Fulltext

Dissecting the Shared Genetic Architecture of Suicide Attempt, Psychiatric Disorders, and Known Risk Factors

Mullins N 1 , Kang J 2 , Campos AI 3 , Coleman JRI 4 , Edwards AC 5 , Galfalvy H 6 Show all authors , Levey DF 7 , Lori A 8 , Shabalin A 9 , Starnawska A 10 , Su MH 11 , Watson HJ 12 , Adams M 13 , Awasthi S 14 , Gandal M 15 , Hafferty JD 13 , Hishimoto A 16 , Kim M 15 , Okazaki S 17 , Otsuka I 18 , Ripke S 19 , Ware EB 20 , Bergen AW 21 , Berrettini WH 22 , Bohus M 23 , Brandt H 24 , Chang X 25 , Chen WJ 26 , Chen HC 27 , Crawford S 24 , Crow S 28 , DiBlasi E 9 , Duriez P 29 , Fernández-Aranda F 30 , Fichter MM 31 , Gallinger S 32 , Glatt SJ 33 , Gorwood P 29 , Guo Y 25 , Hakonarson H 34 , Halmi KA 35 , Hwu HG 36 , Jain S 37 , Jamain S 38 , Jiménez-Murcia S 30 , Johnson C 39 , Kaplan AS 40 , Kaye WH 41 , Keel PK 42 , Kennedy JL 40 , Klump KL 43 , Li D 25 , Liao SC 27 , Lieb K 44 , Lilenfeld L 45 , Liu CM 27 , Magistretti PJ 46 , Marshall CR 47 , Mitchell JE 48 , Monson ET 9 , Myers RM 49 , Pinto D 50 , Powers A 8 , Ramoz N 51 , Roepke S 52 , Rozanov V 53 , Scherer SW 54 , Schmahl C 23 , Sokolowski M 55 , Strober M 56 , Thornton LM 57 , Treasure J 58 , Tsuang MT 59 , Witt SH 60 , Woodside DB 61 , Yilmaz Z 62 , Zillich L 60 , Adolfsson R 63 , Agartz I 64 , Air TM 65 , Alda M 66 , Alfredsson L 67 , Andreassen OA 68 , Anjorin A 69 , Appadurai V 70 , Soler Artigas M 71 , Van der Auwera S 72 , Azevedo MH 73 , Bass N 74 , Bau CHD 75 , Baune BT 76 , Bellivier F 77 , Berger K 78 , Biernacka JM 79 , Bigdeli TB 80 , Binder EB 81 , Boehnke M 82 , Boks MP 83 , Bosch R 84 , Braff DL 85 , Bryant R 86 , Budde M 87 , Byrne EM 88 , Cahn W 83 , Casas M 89 , Castelao E 90 , Cervilla JA 91 , Chaumette B 92 , Cichon S 93 , Corvin A 94 , Craddock N 95 , Craig D 96 , Degenhardt F 97 , Djurovic S 98 , Edenberg HJ 99 , Fanous AH 80 , Foo JC 60 , Forstner AJ 100 , Frye M 101 , Fullerton JM 102 , Gatt JM 103 , Gejman PV 104 , Giegling I 105 , Grabe HJ 72 , Green MJ 106 , Grevet EH 107 , Grigoroiu-Serbanescu M 108 , Gutierrez B 109 , Guzman-Parra J 110 , Hamilton SP 111 , Hamshere ML 95 , Hartmann A 112 , Hauser J 113 , Heilmann-Heimbach S 97 , Hoffmann P 114 , Ising M 115 , Jones I 95 , Jones LA 116 , Jonsson L 117 , Kahn RS 118 , Kelsoe JR 119 , Kendler KS 5 , Kloiber S 120 , Koenen KC 121 , Kogevinas M 122 , Konte B 112 , Krebs MO 92 , Landén M 123 , Lawrence J 124 , Leboyer M 125 , Lee PH 126 , Levinson DF 127 , Liao C 128 , Lissowska J 129 , Lucae S 115 , Mayoral F 110 , McElroy SL 130 , McGrath P 131 , McGuffin P 132 , McQuillin A 74 , Medland SE 133 , Mehta D 134 , Melle I 135 , Milaneschi Y 136 , Mitchell PB 137 , Molina E 138 , Morken G 139 , Mortensen PB 140 , Müller-Myhsok B 141 , Nievergelt C 85 , Nimgaonkar V 142 , Nöthen MM 97 , O'Donovan MC 95 , Ophoff RA 143 , Owen MJ 95 , Pato C 144 , Pato MT 145 , Penninx BWJH 136 , Pimm J 74 , Pistis G 90 , Potash JB 146 , Power RA 147 , Preisig M 90 , Quested D 148 , Ramos-Quiroga JA 89 , Reif A 149 , Ribasés M 71 , Richarte V 84 , Rietschel M 60 , Rivera M 150 , Roberts A 151 , Roberts G 137 , Rouleau GA 152 , Rovaris DL 153 , Rujescu D 112 , Sánchez-Mora C 71 , Sanders AR 104 , Schofield PR 102 , Schulze TG 154 , Scott LJ 82 , Serretti A 155 , Shi J 156 , Shyn SI 157 , Sirignano L 60 , Sklar P 158 , Smeland OB 68 , Smoller JW 159 , Sonuga-Barke EJS 160 , Spalletta G 161 , Strauss JS 162 , Świątkowska B 163 , Trzaskowski M 164 , Turecki G 165 , Vilar-Ribó L 166 , Vincent JB 167 , Völzke H 168 , Walters JTR 95 , Shannon Weickert C 106 , Weickert TW 106 , Weissman MM 169 , Williams LM 127 , Wray NR 170 , Zai CC 171 , Ashley-Koch AE 172 , Beckham JC 173 , Hauser ER 174 , Hauser MA 172 , Kimbrel NA 173 , Lindquist JH 175 , McMahon B 176 , Oslin DW 177 , Qin X 172 , Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium , Bipolar Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium , Eating Disorders Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium , German Borderline Genomics Consortium , MVP Suicide Exemplar Workgroup , VA Million Veteran Program , Agerbo E 178 , Børglum AD 10 , Breen G 4 , Erlangsen A 179 , Esko T 180 , Gelernter J 7 , Hougaard DM 181 , Kessler RC 182 , Kranzler HR 177 , Li QS 183 , Martin NG 184 , McIntosh AM 13 , Mors O 185 , Nordentoft M 186 , Olsen CM 187 , Porteous D 188 , Ursano RJ 189 , Wasserman D 55 , Werge T 190 , Whiteman DC 187 , Bulik CM 191 , Coon H 192 , Demontis D 10 , Docherty AR 193 , Kuo PH 194 , Lewis CM 195 , Mann JJ 196 , Rentería ME 3 , Smith DJ 197 , Stahl EA 198 , Stein MB 199 , Streit F 60 , Willour V 146 , Ruderfer DM 200

