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Alcoholic psychoses and alcoholism in a Malaysian population

Dass D

Br J Addict, 1981;76(2):191-4.
PMID: 6944086
Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology*
Alcoholism in Southeast Asia. Prevalence and treatment

McGovern MP

Int J Soc Psychiatry, 1982;28(1):36-44.
PMID: 6980858

A pilot, field investigation of the prevalence and treatment of alcoholism in Southeast Asia (Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, Burma, and Thailand) and conducted. The methodology combined an informant study, interviewing leading alcohol and drug abuse authorities; utilising existing data; and clinical and naturalistic observation. The effects of modernisation, multiracial culture, and the unilateral focus on opiates are discussed; recommendations on treatment, education, and research are presented.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology*
Profile of alcoholism in a multiracial society

Buhrich N, Haq SM, George S

Int J Addict, 1981 Aug;16(6):1111-5.
PMID: 7341504

Demographic characteristics of all patients with a diagnosis of alcoholism or alcoholic psychoses admitted between 1975 and 1978 to the Psychiatry Department, General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, were examined. The diagnosis of alcoholism or alcoholic psychoses accounted for 2% of the total psychiatric admissions. Males greatly predominated over females and Indians greatly predominated over Malays and Chinese. Reasons for these differences are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology*
Fulltext Pattern of alcoholism in the General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur

Saroja KI, Kyaw O

Med J Malaysia, 1993 Jun;48(2):129-34.
PMID: 8350787

This study establishes the prevalence rate for alcoholism among the inpatients of the General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, as 11%, but as 25% among the drinking population. It also describes the demographic profile of the alcoholic as compared to the non-alcoholic drinker and the non-drinker and suggests that certain vulnerability factors could contribute to the development of alcoholism. A trend noted is also the changing racial trends in the use of alcohol.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology*
Alcoholism in Kuala Lumpur General Hospital

Indran SK

Br J Psychiatry, 1994 Jul;165(1):122.
PMID: 7953020
Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology*
The Changing Landscape of Alcohol Use and Alcohol Use Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic - Perspectives of Early Career Professionals in 16 Countries

Calvey T, Scheibein F, Saad NA, Shirasaka T, Dannatt L, Stowe MJ, et al.

J Addict Med, 2020 12;14(6):e284-e286.
PMID: 32909983 DOI: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000000735

: Alcohol use is a major risk factor for infectious disease and reduction of harms associated with alcohol consumption are essential during times of humanitarian crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. As a network of early career professionals working in the area of addiction medicine, we provide our views with regards to national actions related to reducing alcohol-related harm and providing care for people with alcohol use disorder during COVID-19. We believe that COVID-19 related measures have affected alcohol consumption in the majority of countries represented in this commentary. Examples of these changes include changes in alcohol consumption patterns, increases in cases of alcohol withdrawal syndrome, disruptions in access to medical care for alcohol use disorder and increases in illegal production of alcohol. Our members urge that treatment for acute and severe conditions due to substance use should be considered as essential services in times of humanitarian crises like COVID-19.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology*
Marchiafava-Bignami disease in a non-alcoholic Indian male

Leong AS

Pathology, 1979 Apr;11(2):241-9.
PMID: 460949

Marchiafava-Bignami disease, a rare affliction of alcoholic males, is described in a severely malnourished Malaysian Indian male who took no alcohol. It is the second report of the disease in an Asian and represents one of the few cases which have occurred in non-alcoholics. Besides the pathognomonic demyelination of the central portion of the corpus callosum, there were striking demyelinative plaques in the subcortical white matter. In addition, neuropathological features of Wernicke's disease were found suggesting that severe malnutrition with thiamine deficiency was probably the cause of his demise.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology
Prevalence and correlates of depression among adolescents in Malaysia

Kaur J, Cheong SM, Mahadir Naidu B, Kaur G, Manickam MA, Mat Noor M, et al.

Asia Pac J Public Health, 2014 Sep;26(5 Suppl):53S-62S.
PMID: 25070697 DOI: 10.1177/1010539514544356

Depression among adolescents has been recognized as a major public health issue. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and correlates of depression among school-going adolescents in Malaysia. Data from the Malaysia Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS) 2012 were analyzed with additional data from the validated DASS21 (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress) questionnaire. The study revealed that 17.7% of respondents had depressive symptoms. Multivariate analysis further showed that feeling lonely (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.99; 95% CI = 2.57-3.47), Indian ethnicity (aOR = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.63-2.44), using drugs (aOR = 1.85; 95% CI = 1.21-2.82), and being bullied (aOR = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.60-1.99) were significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Lack of parental supervision, alcohol use, and tobacco use were also significant risk factors. Addressing depressive symptoms among adolescents may have implications for managing their risks of being bullied and substance use. This study also highlights the need to further investigate depressive symptoms among adolescents of Indian ethnicity.
Study name: Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS)

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology
Fulltext Impact of tuberculosis treatment on health-related quality of life of pulmonary tuberculosis patients: a follow-up study

Atif M, Sulaiman SA, Shafie AA, Asif M, Sarfraz MK, Low HC, et al.

