol drinkers and controls using metabolomics.

METHOD: Urine samples were collected from 30 alcohol-dependent persons who did not yet start AD treatment, 54 social drinkers and 60 controls, who were then analysed using NMR. Data analysis was done using multivariate analysis including principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least square-discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA), followed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression to develop the discriminatory model. The reproducibility was done using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

RESULTS: The OPLS-DA revealed significant discrimination between AD and other groups with sensitivity 86.21%, specificity 97.25% and accuracy 94.93%. Six biomarkers were significantly associated with AD in the multivariate logistic regression model. These biomarkers were cis-aconitic acid, citric acid, alanine, lactic acid, 1,2-propanediol and 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid. The reproducibility of all biomarkers was excellent (0.81-1.0).

CONCLUSION: This study revealed that metabolomics analysis of urine using NMR identified AD novel biomarkers which can discriminate AD from social drinkers and controls with high accuracy.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/diagnosis; Alcoholism/epidemiology*; Alcoholism/urine*

Fulltext Alcohol harm in Malaysia: always the right time to discuss

Mohd Fadzli, M.I., Amer Nordin, A.S.

Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2014;23(1):101-104.

MyJurnal

Introduction: Alcohol is a major risk factor for various non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular related illnesses, liver cirrhosis and cancer. Despite the dangers of alcohol use, there is limited local research available to assist policy and advocacy. This commentary attempts to highlight what is presently available and suggestions to move forward in this field of research and services provision. Methods: A brief report of recent updates is provided for this article. Results and Conclusion: A number of recommendations are provided to assist in deliberating discussions to shape future policies which will improve current available practice and clinical service in the field of alcohol addiction.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism

A review of experimental evidences that could warn of possible dangers of alcohol consumption by pregnant mothers

Chaudhuri JD

Indian J Med Sci, 2000 Dec;54(12):545-54.

PMID: 11354820

Most of the features of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) have been replicated in experimental models. They provide an insight into the effects of alcohol on the developing embryo, however, satisfactory explanations for these effects are still not available. Certain maternal characteristics of children with FAS have been identified. However, it is not absolute as at times the most unlikely women are susceptible to problems of maternal alcoholism. The levels of awareness of FAS among the general public and health workers are inadequate. Measures need to be taken to remedy this condition.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/diagnosis*; Alcoholism/epidemiology; Alcoholism/prevention & control

Fulltext A review on EEG-based methods for screening and diagnosing alcohol use disorder

Mumtaz W, Vuong PL, Malik AS, Rashid RBA

Cogn Neurodyn, 2018 Apr;12(2):141-156.

PMID: 29564024 DOI: 10.1007/s11571-017-9465-x

The screening test for alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients has been of subjective nature and could be misleading in particular cases such as a misreporting the actual quantity of alcohol intake. Although the neuroimaging modality such as electroencephalography (EEG) has shown promising research results in achieving objectivity during the screening and diagnosis of AUD patients. However, the translation of these findings for clinical applications has been largely understudied and hence less clear. This study advocates the use of EEG as a diagnostic and screening tool for AUD patients that may help the clinicians during clinical decision making. In this context, a comprehensive review on EEG-based methods is provided including related electrophysiological techniques reported in the literature. More specifically, the EEG abnormalities associated with the conditions of AUD patients are summarized. The aim is to explore the potentials of objective techniques involving quantities/features derived from resting EEG, event-related potentials or event-related oscillations data.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism

Marchiafava-Bignami disease in a non-alcoholic Indian male

Leong AS

Pathology, 1979 Apr;11(2):241-9.

PMID: 460949

Marchiafava-Bignami disease, a rare affliction of alcoholic males, is described in a severely malnourished Malaysian Indian male who took no alcohol. It is the second report of the disease in an Asian and represents one of the few cases which have occurred in non-alcoholics. Besides the pathognomonic demyelination of the central portion of the corpus callosum, there were striking demyelinative plaques in the subcortical white matter. In addition, neuropathological features of Wernicke's disease were found suggesting that severe malnutrition with thiamine deficiency was probably the cause of his demise.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology; Alcoholism/pathology*

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