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Electronic address: [email protected]
  • 2 Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
  • 3 Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
  • 4 National Institute for Health Research Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
  • 5 Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
  • 6 Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York
  • 7 Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut; Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
  • 8 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
  • 9 Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
  • 10 Centre for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
  • 11 Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
  • 12 School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Division of Paediatrics, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
  • 13 Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
  • 14 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
  • 15 Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
  • 16 Department of Psychiatry, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
  • 17 Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
  • 18 Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
  • 19 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
  • 20 Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Survery Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
  • 21 BioRealm, LLC, Walnut, California; Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, Oregon
  • 22 Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
  • 23 Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
  • 24 Center for Eating Disorders at Sheppard Pratt, Baltimore, Maryland
  • 25 Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
  • 26 Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
  • 27 Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
  • 28 Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
  • 29 Hôpital Sainte-Anne, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France; Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, INSERM U1266, Université de Paris, Paris, France
  • 30 Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Bellvitge-IDIBELL and CIBEROBN, Barcelona, Spain
  • 31 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; Schön Klinik Roseneck affiliated with the Medical Faculty of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
  • 32 Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • 33 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
  • 34 Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
  • 35 Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
  • 36 Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
  • 37 Biostatistics Research Center, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, La Jolla, California
  • 38 Inserm U955, Institut Mondor de recherches Biomédicales, Laboratoire, Neuro-Psychiatrie Translationnelle, and Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire de Précision Médecine en Addictologie et Psychiatrie, University Paris-Est-Créteil, Créteil, France
  • 39 Eating Recovery Center, Denver, Colorado
  • 40 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • 41 Department of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
  • 42 Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
  • 43 Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan
  • 44 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
  • 45 Department of Clinical Psychology, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Washington, DC
  • 46 BESE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia; Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
  • 47 Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • 48 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota
  • 49 HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama
  • 50 Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
  • 51 Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, INSERM U1266, Université de Paris, Paris, France
  • 52 Department of Psychiatry, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
  • 53 Department of Psychology, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation; Department of Borderline Disorders and Psychotherapy, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
  • 54 Department of Genetics and Genomic Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • 55 National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention of Mental Ill-Health, LIME, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
  • 56 David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
  • 57 Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
  • 58 Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, London, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London and South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
  • 59 Center for Behavioral Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
  • 60 Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
  • 61 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Program for Eating Disorders, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • 62 National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
  • 63 Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry, Umeå University Medical Faculty, Umeå, Sweden
  • 64 Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
  • 65 Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
  • 66 Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
  • 67 Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Institut of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
  • 68 Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
  • 69 Psychiatry, Berkshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Bracknell, United Kingdom
  • 70 Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • 71 Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Genetics, Microbiology & Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
  • 72 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
  • 73 Department of Psychiatry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
  • 74 Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  • 75 Laboratory of Developmental Psychiatry, Adult Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
  • 76 Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
  • 77 Department of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Paris Bipolar and TRD Expert Centres, FondaMental Foundation, Paris, France; UMR-S1144 Team 1: Biomarkers of relapse and therapeutic response in addiction and mood disorders, INSERM, Paris, France; Psychiatry, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
  • 78 Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
  • 79 Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
  • 80 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
  • 81 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
  • 82 Center for Statistical Genetics and Department of Biostatistics, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
  • 83 Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Hersencentrum, Utrecht, the Netherlands
  • 84 Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
  • 85 Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
  • 86 School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
  • 87 Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
  • 88 Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Children's Health Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
  • 89 Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain; Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
  • 90 Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
  • 91 Mental Health Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Granada University Hospital Complex, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
  • 92 Institut de Psychiatrie, CNRS GDR 3557, Paris, France; Department of Evaluation, Prevention and Therapeutic innovation, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France; Team Pathophysiology of psychiatric diseases, Université de Paris, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, INSERM U1266, Paris, France
  • 93 Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
  • 94 Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
  • 95 Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
  • 96 Department of Translational Genomics, University of Southern California, Pasadena, California
  • 97 Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
  • 98 Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
  • 99 Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
  • 100 Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Centre for Human Genetics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
