Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 330 in total

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  1. Performance of selected SARS-CoV-2 antibodies immunoassays
    Mohd Zain R, Shaiful Bahrin NI, Ellan K, Thayan R
    Malays J Pathol, 2021 Dec;43(3):463-464.
    PMID: 34958069
    No abstract available.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood*
  2. Pan LF-ELISA using BmR1 and BmSXP recombinant antigens for detection of lymphatic filariasis
    Abdul Rahman R, Hwen-Yee C, Noordin R
    Filaria journal, 2007;6:10.
    PMID: 17961264
    Anti-filarial IgG4 antibody has been shown to be a good marker for detection of lymphatic filaria infection. Previous studies demonstrated that anti-filarial IgG4 assay using BmR1 recombinant antigen was highly specific and sensitive for detection of brugian filariasis. For bancroftian filariasis, an equivalent assay employing recombinant antigen expressed from the ORF of SXP1 gene has been reported. In order to detect infections by all species of lymphatic filarial, BmR1 and BmSXP recombinant antigens were employed in the development of a pan LF-ELISA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G
  3. Fulltext Knowledge and preventive behaviour among pregnant women with latent toxoplasmosis in Malaysia
    Ahmad N., Osman, E., Abdul Ghani, N.A., Leong, W.Y., Arzaee, M.Z., Seow, Y.Y., et al.
    Medicine & Health, 2020;15(2):108-123.
    MyJurnal
    Toksoplasmosis pendam dapat menyebabkan pelbagai gangguan hormon dan tingkah laku dalam hos terjangkit. Kami berhasrat untuk mengkaji sero-prevalens Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) pendam serta hubungan antara jangkitan dengan pengetahuan dan tingkah laku dalam kalangan 400 ibu hamil. Sampel plasma diuji untuk kehadiran antibodi IgG T. gondii dan soal selidik berstruktur digunakan untuk merekodkan ciri-ciri sosio-demografi responden, maklumat umum dan pengetahuan mengenai faktor risiko, gejala, masa jangkitan, pengetahuan pencegahan serta tingkah laku pencegahan toksoplasmosis. Sero-prevalensi toksoplasmosis pendam dalam wanita hamil adalah 31.8%. Kajian menunjukkan, 69.5% daripada mereka mempunyai kurang pengetahuan mengenai toksoplasmosis. Walau bagaimanapun, majoritinya (99.8%) mengamalkan tingkah laku pencegahan. Analisis regresi logistik berganda menunjukkan wanita hamil dengan tahap pendidikan rendah mempunyai hampir dua kali lebih risiko (nisbah ods terlaras: 1.91, 95% SK 1.18, 3.10; p = 0.008) untuk T. gondii IgG seropositif. Wanita hamil yang mempunyai sejarah perubatan lalu mempunyai dua kali lebih kemungkinan (nisbah ods terlaras: 2.32, 95% SK 1.32, 4.06; p = 0.003) untuk T. gondii IgG seropositif. Selain itu, wanita yang tidak pasti mengenai mod penyebaran penyakit melalui pemindahan darah mempunyai empat kali lebih ods (nisbah ods terlaras: 3.93, 95% SK 1.54, 10.01; p = 0.004) untuk sero-prevalens kronik toksoplasmosis. Wanita yang tidak pasti mengenai keperluan menghindari kucing liar mempunyai nisbah ods terlaras: 0.42 (95% SK 0.24, 0.71, p = 0.001) untuk sero-prevalens kronik toksoplasmosis. Penterjemahan pengetahuan tentang toksoplasmosis kepada amalan tingkah laku pencegahan melalui program pendidikan kesihatan adalah penting untuk mengurangkan risiko penularan penyakit ini dalam kalangan wanita hamil.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G
  4. Fulltext Eculizumab in Asian patients with anti-aquaporin-IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A subgroup analysis from the randomized phase 3 PREVENT trial and its open-label extension
    Kim HJ, Nakashima I, Viswanathan S, Wang KC, Shang S, Miller L, et al.
    Mult Scler Relat Disord, 2021 May;50:102849.