Health Qual Life Outcomes, 2014;12:19.
PMID: 24528499 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-12-19

At present, much of the attention within tuberculosis (TB) management is spent on microbiological cure, and its impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is either undervalued or seldom considered. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of TB treatment on HRQoL of new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients. Moreover, we also aimed to determine whether the selected socio-demographic and clinical variables were predictive of variability in the HRQoL scores over time.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology
The prevalence and correlates of alcohol use disorder amongst bipolar patients in a hospital setting, Malaysia

Yee HA, Loh HS, Ng CG

Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract, 2013 Oct;17(4):292-7.
PMID: 23170840 DOI: 10.3109/13651501.2012.752012

To determine the prevalence of alcohol-use disorder and associated correlates amongst bipolar patients in a university hospital in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology*
Quantity frequency (consumption index) versus "CAGE" in the detection of alcoholism

Indran SK

Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 1992 Sep;26(3):493-501.
PMID: 1417638

The aim of this study was to compare and validate two simple methods of detecting excessive alcohol drinkers in a Malaysian hospital population. All 621 patients in the Medical, Surgical and Orthopaedic units of the General Hospital Kuala Lumpur were screened with the "CAGE" Questionnaire (a four question screening test to discriminate excessive drinkers) and two questions on the frequency and quantity of drinking called the Consumption Index. All CAGE scores had poor agreement (K = 0.37 to K = 0.1) with a psychiatric diagnosis of alcohol abuse and dependence using DSM III diagnosis. Reasons why the Consumption Index is a better screening instrument than the CAGE are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology*
Fulltext The worldwide prevalence of the Dupuytren disease: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis

Salari N, Heydari M, Hassanabadi M, Kazeminia M, Farshchian N, Niaparast M, et al.

J Orthop Surg Res, 2020 Oct 28;15(1):495.
PMID: 33115483 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-01999-7

BACKGROUND: The Dupuytren disease is a benign fibroproliferative disorder that leads to the formation of the collagen knots and fibres in the palmar fascia. The previous studies reveal different levels of Dupuytren's prevalence worldwide; hence, this study uses meta-analysis to approximate the prevalence of Dupuytren globally.
METHODS: In this study, systematic review and meta-analysis have been conducted on the previous studies focused on the prevalence of the Dupuytren disease. The search keywords were Prevalence, Prevalent, Epidemiology, Dupuytren Contracture, Dupuytren and Incidence. Subsequently, SID, MagIran, ScienceDirect, Embase, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science databases and Google Scholar search engine were searched without a lower time limit and until June 2020. In order to analyse reliable studies, the stochastic effects model was used and the I2 index was applied to test the heterogeneity of the selected studies. Data analysis was performed within the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software version 2.0.
RESULTS: By evaluating 85 studies (10 in Asia, 56 in Europe, 2 in Africa and 17 studies in America) with a total sample size of 6628506 individuals, the prevalence of Dupuytren disease in the world is found as 8.2% (95% CI 5.7-11.7%). The highest prevalence rate is reported in Africa with 17.2% (95% CI 13-22.3%). According to the subgroup analysis, in terms of underlying diseases, the highest prevalence was obtained in patients with type 1 diabetes with 34.1% (95% CI 25-44.6%). The results of meta-regression revealed a decreasing trend in the prevalence of Dupuytren disease by increasing the sample size and the research year (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that the prevalence of Dupuytren disease is particularly higher in alcoholic patients with diabetes. Therefore, the officials of the World Health Organization should design measures for the prevention and treatment of this disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology
Metabolic phenotyping of urine for discriminating alcohol-dependent from social drinkers and alcohol-naive subjects

Mostafa H, Amin AM, Teh CH, Murugaiyah V, Arif NH, Ibrahim B

Drug Alcohol Depend, 2016 12 01;169:80-84.
PMID: 27788404 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.016

BACKGROUND: Alcohol-dependence (AD) is a ravaging public health and social problem. AD diagnosis depends on questionnaires and some biomarkers, which lack specificity and sensitivity, however, often leading to less precise diagnosis, as well as delaying treatment. This represents a great burden, not only on AD individuals but also on their families. Metabolomics using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) can provide novel techniques for the identification of novel biomarkers of AD. These putative biomarkers can facilitate early diagnosis of AD.
OBJECTIVES: To identify novel biomarkers able to discriminate between alcohol-dependent, non-AD alcohol drinkers and controls using metabolomics.
METHOD: Urine samples were collected from 30 alcohol-dependent persons who did not yet start AD treatment, 54 social drinkers and 60 controls, who were then analysed using NMR. Data analysis was done using multivariate analysis including principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least square-discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA), followed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression to develop the discriminatory model. The reproducibility was done using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
RESULTS: The OPLS-DA revealed significant discrimination between AD and other groups with sensitivity 86.21%, specificity 97.25% and accuracy 94.93%. Six biomarkers were significantly associated with AD in the multivariate logistic regression model. These biomarkers were cis-aconitic acid, citric acid, alanine, lactic acid, 1,2-propanediol and 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid. The reproducibility of all biomarkers was excellent (0.81-1.0).
CONCLUSION: This study revealed that metabolomics analysis of urine using NMR identified AD novel biomarkers which can discriminate AD from social drinkers and controls with high accuracy.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology*
A review of experimental evidences that could warn of possible dangers of alcohol consumption by pregnant mothers