  • 101 Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
  • 102 School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
  • 103 School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
  • 104 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
  • 105 Department of Psychiatry, University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
  • 106 School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
  • 107 ADHD Outpatient Program, Adult Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
  • 108 Biometric Psychiatric Genetics Research Unit, Alexandru Obregia Clinical Psychiatric Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
  • 109 Department of Psychiatry, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
  • 110 Mental Health Department, University Regional Hospital, Biomedicine Institute, Málaga, Spain
  • 111 Psychiatry, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, San Francisco, California
  • 112 Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
  • 113 Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Psychiatric Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
  • 114 Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
  • 115 Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
  • 116 Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Worcester, Worcester, United Kingdom
  • 117 Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
  • 118 Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Hersencentrum, Utrecht, the Netherlands
  • 119 Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
  • 120 Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • 121 Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
  • 122 Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Barcelona, Spain
  • 123 Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
  • 124 Psychiatry, North East London NHS Foundation Trust, Ilford, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • 125 Faculté de Médecine, University Paris-Est-Créteil, Créteil, France; Department of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; INSERM, Paris, France
  • 126 Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
  • 127 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California
  • 128 Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Montreal, Québec, Canada
  • 129 Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Sklodowska-Curie Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
  • 130 Research Institute, Lindner Center of HOPE, Mason, Ohio
  • 131 Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
  • 132 Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
  • 133 Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
  • 134 Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Psychology and Counseling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
  • 135 Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo, Norway
  • 136 Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit and GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  • 137 School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
  • 138 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
  • 139 Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway; Psychiatry, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
  • 140 Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • 141 Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany; University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • 142 Psychiatry and Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
  • 143 Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, California; Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
  • 144 College of Medicine Institute for Genomic Health, SUNY Downstate Medical Center College of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York; Institute for Genomic Health, SUNY Downstate Medical Center College of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York
  • 145 Institute for Genomic Health, SUNY Downstate Medical Center College of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York
  • 146 Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
  • 147 Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Genetics, BioMarin Pharmaceuticals, London, United Kingdom; University of Oxford, St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, United Kingdom
  • 148 Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  • 149 Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
  • 150 Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II and Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
  • 151 Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
  • 152 Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Montreal, Québec, Canada
  • 153 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 154 Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; Human Genetics Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
  • 155 Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
  • 156 Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
  • 157 Behavioral Health Services, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, DC
  • 158 Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
  • 159 Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
  • 160 Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
  • 161 Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
  • 162 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • 163 Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lódz, Poland
  • 164 Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
  • 165 Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
  • 166 Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain; Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
  • 167 Molecular Brain Science, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • 168 Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
  • 169 Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; Division of Translational Epidemiology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
  • 170 Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
  • 171 Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Molecular Brain Science, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • 172 Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
  • 173 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; VISN 6 Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, North Carolina
  • 174 Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Cooperative Studies Program Epidemiology Center, Education, and Clinical Center, Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, North Carolina
  • 175 VA Health Services Research and Development Center of Innovation to Accelerate Discovery and Practice Transformation, Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, North Carolina
  • 176 Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico
  • 177 Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; VISN 4 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
  • 178 National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
  • 179 Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Danish Research Institute for Suicide Prevention, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center of Mental Health Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
  • 180 Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
  • 181 Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • 182 Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
  • 183 Neuroscience, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey
  • 184 Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
  • 185 Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
  • 186 Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • 187 Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
  • 188 Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
  • 189 Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
  • 190 Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • 191 Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
  • 192 Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
  • 193 Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
  • 194 Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
  • 195 Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
  • 196 Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Columbia University, New York, New York
  • 197 Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
  • 198 Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
  • 199 Department of Psychiatry and School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
  • 200 Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. Electronic address: [email protected]
Biol Psychiatry, 2022 Feb 01;91(3):313-327.
PMID: 34861974 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.05.029