    PMID: 33676197 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.102849
    Background Eculizumab, a terminal complement inhibitor, significantly reduced the risk of relapse compared with placebo in patients with anti-aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G-positive (AQP4+) neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in the PREVENT trial. We report efficacy and safety analyses in Asian patients in PREVENT and its open-label extension (OLE). Methods PREVENT was a double-blind, randomized, phase 3 trial. Patients with AQP4+ NMOSD were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive intravenous eculizumab (maintenance dose, 1200 mg/2 weeks) or placebo. Patients who completed PREVENT could receive eculizumab in an OLE. Analyses were performed in a prespecified subgroup of Asian patients. Results Of 143 patients enrolled, 52 (36.4%) were included in the Asian subgroup (eculizumab, n = 37; placebo, n = 15); 45 Asian patients received eculizumab in the OLE. Most Asian patients (86.5%) received concomitant immunosuppressive therapy. During PREVENT, one adjudicated relapse occurred in patients receiving eculizumab and six occurred in patients receiving placebo in the Asian subgroup (hazard ratio, 0.05; 95% confidence interval: 0.01-0.35; p = 0.0002). An estimated 95.2% of Asian patients remained relapse-free after 144 weeks of eculizumab treatment. Upper respiratory tract infections, headache, and nasopharyngitis were the most common adverse events with eculizumab in the Asian subgroup. Conclusion Eculizumab reduces the risk of relapse in Asian patients with AQP4+ NMOSD, with a benefit-risk profile similar to the overall PREVENT population. The benefits of eculizumab were maintained during long-term therapy. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT01892345 (PREVENT); NCT02003144 (open-label extension).
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G
  5. Fulltext A rare occurrence of plasma cell myeloma with biclonal gammopathy
    Mardziah, M., Nurasyikin, Y., Rafeah, T., Dian, N., Yousuf, R., Suria, A.A.
    Medicine & Health, 2017;12(1):103-108.
    MyJurnal
    Plasma cell myeloma is known to cause expansion of a single clone of munoglobulin (Ig) which results in the secretion of a unique homogeneous monoclonal protein (M component). However, there are cases which reported that it can also cause production of two different clones of these monoclonal proteins. Although it is relatively very rare as the prevalence is only 2% of all plasma cell myeloma cases, the clinical features are said to be similar to monoclonal gammopathy. It is suggested that these biclonal gammopathy results from either one monoclonal cell clone in monoclonal gammopathy or two different monoclonal cell clones. Whichever the mechanism of the disease be, the response to treatment seems to be similar as compared to the monoclonal cases although some reports shows chemoresistant. Here, we report a rare case of plasma cell myeloma with IgG (lambda) and IgA (lambda) type of biclonal gammopathy, the clinical presentation, the haematological and biochemical markers as well as the response to the treatment.
    Keywords: biclonal gammopathy, M protein, plasma cell myeloma
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G
  6. Generation of human scFv-IgG1Fc antibodies for detection of lymphatic filarial recombinant antigens, BmR1 and BmSXP
    Abdo AIK, Ngoh YY, Lew MH, Dass SA, Rahumatullah A, Noordin R, et al.
    Biotechnol Appl Biochem, 2022 Feb;69(1):70-76.
    PMID: 33258152 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2082
    Lymphatic filariasis is a neglected parasitic disease that affects millions in tropical and subtropical countries and is caused by Wuchereria and Brugia species. Specific and sensitive detection methods are essential in mapping infected areas where rapid tests are needed to cover underdeveloped and remote regions, which facilitates eliminating the disease as a public health problem. A few commercialized rapid tests based on antigen or antibody detection are available, but the former only detects infection by Wuchereria species and cross-reacts with nonlymphatic filaria, whereas antibody detection might provide positive results of previous infection. Here, we report the production of three different recombinant immunoglobulin gamma (IgG)1 antibodies based on scFvs previously generated via human antibody phage display technology, that is, anti-BmR1 clone 4, anti-BmXSP clone 5B, and anti-BmXSP clone 2H2. The scFv sequences were cloned into a pCMV-IgG1 vector, then transfected into a HEK293F cell line. The generated antibodies were found to be able to bind to their respective targets even at relatively low concentration. Conjugation of Fc to scFv induces binder stability and provides multiple labeling sites for probes and signaling molecules that can be used in rapid tests.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G
  7. Fulltext Plasmodium vivax malaria serological exposure markers: Assessing the degree and implications of cross-reactivity with P. knowlesi
    Longley RJ, Grigg MJ, Schoffer K, Obadia T, Hyslop S, Piera KA, et al.
