Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 175 in total

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  1. The unstable bladder
    Lei CCM, Ng PEP, Abdullah MM
    Family Physician, 1994;6:19-21.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder Diseases
  2. Urological management of paraplegic patients
    Tinckler LF
    Med J Malaya, 1966 Mar;20(3):205-14.
    PMID: 4223071
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic/therapy*
  3. Mesh erosion into skin following laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair
    Soon CY, Siow SL
    BMJ Case Rep, 2023 Jan 03;16(1).
    PMID: 36596626 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-254011
    With increasing utilisation of meshes in inguinal hernia repair, reports of mesh-related complications are emerging, particularly late visceral complications, with mesh migration and erosion into the small bowel, bladder and colon reported after laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair. We present a case of spontaneous mesh migration through the superficial inguinal ring with skin erosion following TEP inguinal hernia repair, the first published report in the literature to our knowledge. This case highlights the difficulty in diagnosis due to the long latent period of hernia repair and the onset of erosion. A high index of suspicion is required when diagnosing any patient who presents with an unexplained groin abscess following ipsilateral TEP repair. CT scan should be performed early for diagnosis and assessment. Removal of the migrated portion of the mesh, antibiotic therapy and secondary wound closure are strategies for the successful treatment of this complication.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder/surgery
  4. Fulltext Concepts in the management of the overactive bladder in women
    Sivalingam N, Loh KY
    Med J Malaysia, 2012 Feb;67(1):137-41; quiz 142.
    PMID: 22582572
    The 'overactive bladder' is a common problem affecting the elderly female population especially after the menopause. Urgency with or without urge incontinence accompanied by frequency of micturition and nocturia are presenting symptoms. The diagnosis is established after excluding other diseases of the lower urinary tract which have similar presenting features. The aetiology is multifactorial and this problem often causes physical, psychological and emotional distress to the patient. Management can be provided by primary care physicians initiating behavioral changes which include life style interventions and bladder drills with or without antimuscarinic drugs. The recalcitrant patient not responding to conventional therapy should be referred for specialist care. Non-conventional treatment using acupressure, neuromodulation and surgical methods are only instituted in indicated cases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder, Overactive/diagnosis; Urinary Bladder, Overactive/etiology; Urinary Bladder, Overactive/psychology; Urinary Bladder, Overactive/therapy*
  5. Demethylases of H3 lysine 27 (H3K27) expression in urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the urinary bladder
    Anthony R, Rajandram R, Yap NY, Mun KS, Samberkar PN, Kuppusamy S
    Malays J Pathol, 2023 Aug;45(2):261-269.
    PMID: 37658535
    BACKGROUND: Ubiquitously Transcribed Tetracopeptide Repeat on X Chromosome (UTX) and Jumonji Domain-Containing Protein 3 (JMJD3) are histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27) demethylases that are found to play tumour suppressor or oncogenic roles in many cancers. However, their roles in urothelial carcinoma (UC) have not been well studied.

    OBJECTIVE: This study investigated UTX and JMJD3 protein expression patterns in UC and assess their clinical significance.

    PATIENTS AND METHODS: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) method was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) of UC tissues and compared to the normal bladder tissues from the autopsy specimen. The staining intensity of FFPE tissues were captured with the nuclear and overall positive pixels quantified using Aperio ImageScope software.

    RESULTS: JMJD3 protein uptake was present in both nucleus and cytoplasm but UTX protein was predominantly seen in the cytoplasm of UC tissue. UTX was under expressed whereas JMJD3 was over expressed in UC compared to normal bladder. UTX and JMJD3 were not related to clinical stage and grade. However, significant association between JMJD3 expression and invasiveness of tumour (p<0.05) was noted, especially in MIBC group (88.9%). UTX and JMJD3 did not yield any significance as prognostic factors for diseasespecific survival.

    CONCLUSIONS: Low expression of UTX protein in UC may indicate possible loss of its tumour suppressor activity and higher JMJD3 protein expression may indicate oncogenic activity. Hence, JMJD3 protein could be a potential diagnostic biomarker in detecting bladder UC of higher stages. Further investigation needed to study the dysregulation of this protein expression with associated gene expression.

