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Anti-acid secretion activity of drugs cimetidine, ranitidine, tiotidine D 15,144 in dogs fixed with gastric fistulae

Ridzwan BH, Waton NG, Jais AM

Gen. Pharmacol., 1989;20(2):133-6.
PMID: 2565846

1. Acid secretion for each dog has reached a near maximum (100%) at the 6th samples, 90 min after the intravenous infusion of histamine (10 mu ghr-1, or approximately equal to 0.3 mghr-1). 2. 0.5 mgkg-1 Cimetidine had produced a mean inhibition of 47% on the stomach. 3. 0.1 mgkg-1 Ranitidine (D 14,951) could only inhibit a maximum of 28%, and the secretion had return to normal in just 30 min. 4. 0.025 mgkg-1 Tiotidine (D 15,104) had inhibited 53% acid secretion within 15 min of exposure. Recovery was quite similar to that of Cimetidine, at 150 min. 5. At a dosage one fifth of Cimetidine (0.1 mgkg-1) D 15,144 had depressed 35% of acid secretion at the first 15 min. The inhibition is gradually increased to about 43% (at 30 min), and was maintained for the next 105 min.

Matched MeSH terms: Ranitidine/pharmacology*
Antiulcer activity of methanol extract of Melastoma malabathricum leaves in rats

Zabidi Z, Wan Zainulddin WN, Mamat SS, Shamsahal Din S, Kamisan FH, Yahya F, et al.

Med Princ Pract, 2012;21(5):501-3.
PMID: 22517296 DOI: 10.1159/000337406

To determine the potential antiulcer activity of methanol extract of Melastoma malabathricum leaves (MEMM) using various established rat models.

Matched MeSH terms: Ranitidine/pharmacology
Eurycoma longifolia in Radix for the treatment of ethanol-induced gastric lesion in rats

Qodriyah HM, Asmadi AY

Pak J Biol Sci, 2013 Dec 01;16(23):1815-8.
PMID: 24506055

The effect of treatment with Radix on ethanol-induced gastric lesions was investigated. The main ingredient of Radix is Eurycoma longifolia. Twenty-four rats of the Sprague-Dawley species were randomly divided into four groups. Three groups were given 0.5 mL 100% ethanol orally. Another group was used as a control and was given only distilled water orally (control). After 6 h all the rats were fed with normal diet. One group that was administered with ethanol was only given distilled water orally (no treatment). Another two groups that were administered with ethanol were treated with oral Radix 0.128 mg g(-1) b.wt. (Radix) and oral ranitidine 21.4 mg kg(-1) b.wt. (Ranitidine), respectively. After one week, all the rats were fasted overnight and sacrificed. The stomach was isolated and examined for the presence and severity of gastric lesions. Measurements for malondialdehyde content and gastric acid concentration were also done. It is found that the ulcer index was lower in the Radix and ranitidine group compared to the no treatment group whereas in the control group there was no lesion. There was no difference in ulcer index between the Radix and ranitidine group. The gastric MDA content was significantly higher in all the groups that were induced with ethanol compared to the control group but no difference between all the ethanol-induced groups. There was no difference in the gastric acid concentration in all groups. Hence it is concluded that Eurycoma longifolia in Radix is as effective as ranitidine in the treatment of ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats.

Matched MeSH terms: Ranitidine/pharmacology
Anti-ulcerogenic effect of methanolic extract of Elaeagnus conferta Roxb. seeds in Wistar rats

Gupta M, Gulati M, Kapoor B, Kumar B, Kumar R, Kumar R, et al.

J Ethnopharmacol, 2021 Jul 15;275:114115.
PMID: 33852947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114115

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Elaeagnus conferta Roxb. (Elaeagnaceae) is a subtropical shrub mainly native to India, Vietnam, Malaysia and South China, whose various parts are used for treatment of diabetes, gastric ulcers, pain, oxidative stress and pulmonary disorders. Though the other parts of the plant have been reported for their ethnic use i.e. fruits as astringent locally and for cancer systemically, leaves for body pain and flowers for pain in chest and the seeds are mentioned as edible, there is no report per se on the medicinal use of seeds. Based on the fact that seeds of closely resembling species i.e. Elaeagnus rhamnoides has demonstrated significant anti-gastroulcerative property, the probability of the seeds of E. conferta possessing similar activity seemed quite significant.
AIM OF THE STUDY: Phytochemical investigation and assessment of pharmacological mechanism(s) involved in anti-ulcer effect of methanolic extract of the seeds of E. conferta.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bioactive phytoconstituents were isolated by column chromatography. These were identified by spectroscopic techniques including infrared (IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry. Methanolic extract (MEC) of the seeds was prepared by cold maceration and its anti-ulcerogenic potential was evaluated using indomethacin (50 mg/kg) and water immersion stress models in male rats. The animals were pre-treated with different doses of MEC (400 and 800 mg/kg) and the therapeutic effect was compared with standard drug i.e. ranitidine (RANT; 50 mg/kg). The ameliorative effects of MEC were investigated on gastric juice pH, total acidity, free acidity and ulcer index. The assays of malionaldehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and pro-inflammatory cytokines i.e. interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were carried out to find out the possible mechanism(s) of protection. Further, histopathological changes were also studied.
RESULTS: Chromatography studies and further confirmation by spectroscopic techniques revealed the presence of four different compounds in MEC i.e oleic acid (1), stearic acid (2), ascorbic acid (3) and quercetin (4). MEC exhibited anti-ulcerogenic effect in dose dependent manner which may be attributed to suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) and MDA (112.7%), and up-regulation of protective factors such as CAT (90.48%), SOD (92.77%) and GSH (90.01%). Ulcer inhibition, reduction in total and free acidity and increase in gastric juice pH were observed in MEC treated rats as compared to disease control animals. Histopathological findings confirmed decreased cell infiltration, less epithelial cell damage and regeneration of gastric mucosa in dose dependent manner.
CONCLUSIONS: The anti-ulcer effect of MEC may be attributed to its ability to scavenge free radicals and anti-inflammatory property via suppression of TNF-α and IL-6, thus offers a complete and holistic approach for management of peptic ulcer.

Matched MeSH terms: Ranitidine/pharmacology