    Cell Rep Med, 2022 06 21;3(6):100662.
    PMID: 35732155 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100662
    Serological markers are a promising tool for surveillance and targeted interventions for Plasmodium vivax malaria. P. vivax is closely related to the zoonotic parasite P. knowlesi, which also infects humans. P. vivax and P. knowlesi are co-endemic across much of South East Asia, making it important to design serological markers that minimize cross-reactivity in this region. To determine the degree of IgG cross-reactivity against a panel of P. vivax serological markers, we assayed samples from human patients with P. knowlesi malaria. IgG antibody reactivity is high against P. vivax proteins with high sequence identity with their P. knowlesi ortholog. IgG reactivity peaks at 7 days post-P. knowlesi infection and is short-lived, with minimal responses 1 year post-infection. We designed a panel of eight P. vivax proteins with low levels of cross-reactivity with P. knowlesi. This panel can accurately classify recent P. vivax infections while reducing misclassification of recent P. knowlesi infections.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G
  8. Fulltext Serosurvey for Nipah virus in bat population of southern part of India
    Gokhale M, Sudeep AB, Mathapati B, Balasubramanian R, Ullas PT, Mohandas S, et al.
    Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis, 2022 Jun;85:101800.
    PMID: 35390635 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2022.101800
    Nipah virus (NiV) is one of the priority pathogens with pandemic potential. Though the spread is far slower than SARS-CoV-2, case fatality is the biggest concern. Fruit bats belonging to genus Pteropus are identified to be the main reservoir of the virus causing sporadic cases and outbreaks in Malaysia, Bangladesh and India. The sudden emergence of Nipah in Kerala, India during 2018-2019 has been astonishing with respect to its introduction in the unaffected areas. With this, active Nipah virus surveillance was conducted among bat populations in Southern part of India viz., Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Puducherry and Odisha during January-November 2019. Throat swabs/rectal swabs (n = 573) collected from Pteropus medius and Rousettus leschenaultii bat species and sera of Pteropus medius bats (n = 255) were screened to detect the presence of Nipah viral RNA and anti-Nipah IgG antibodies respectively. Of 255 P. medius bats sera samples, 51 bats (20%) captured from Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Puducherry demonstrated presence of anti-Nipah IgG antibodies. However, the presence of virus couldn't be detected in any of the bat specimens. The recent emergence of Nipah virus in Kerala in September 2021 warrants further surveillance of Nipah virus among bat populations from the affected and remaining states of India.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G
  9. Fulltext Cognizance of Molecular Methods for the Generation of Mutagenic Phage Display Antibody Libraries for Affinity Maturation
    Lim CC, Choong YS, Lim TS
    Int J Mol Sci, 2019 Apr 15;20(8).
    PMID: 30991723 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081861
    Antibodies leverage on their unique architecture to bind with an array of antigens. The strength of interaction has a direct relation to the affinity of the antibodies towards the antigen. In vivo affinity maturation is performed through multiple rounds of somatic hypermutation and selection in the germinal centre. This unique process involves intricate sequence rearrangements at the gene level via molecular mechanisms. The emergence of in vitro display technologies, mainly phage display and recombinant DNA technology, has helped revolutionize the way antibody improvements are being carried out in the laboratory. The adaptation of molecular approaches in vitro to replicate the in vivo processes has allowed for improvements in the way recombinant antibodies are designed and tuned. Combinatorial libraries, consisting of a myriad of possible antibodies, are capable of replicating the diversity of the natural human antibody repertoire. The isolation of target-specific antibodies with specific affinity characteristics can also be accomplished through modification of stringent protocols. Despite the ability to screen and select for high-affinity binders, some 'fine tuning' may be required to enhance antibody binding in terms of its affinity. This review will provide a brief account of phage display technology used for antibody generation followed by a summary of different combinatorial library characteristics. The review will focus on available strategies, which include molecular approaches, next generation sequencing, and in silico approaches used for antibody affinity maturation in both therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/genetics; Immunoglobulin G/immunology; Immunoglobulin G/chemistry
  10. Fulltext AuNP Coupled Rapid Flow-Through Dot-Blot Immuno-Assay for Enhanced Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Specific Nucleocapsid and Receptor Binding Domain IgG
    Sil BK, Jamiruddin MR, Haq MA, Khondoker MU, Jahan N, Khandker SS, et al.