    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms*
  6. Fulltext Unusual finding of endocervical-like mucinous epithelium in continuity with urothelium in endocervicosis of the urinary bladder
    Cheah PL, Looi LM, Lee GE, Teoh KH, Mun KS, Nazarina AR
    Diagn Pathol, 2011;6:56.
    PMID: 21699710 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-6-56
    Endocervicosis in the urinary bladder is a rare benign condition. We present a case in a 37-year-old woman with classical clinical and pathological features of endocervicosis. The unusual observation of endocervical-like mucinous epithelium in continuity with the urothelium in addition to fully developed endocervicosis prompted immunohistochemical profiling of the case using antibodies to cytokeratins (AE1/AE3, CK19, CK7, CK5/6, CK20), HBME-1, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) to assess the relationship of the surface mucinous and endocervicosis glandular epithelia. The surface mucinous epithelium, urothelium and endocervicosis glands were immunopositive for AE1/AE3, CK7 and CK19 while CK20 was only expressed by few urothelial umbrella cells. The surface mucinous epithelium was CK5/6 and HBME-1 immunonegative but showed presence of ER and PR. This was in contrast to the urothelium's expression of CK5/6 but not ER and PR. In comparison, endocervicosis glands expressed HBME-1, unlike the surface mucinous epithelium. The endocervicosis epithelium also demonstrated the expected presence of ER and PR and CK5/6 immunonegativity. The slightly differing immunohistochemical phenotypes of the surface mucinous and morphologically similar endocervicosis glandular epithelium is interesting and requires further clarification to its actual nature. The patient has remained well and without evidence of disease 18-months following transurethral resection of the lesion.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder/metabolism; Urinary Bladder/pathology*; Urinary Bladder/surgery; Urinary Bladder Diseases/metabolism; Urinary Bladder Diseases/pathology*; Urinary Bladder Diseases/surgery
  7. Primary Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Urinary Bladder: A Rare Entity
    Karikalan B, Pasupati T, George SM
    West Afr J Med, 2021 Jun 26;38(6):604-606.
    PMID: 34180217
    Adenocarcinoma constitutes around 0.5 to 2% of all neoplastic lesions of the urinary bladder, out of which, the mucinous variant is seen on rare occasions. Intestinal metaplasia resulting from nephrolithiasis, chronic inflammation and hydronephrosis could be the precursor lesion. Bladder exstrophy and remnants of the urachus are considered as other possible risk factors. The tumour prefers patients who are over 50 years. Hematuria, difficult voiding and suprapubic pain are the most common presenting symptoms. The tumour has a very bad prognosis and is poorly responsive to chemo and radiotherapy and hence surgery is the treatment of choice. Hence early diagnosis is of paramount importance. While managing adenocarcinoma of the bladder, it is important to rule out any possibility of a metastatic lesion that could have come from other organs where mucinous adenocarcinoma is more common.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder Neoplasms*
  8. Urethral recurrence after radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Fahmy O, Khairul-Asri MG, Schubert T, Renninger M, Kübler H, Stenzl A, et al.
    Urol Oncol, 2018 02;36(2):54-59.
    PMID: 29196179 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2017.11.007
    PURPOSE: Currently, identified factors for urethral recurrence (UR) are based on individual reporting which has displayed controversy. In addition, risk of UR is one of the limiting factors to offer neobladder diversion during radical cystectomy (RC). We aim to systematically evaluate the incidence and risk factors of UR post-RC and its effect on survival.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic online search was conducted according to PRISMA statement for publications reporting on UR after RC. From initial 802 results, 14 articles including 6169 patients were included finally after exclusion of ineligible studies.

    RESULTS: The incidence rate of UR was 4.4% (1.3%-13.7%). It was significantly lower with neobladder diversion (odds ratio = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.24-0.79, P = 0.006). Muscle invasion (hazard ratio = 1.18, 95% CI: 0.86-1.62, P = 0.31), carcinoma in situ (hazard ratio 0.97, 95% CI: 0.64-1.47, P = 0.88), prostatic stromal involvement (hazard ratio = 2.26, 95% CI: 0.01-627.75, P = 0.78), and prostatic urethral involvement (hazard ratio = 2.04, 95% CI: 0.20-20.80, P = 0.55) have no significant effect on UR. Men displayed tendency toward higher incidence of UR (odds ratio = 2.21, 95% CI: 0.96-5.06, P = 0.06). Absence of recurrence displayed tendency toward better disease specific survival, yet not significant (hazard ratio = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.66-1.08, P = 0.17). These results are limited by the retrospective nature of the included studies.

