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Fulltext Secretion of N- and O-linked Glycoproteins from 4T1 Murine Mammary Carcinoma Cells

Phang WM, Tan AA, Gopinath SC, Hashim OH, Kiew LV, Chen Y

Int J Med Sci, 2016;13(5):330-9.
PMID: 27226773 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.14341

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers that affect women globally and accounts for ~23% of all cancers diagnosed in women. Breast cancer is also one of the leading causes of death primarily due to late stage diagnoses and a lack of effective treatments. Therefore, discovering protein expression biomarkers is mandatory for early detection and thus, critical for successful therapy. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2D-E) coupled with lectin-based analysis followed by mass spectrometry were applied to identify potential biomarkers in the secretions of a murine mammary carcinoma cell line. Comparisons of the protein profiles of the murine 4T1 mammary carcinoma cell line and a normal murine MM3MG mammary cell line indicated that cadherin-1 (CDH), collagenase 3 (MMP-13), Viral envelope protein G7e (VEP), Gag protein (GAG) and Hypothetical protein LOC433182 (LOC) were uniquely expressed by the 4T1 cells, and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) was exclusively secreted by the MM3MG cells. Further analysis by a lectin-based study revealed that aberrant O-glycosylated CDH, N-glycosylated MMP-13 and LOC were present in the 4T1 medium. These differentially expressed N- and O-linked glycoprotein candidates, which were identified by combining lectin-based analysis with 2D-E, could serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for breast cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Nerve Growth Factors/metabolism
The role of chalcones: helichrysetin, xanthohumol, and flavokawin-C in promoting neurite outgrowth in PC12 Adh cells

Phan CW, Sabaratnam V, Yong WK, Abd Malek SN

Nat Prod Res, 2018 May;32(10):1229-1233.
PMID: 28539058 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1331226

Chalcones are a group of compounds widely distributed in plant kingdom. The aim of this study was to assess the neurite outgrowth stimulatory activity of selected chalcones, namely helichrysetin, xanthohumol and flavokawin-C. Using adherent rat pheochromocytoma (PC12 Adh) cells, the chalcones were subjected to neurite outgrowth assay and the extracellular nerve growth factor (NGF) levels were determined. Xanthohumol (10 μg/mL) displayed the highest (p

Matched MeSH terms: Nerve Growth Factors/metabolism
Vitamin D ameliorates memory function in association with reducing senescence and upregulating neurotrophin mRNA expression in transient global cerebral ischemic injury model in rats

Melindah T, Sari DCR, Setiawan J, Alex, Thamrin MM, Zahra F, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2024 Aug;79(Suppl 4):51-57.
PMID: 39215415

INTRODUCTION: Ischaemic stroke induces oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, inflammation and senescence and the decrease of cognitive function. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that has a neuroprotective effect to repair the function of the nervous system. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of vitamin D on memory function, p16, p21 (senescence), and nerve growth factor (NGF) mRNA expression on the hippocampus after transient global cerebral ischemic.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was designed as quasiexperimental with a control group that only received posttests. We performed in vivo study with an induction bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) model and vitamin D injection for 10 days. A total of 24 rats were divided into four groups (n = 6): Sham operation (SO [control]), BCCAO (transient global cerebral ischemic model not given vitamin D), VD1 (BCCAO + vitamin D 0.125 μg/kgBW), and VD2 (BCCAO + vitamin D 0.5 μg/kgBW). The spatial memory function was tested with the Morris water maze. We performed immunohistochemistry to localise p16 expression. p16, p21 and NGF mRNA expression were assessed by reverse transcriptase (RT-PCR) method.
RESULTS: The vitamin D treatment group required shorter mileage to find the platform and probe test. The total time spent was longer in the target quadrant than in non-target. The Vitamin D-treated group had lower p16 and p21 mRNA expression and higher NGF mRNA expression than the BCCAO group. Immunostaining showed p16 signal in the pyramidal cell of CA1 area in the BCCAO group.
CONCLUSION: Vitamin D repairs memory function, senescence expression was lower and NGF was higher in the BCCAO model.

Matched MeSH terms: Nerve Growth Factors/metabolism
Replication of 13 obesity loci among Singaporean Chinese, Malay and Asian-Indian populations

Dorajoo R, Blakemore AI, Sim X, Ong RT, Ng DP, Seielstad M, et al.

Int J Obes (Lond), 2012 Jan;36(1):159-63.
PMID: 21544081 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2011.86

Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 38 obesity-associated loci among European populations. However, their contribution to obesity in other ethnicities is largely unknown.

Matched MeSH terms: Nerve Growth Factors/metabolism
Goat milk attenuates mimetic aging related memory impairment via suppressing brain oxidative stress, neurodegeneration and modulating neurotrophic factors in D-galactose-induced aging model

Safdar A, Zakaria R, Aziz CBA, Rashid U, Azman KF

Biogerontology, 2020 04;21(2):203-216.
PMID: 31792648 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-019-09854-x

One of the most significant hallmarks of aging is cognitive decline. D-galactose administration may impair memory and mimic the effects of natural aging. In this study, the efficiency of goat milk to protect against memory decline was tested. Fifty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: (i) control group, (ii) goat milk treated group, (iii) D-galactose treated group, and (iv) goat milk plus D-galactose treated group. Subcutaneous injections of D-galactose at 120 mg/kg and oral administrations of goat milk at 1 g/kg were chosen for the study. Goat milk and D-galactose were administered concomitantly for 6 weeks, while the control group received saline. After 6 weeks, novel object recognition and T-maze tests were performed to evaluate memory of rats. Following behavioral tests, the animals were sacrificed, and right brain homogenates were analyzed for levels of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes and neurotrophic factors. The left brain hemisphere was used for histological study of prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. There was a significant memory impairment, an increase in oxidative stress and neurodegeneration and a reduction in antioxidant enzymes and neurotrophic factors levels in the brain of D-galactose treated rats compared to controls. Goat milk treatment attenuated memory impairment induced by D-galactose via suppressing oxidative stress and neuronal damage and increasing neurotrophic factors levels, thereby suggesting its potential role as a geroprotective food.

Matched MeSH terms: Nerve Growth Factors/metabolism*