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Suicide is a leading cause of death worldwide, and nonfatal suicide attempts, which occur far more frequently, are a major source of disability and social and economic burden. Both have substantial genetic etiology, which is partially shared and partially distinct from that of related psychiatric disorders.

METHODS: We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 29,782 suicide attempt (SA) cases and 519,961 controls in the International Suicide Genetics Consortium (ISGC). The GWAS of SA was conditioned on psychiatric disorders using GWAS summary statistics via multitrait-based conditional and joint analysis, to remove genetic effects on SA mediated by psychiatric disorders. We investigated the shared and divergent genetic architectures of SA, psychiatric disorders, and other known risk factors.

RESULTS: Two loci reached genome-wide significance for SA: the major histocompatibility complex and an intergenic locus on chromosome 7, the latter of which remained associated with SA after conditioning on psychiatric disorders and replicated in an independent cohort from the Million Veteran Program. This locus has been implicated in risk-taking behavior, smoking, and insomnia. SA showed strong genetic correlation with psychiatric disorders, particularly major depression, and also with smoking, pain, risk-taking behavior, sleep disturbances, lower educational attainment, reproductive traits, lower socioeconomic status, and poorer general health. After conditioning on psychiatric disorders, the genetic correlations between SA and psychiatric disorders decreased, whereas those with nonpsychiatric traits remained largely unchanged.

CONCLUSIONS: Our results identify a risk locus that contributes more strongly to SA than other phenotypes and suggest a shared underlying biology between SA and known risk factors that is not mediated by psychiatric disorders.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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