    CONCLUSION: Muscle invasion, carcinoma in situ and prostatic stromal or urethral involvement at time of RC have no significant effect on UR. Orthotopic neobladder is associated with a significant lower risk of UR after RC.

    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder/pathology; Urinary Bladder/surgery; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery*
  9. Fulltext Fruit consumption and the risk of bladder cancer: A pooled analysis by the Bladder Cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants Study
    Jochems SHJ, Reulen RC, van Osch FHM, Witlox WJA, Goossens ME, Brinkman M, et al.
    Int J Cancer, 2020 Oct 15;147(8):2091-2100.
    PMID: 32285440 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33008
    While the association between fruit consumption and bladder cancer risk has been extensively reported, studies have had inadequate statistical power to investigate associations between types of fruit and bladder cancer risk satisfactorily. Fruit consumption in relation to bladder cancer risk was investigated by pooling individual data from 13 cohort studies. Cox regression models with attained age as time scale were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for intakes of total fruit and citrus fruits, soft fruits, stone fruits, tropical fruits, pome fruits and fruit products. Analyses were stratified by sex, smoking status and bladder cancer subtype. During on average 11.2 years of follow-up, 2836 individuals developed incident bladder cancer. Increasing fruit consumption (by 100 g/day) was inversely associated with the risk of bladder cancer in women (HR = 0.92; 95% CI 0.85-0.99). Although in women the association with fruit consumption was most evident for higher-risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC; HR = 0.72; 95% CI 0.56-0.92), the test for heterogeneity by bladder cancer subtype was nonsignificant (P-heterogeneity = .14). Increasing fruit consumption (by 100 g/day) was not associated with bladder cancer risk in men (HR = 0.99; 95% CI 0.94-1.03), never smokers (HR = 0.96; 95% CI 0.88-1.05), former smokers (HR = 0.98; 95% CI 0.92-1.05) or current smokers (HR = 0.95; 95% CI 0.89-1.01). The consumption of any type of fruit was not found to be associated with bladder cancer risk (P values > .05). Our study supports no evidence that the consumption of specific types of fruit reduces the risk of bladder cancer. However, increasing total fruit consumption may reduce bladder cancer risk in women.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder/pathology; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/etiology*; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/epidemiology*; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology
  10. Intravesical explosion during transurethral resection of the prostate
    Dublin N, Razack AH, Loh CS
    ANZ J Surg, 2001 Jun;71(6):384-5.
    PMID: 11409027
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder/injuries*; Urinary Bladder Diseases/etiology; Urinary Bladder Diseases/surgery
  11. Umbilical evagination of the bladder with omphalocele minor
    Thambi Dorai CR
    Pediatr Surg Int, 2000;16(1-2):128-9.
    PMID: 10663861
    A neonate with umbilical evagination of the bladder (UEB) and omphalocele minor (OM) is reported. The findings in this case support the origin of the urachus from the upper end of the cloaca rather than the allantois. The frequent occurrence of OM with urachal anomalies, including UEB, suggests an embryological association between the two conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder/abnormalities*; Urinary Bladder Fistula/congenital; Urinary Bladder Fistula/pathology
  12. Giant Intradiverticular Bladder Tumor
    Md Noh MS, Abdul Aziz AF, Mohd Ghani KA, Lee Kheng Siang C, Yunus R, Mohd Yusof M
    Am J Case Rep, 2017 Mar 01;18:212-216.
    PMID: 28246375
    BACKGROUND Intradiverticular bladder tumors are rare. This renders diagnosis of an intradiverticular bladder tumor difficult. Imaging plays a vital role in achieving the diagnosis, and subsequently staging of the disease. CASE REPORT A 74-year-old male presented to our center with a few months history of constitutional symptoms. Upon further history, he reported hematuria two months prior to presentation, which stopped temporarily, only to recur a few days prior to coming to the hospital. The patient admitted to having lower urinary tract symptoms. However, there was no dysuria, no sandy urine, and no fever. Palpation of his abdomen revealed a vague mass at the suprapubic region, which was non tender. In view of his history and the clinical examination findings, an ultrasound of the abdomen and computed tomography (CT) was arranged. These investigations revealed a giant tumor that seemed to be arising from a bladder diverticulum, with a mass effect and hydronephrosis. He later underwent operative intervention. CONCLUSIONS Intradiverticular bladder tumors may present a challenge to the treating physician in an atypical presentation; thus requiring a high index of suspicion and knowledge of tumor pathophysiology. As illustrated in our case, CT with its wide availability and multiplanar imaging capabilities offers a useful means for diagnosis, disease staging, operative planning, and follow-up.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder/abnormalities*; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology*; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery
  13. Stratifying patients with haematuria into high or low risk groups for bladder cancer: a novel clinical scoring system
    Hee TG, Shah SA, Ann HS, Hemdan SN, Shen LC, Al-Fahmi Abdul Galib N, et al.
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2013;14(11):6327-30.
    PMID: 24377526
