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  1. Determination of naltrexone dosage for narcotic agonist blockade in detoxified Asian addicts
    Navaratnam V, Jamaludin A, Raman N, Mohamed M, Mansor SM
    Drug Alcohol Depend, 1994 Feb;34(3):231-6.
    PMID: 8033761
    Thirty-eight, adult, male, detoxified, Malaysian opiate addicts participated in this double-blind clinical evaluation of naltrexone. Addicts from three ethnic groups: Chinese, Malays, and Indians received a weekly regimen of naltrexone (100 mg on Days 1 and 3, and 150 mg on Day 5). Subjects were randomly assigned to receive intravenous challenge with either 25 mg heroin or placebo 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after the third naltrexone dose. Physiological and subjective parameters were measured at each challenge interval. Results indicated that naltrexone was effective in blocking the physiological and psychological effects of heroin for at least 48 and 72 h, respectively, in detoxified Malaysian opiate addicts. The efficacy of naltrexone did not differ among the three ethnic groups evaluated in this study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Neurologic Examination/drug effects
  2. Tardive dyskinesia among Chinese and Malay patients with schizophrenia
    Chong SA, Mahendran R, Machin D, Chua HC, Parker G, Kane J
    J Clin Psychopharmacol, 2002 Feb;22(1):26-30.
    PMID: 11799339
    The prevalence of tardive dyskinesia (TD) was studied with the Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale in Chinese and Malay patients with schizophrenia who were hospitalized in a Singapore state psychiatric institute. We also studied the relationship of neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal side effects to TD. By using established criteria, the rates of TD were 40.6% for Chinese and 29.0% for Malays, higher than previously reported for Chinese subjects. Older age and lower current neuroleptic dose were significantly associated with TD. Multivariate analysis, after controlling for other salient risk variables, did not show a significant difference in TD prevalence rates between the two races. We conclude that suggested differences in interethnic rates of TD among Chinese, Malays, and Westerners are unlikely to exist and that any variation in prevalence is more likely to be determined by differences in duration of exposure and dose levels of neuroleptic drugs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Neurologic Examination/drug effects
  3. Oculogyric spasm in Asian psychiatric in-patients on maintenance medication
    Tan CH, Chiang PC, Ng LL, Chee KT
    Br J Psychiatry, 1994 Sep;165(3):381-3.
    PMID: 7994510
    BACKGROUND: The objective was to investigate the occurrence and characteristics of oculogyric spasm (OGS) in an Asian country.

    METHOD: All 2035 Asian (88% Chinese, 7% Malays and 5% Indonesians) psychiatric in-patients in the state psychiatric hospital in Singapore were surveyed for occurrence of oculogyric spasm (OGS) over a two-month period.

    RESULTS: Thirty-four patients (1.7%) developed OGS (53% male and 47% female). All the 34 patients had been on maintenance antipsychotic drugs for more than five months. Eighteen patients had recurrent attacks. The mean chlorpromazine equivalent daily dose for those patients with recurrent OGS was 511 mg. This was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the 277 mg daily dose received by those without recurrent OGS. Most (68%) of the attacks occurred between 1400-2000 h suggesting that OGS may have a diurnal variation.

    CONCLUSIONS: OGS presenting as tardive dystonia may be due to a relative increase in cholinergic activity.

    Matched MeSH terms: Neurologic Examination/drug effects
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