MyMedR

A bite by the Twin-Barred Tree Snake, Chrysopelea pelias (Linnaeus, 1758)

Ismail AK, Weinstein SA, Auliya M, Sabardin DM, Herbosa TJ, Saiboon IM, et al.

Clin Toxicol (Phila), 2010 Mar;48(3):222-6.

PMID: 20345298 DOI: 10.3109/15563650903550964

The Twin-Barred Tree Snake, Chrysopelea pelias, is a colubrine that, like other members of the genus Chrysopelea, is able to glide in the arboreal strata. Little is known about the effects of its bite. This report is the first clinically documented bite by this relatively uncommon rear-fanged species.

Matched MeSH terms: Snake Venoms/toxicity*

Comparative study of the edema-inducing activity of snake venoms

Tan NH, Saifuddin MN

Comp Biochem Physiol C Comp Pharmacol Toxicol, 1990;97(2):293-6.

PMID: 1982873

1. The edema-inducing activity of 24 venoms from snakes of the subfamilies of Elapinae, Hydrophiini, Crotalinae and Viperinae was determined. 2. All snake venoms tested are very potent edema inducers. The minimum edema doses of the venoms ranged from 0.16 to 3.41 micrograms per mouse paw. 3. The venoms induced a rapid onset edema which peaked within 1 h of injection and declined thereafter; at low dose, however, some venoms induced a rapid onset edema that sustained over a longer duration.

Matched MeSH terms: Snake Venoms/toxicity*

Fulltext Antihaemolytic and snake venom neutralizing effect of some Indian medicinal plants

Kumarapppan C, Jaswanth A, Kumarasunderi K

Asian Pac J Trop Med, 2011 Sep;4(9):743-7.

PMID: 21967700 DOI: 10.1016/S1995-7645(11)60185-5

OBJECTIVE: To validate traditional claims of usefulness of the Indian plants in management of poisonous snakebite and evaluate the antivenom properties displayed by the alcoholic extracts of Andrographis paniculata (A. paniculata), Crateva magna (C. magna), Gloriosa superba (G. superba) and Hydrocotyle javanica (H. javanica).

METHODS: These plants were collected, identified and the extracts were prepared by using conventional Soxhlet ethanol extraction technique. The venom neutralization activity was accessed in mice (20-25g) and number of mortalities was observed against clinically important snake (Naja nigricollis) venom. Present study also deals with in vitro membrane stabilizing activity of these plants against hyposaline induced human red blood corpuscles (HRBC).

RESULTS: Extracts of H. javanica and G. superba gave 80 % and 90 % protection to mice treated with minimum lethal dose of venom (LD(99)). These two plants showed significant neutralization effect against the venoms of Naja nigricollis venom. H. javanica and G. superba (25-100 mg/mL) produced significant changes of membrane stabilization of human red blood cells (HRBC) exposed to hyposaline-induced haemolysis.

CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that probably due to presence of various phytochemicals plays an important role in the anti-venom potential of these Indian medicinal plants against Naja nigricollis venom. The above observations confirmed that A. paniculata, C. magna, G. superba and H. javanica plant extracts possess potent snake venom neutralizing capacity and could potentially be used as an adjuvants for antivenin therapy in case of snakebite envenomation, especially against the local effects of cobra venoms.

Matched MeSH terms: Snake Venoms/toxicity

A comparative study of the biological properties of some sea snake venoms

Tan NH, Ponnudurai G

Comp. Biochem. Physiol., B, 1991;99(2):351-4.

PMID: 1764914

1. The protease, phosphodiesterase, alkaline phosphomonoesterase, L-amino acid oxidase, acetylcholinesterase, phospholipase A, 5'-nucleotidase, hyaluronidase, arginine ester hydrolase, procoagulant, anticoagulant and hemorrhagic activities of ten samples of venoms from seven taxa of sea snakes were examined. 2. The results show that venoms of sea snakes of both subfamilies of Hydrophiinae and Laticaudinae are characterized by a very low level of enzymatic activities, except phospholipase A activity and, for some species, hyaluronidase activity. 3. Because of the low levels of enzymatic activities and the total lack of procoagulant and hemorrhagic activities, venom biological properties are not useful for the differentiation of species of sea snakes. Nevertheless, the unusually low levels of enzymatic activities of sea snake venoms may be used to distinguish sea snake venoms from other elapid or viperid venoms.

Matched MeSH terms: Snake Venoms/toxicity

The edema inducing activity of phospholipase A2 enzymes

Tan NH, Saifuddin MN, Yong WY

Biochem. Int., 1991 Jan;23(1):175-81.

PMID: 1863271

The edema inducing activity of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymes from snake venoms and porcine pancreas was investigated using mouse paw as experimental model. All ten PLA2 enzymes exhibited potent edema inducing activity. PLA2, however, is generally not the major edema inducing component of snake venom. Chemical modification studies indicated that enzymatic activity of PLA2 was required for its edema inducing activity. All PLA2 enzymes examined displayed a rapid onset edema which was suppressed by pretreatment of the mice with antihistamine. Dexamethasone pretreatment also inhibited edemas elicited by some PLA2 enzymes.

Matched MeSH terms: Snake Venoms/toxicity

Displaying all 5 publications