    Haematuria is a common presentation of bladder cancer and requires a full urologic evaluation. This study aimed to develop a scoring system capable of stratifying patients with haematuria into high or low risk groups for having bladder cancer to help clinicians decide which patients need more urgent assessment. This cross- sectional study included all adult patients referred for haematuria and subsequently undergoing full urological evaluation in the years 2001 to 2011. Risk factors with strong association with bladder cancer in the study population were used to design the scoring system. Accuracy was determined by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. A total of 325 patients with haematuria were included, out of which 70 (21.5%) were diagnosed to have bladder cancer. Significant risk factors associated with bladder cancer were male gender, a history of cigarette smoking and the presence of gross haematuria. A scoring system using 4 clinical parameters as variables was created. The scores ranged between 6 to 14, and a score of 10 and above indicated high risk for having bladder cancer. It was found to have good accuracy with an area under the ROC curve of 80.4%, while the sensitivity and specificity were 90.0% and 55.7%, respectively. The scoring system designed in this study has the potential to help clinicians stratify patients who present with haematuria into high or low risk for having bladder cancer. This will enable high-risk patients to undergo urologic assessment earlier.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/urine*
  14. Fulltext Urodynamic evaluation of lower urinary tract function in the neurogenic bladder
    Mahamooth Z, Mahamooth T, Omar A
    Med J Malaysia, 1985 Jun;40(2):120-4.
    PMID: 3834282
    Analysis of the investigations of 14 cases of spinal injury are presented. The significance of the level of injury and the pattern of bladder function is alluded too. Some aspects of the management of neurogenic bladder are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic/etiology; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic/physiopathology*
  15. Vesicolithotomy for acute intestinal obstruction
    Mariappan P, Loong CW
    J Urol, 2004 Mar;171(3):1233.
    PMID: 14767310
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder Calculi/complications*; Urinary Bladder Calculi/surgery*
  16. Fulltext Phaeochromocytoma of the urinary bladder
    Naqiyah I, Rohaizak M, Meah FA, Nazri MJ, Sundram M, Amram AR
    Singapore Med J, 2005 Jul;46(7):344-6.
    PMID: 15968447
    The occurrence of urinary bladder paragangliomas is rare. A 12-year-old Chinese girl who presented with history of blurring of vision was found to have grade IV hypertensive retinopathy. Investigations revealed a phaeochromocytoma on the posterior wall of the urinary bladder. A partial cystectomy with right ureter reimplantation was undertaken and her hypertension was promptly controlled. The diagnosis and management of this rare tumour is discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery*
  17. Fulltext The 19q12 bladder cancer GWAS signal: association with cyclin E function and aggressive disease
    Fu YP, Kohaar I, Moore LE, Lenz P, Figueroa JD, Tang W, et al.
    Cancer Res, 2014 Oct 15;74(20):5808-18.
    PMID: 25320178 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-14-1531
    A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of bladder cancer identified a genetic marker rs8102137 within the 19q12 region as a novel susceptibility variant. This marker is located upstream of the CCNE1 gene, which encodes cyclin E, a cell-cycle protein. We performed genetic fine-mapping analysis of the CCNE1 region using data from two bladder cancer GWAS (5,942 cases and 10,857 controls). We found that the original GWAS marker rs8102137 represents a group of 47 linked SNPs (with r(2) ≥ 0.7) associated with increased bladder cancer risk. From this group, we selected a functional promoter variant rs7257330, which showed strong allele-specific binding of nuclear proteins in several cell lines. In both GWASs, rs7257330 was associated only with aggressive bladder cancer, with a combined per-allele OR = 1.18 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09-1.27, P = 4.67 × 10(-5)] versus OR = 1.01 (95% CI, 0.93-1.10, P = 0.79) for nonaggressive disease, with P = 0.0015 for case-only analysis. Cyclin E protein expression analyzed in 265 bladder tumors was increased in aggressive tumors (P = 0.013) and, independently, with each rs7257330-A risk allele (P(trend) = 0.024). Overexpression of recombinant cyclin E in cell lines caused significant acceleration of cell cycle. In conclusion, we defined the 19q12 signal as the first GWAS signal specific for aggressive bladder cancer. Molecular mechanisms of this genetic association may be related to cyclin E overexpression and alteration of cell cycle in carriers of CCNE1 risk variants. In combination with established bladder cancer risk factors and other somatic and germline genetic markers, the CCNE1 variants could be useful for inclusion into bladder cancer risk prediction models.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder/metabolism; Urinary Bladder/pathology; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/genetics*; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology
  18. Fulltext Prevalence of overactive bladder syndrome (OABS) among women with gynaecological problems and its risk factors in a tertiary hospital, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia: Implication for primary healthcare providers
    Ahmad SM, Aznal SS, Tham SW
    Malays Fam Physician, 2015;10(2):2-8.
    PMID: 27099656 MyJurnal
    The objective of this paper was to determine the prevalence of overactive bladder syndrome (OABS) and its risk factors among patients with other gynaecological problems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder, Overactive*
  19. The prognostic impact of hexaminolevulinate-based bladder tumor resection in patients with primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy
    Renninger M, Fahmy O, Schubert T, Schmid MA, Hassan F, Stenzl A, et al.
    World J Urol, 2020 Feb;38(2):397-406.
    PMID: 31030231 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-019-02780-0
    PURPOSE: To investigate whether hexaminolevulinate-based (HAL) bladder tumor resection (TURBT) impacts on outcomes of patients with primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) who were eventually treated with radical cystectomy (RC).