Chaudhuri JD

Indian J Med Sci, 2000 Dec;54(12):545-54.
PMID: 11354820

Most of the features of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) have been replicated in experimental models. They provide an insight into the effects of alcohol on the developing embryo, however, satisfactory explanations for these effects are still not available. Certain maternal characteristics of children with FAS have been identified. However, it is not absolute as at times the most unlikely women are susceptible to problems of maternal alcoholism. The levels of awareness of FAS among the general public and health workers are inadequate. Measures need to be taken to remedy this condition.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology
Fulltext Potential mechanisms linking psychological stress to bone health

Ng JS, Chin KY

Int J Med Sci, 2021;18(3):604-614.
PMID: 33437195 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.50680

Chronic psychological stress affects many body systems, including the skeleton, through various mechanisms. This review aims to provide an overview of the factors mediating the relationship between psychological stress and bone health. These factors can be divided into physiological and behavioural changes induced by psychological stress. The physiological factors involve endocrinological changes, such as increased glucocorticoids, prolactin, leptin and parathyroid hormone levels and reduced gonadal hormones. Low-grade inflammation and hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system during psychological stress are also physiological changes detrimental to bone health. The behavioural changes during mental stress, such as altered dietary pattern, cigarette smoking, alcoholism and physical inactivity, also threaten the skeletal system. Psychological stress may be partly responsible for epigenetic regulation of skeletal development. It may also mediate the relationship between socioeconomic status and bone health. However, more direct evidence is required to prove these hypotheses. In conclusion, chronic psychological stress should be recognised as a risk factor of osteoporosis and stress-coping methods should be incorporated as part of the comprehensive osteoporosis-preventing strategy.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology
Fulltext Factors Associated with Low Bone Density in Opioid Substitution Therapy Patients: A Systematic Review

Ramli FF, Syed Hashim SA, Mohd Effendy N

Int J Med Sci, 2021;18(2):575-581.
PMID: 33390827 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.52201

Background: Long-term opioid therapy is a risk factor for low bone mineral density (BMD). However, other factors may also contribute to low BMD. Several studies have examined the variables that might contribute to low BMD in patients receiving opioid replacement therapy (OST). However, to our knowledge, there was no systemic review conducted to address this particular issue. Thus, we reviewed the articles on the factors associated with low BMD in the population of opioid use disorder receiving substitution therapy. Methods: The articles that examined correlates or risk factors of low BMD in OST population were retrieved from OVID, SCOPUS, and PUBMED from inception until July 2020 by two independent investigators. Results: A total of 429 articles from three databases were retrieved initially. After screening based on eligibility criteria, five articles were included in the final analysis. The risk factors or correlates found to be significantly associated with low BMD in the OST population include male gender, low body mass index, low testosterone level, methadone or heroin use, and longer duration of heavy alcohol use. The review limitations include small sample sizes and inconsistent definition of variables. Conclusion: OST patients should be screened for BMD and its associated factors. Guidelines and training of practitioners involving in the OST service should be provided to increase the detection of low BMD in the OST population.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology*
Fulltext Lifetime and baseline alcohol intakes and risk of pancreatic cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study

Naudin S, Li K, Jaouen T, Assi N, Kyrø C, Tjønneland A, et al.

Int J Cancer, 2018 Aug 15;143(4):801-812.
PMID: 29524225 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31367

Recent evidence suggested a weak relationship between alcohol consumption and pancreatic cancer (PC) risk. In our study, the association between lifetime and baseline alcohol intakes and the risk of PC was evaluated, including the type of alcoholic beverages and potential interaction with smoking. Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, 1,283 incident PC (57% women) were diagnosed from 476,106 cancer-free participants, followed up for 14 years. Amounts of lifetime and baseline alcohol were estimated through lifestyle and dietary questionnaires, respectively. Cox proportional hazard models with age as primary time variable were used to estimate PC hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence interval (CI). Alcohol intake was positively associated with PC risk in men. Associations were mainly driven by extreme alcohol levels, with HRs comparing heavy drinkers (>60 g/day) to the reference category (0.1-4.9 g/day) equal to 1.77 (95% CI: 1.06, 2.95) and 1.63 (95% CI: 1.16, 2.29) for lifetime and baseline alcohol, respectively. Baseline alcohol intakes from beer (>40 g/day) and spirits/liquors (>10 g/day) showed HRs equal to 1.58 (95% CI: 1.07, 2.34) and 1.41 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.94), respectively, compared to the reference category (0.1-2.9 g/day). In women, HR estimates did not reach statistically significance. The alcohol and PC risk association was not modified by smoking status. Findings from a large prospective study suggest that baseline and lifetime alcohol intakes were positively associated with PC risk, with more apparent risk estimates for beer and spirits/liquors than wine intake.

Matched MeSH terms: Alcoholism/epidemiology

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