    METHODS: A total of 131 consecutive patients exhibiting NMIBC at primary diagnosis were retrospectively investigated whether they had undergone any HAL-guided TURBT prior to RC. Uni- and multivariable analyses were used to evaluate the impact of HAL-TURBT on cancer-specific (CSS) and overall survival (OS). The median follow-up was 38 months (IQR 13-56).

    RESULTS: Of the 131 patients, 69 (52.7%) were managed with HAL- and 62 (47.3%) with white light (WL)-TURBT only prior to RC. HAL-TURBT was associated with a higher number of TURBTs prior to RC (p = 0.002) and administration of intravesical chemotherapy (p = 0.043). A trend towards a higher rate of tumor-associated immune cell infiltrates in RC specimens (p = 0.07) and a lower utilization rate of post-operative systemic chemotherapy (p = 0.10) was noted for patients who were treated with HAL-TURBT. The 5-year CSS/OS was 90.9%/74.5% for the HAL-group and 73.8%/55.8% for the WL-group (p = 0.042/0.038). In multivariable analysis, lymph node tumor involvement (p = 0.007), positive surgical margins (p = 0.001) and performance of WL-TURBT only (p = 0.040) were independent predictors for cancer-specific death.

    CONCLUSIONS: The present data suggest that the resection of NMIBC under HAL exerts a beneficial impact on outcomes of patients who will need to undergo RC during their course of disease. This finding may be due to improved risk stratification as the resection under HAL may allow more patients to be treated timely and adequately.

    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder/drug effects; Urinary Bladder/pathology; Urinary Bladder/surgery*; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/drug therapy*; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery*
  20. An evaluation of the use of an indwelling catheter in promoting the healing of the perinaeum post partum
    LUMSDEN JW
    Med J Malaya, 1959 Dec;14:122-4.
    PMID: 14418884
    Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Bladder*
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