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2021;16:4739-4753.
    PMID: 34267520 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S313140
    BACKGROUND: Serological tests detecting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) are widely used in seroprevalence studies and evaluating the efficacy of the vaccination program. Some of the widely used serological testing techniques are enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA), chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA), and lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA). However, these tests are plagued with low sensitivity or specificity, time-consuming, labor-intensive, and expensive. We developed a serological test implementing flow-through dot-blot assay (FT-DBA) for SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG detection, which provides enhanced sensitivity and specificity while being quick to perform and easy to use.

    METHODS: SARS-CoV-2 antigens were immobilized on nitrocellulose membrane to capture human IgG, which was then detected with anti-human IgG conjugated gold nanoparticle (hIgG-AuNP). A total of 181 samples were analyzed in-house. Within which 35 were further evaluated in US FDA-approved CLIA Elecsys SARS-CoV-2 assay. The positive panel consisted of RT-qPCR positive samples from patients with both <14 days and >14 days from the onset of clinical symptoms. The negative panel contained samples collected from the pre-pandemic era dengue patients and healthy donors during the pandemic. Moreover, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of FT-DBA were evaluated against RT-qPCR positive sera. However, the overall efficacies were assessed with sera that seroconverted against either nucleocapsid (NCP) or receptor-binding domain (RBD).

    RESULTS: In-house ELISA selected a total of 81 true seropositive and 100 seronegative samples. The sensitivity of samples with <14 days using FT-DBA was 94.7%, increasing to 100% for samples >14 days. The overall detection sensitivity and specificity were 98.8% and 98%, respectively, whereas the overall PPV and NPV were 99.6% and 99%. Moreover, comparative analysis between in-house ELISA assays and FT-DBA revealed clinical agreement of Cohen's Kappa value of 0.944. The FT-DBA showed sensitivity and specificity of 100% when compared with commercial CLIA kits.

    CONCLUSION: The assay can confirm past SARS-CoV-2 infection with high accuracy within 2 minutes compared to commercial CLIA or in-house ELISA. It can help track SARS-CoV-2 disease progression, population screening, and vaccination response. The ease of use of the assay without requiring any instruments while being semi-quantitative provides the avenue of its implementation in remote areas around the globe, where conventional serodiagnosis is not feasible.

    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis*; Immunoglobulin G/blood; Immunoglobulin G/immunology
  11. Anti-HCMV IgG positivity rate among renal transplant recipients in Baghdad
    Al-Alousy BM, Abdul-Razak SH, Al-Ajeeli KS, Al-Jashamy KA
    Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl, 2011 Nov;22(6):1269-74.
    PMID: 22089802
    In developing countries, the majority of infection by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) occurs during childhood and continues as a latent infection. By adulthood, almost all the population may show anti-HCMV IgG as positive. This study was undertaken to determine the correlation between the prevalence of HCMV antibodies and HCMV infection during post transplant period among renal transplant patients in Baghdad. 43 renal transplant patients attending three renal transplantation centers, and 40 healthy individuals who served as controls were enrolled in this study. 18 (41.9%) were transplanted recently and they were under post-operative follow-up and 25 (58.1%) were transplanted more than one year ago. Detection of anti-HCMV IgG was carried out using enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). The results revealed that anti-HCMV IgG was significantly higher among renal transplant recipients compared to healthy controls (97.7% vs 85%, P = 0.04). The anti-HCMV IgG positivity rate was not affected by patients' age, sex, and duration after transplantation or immunosuppressive therapy. We conclude that the high anti-HCMV IgG positivity rate among Iraqi renal transplant recipients make them prone to considerable risk of reactivation of HCMV infection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/immunology*
  12. Fulltext Rubella outbreak amongst residential students in a military vocational school of Malaysia
    Yusof AB, Selvanesan S, Norizah I, Zuridah H, Kumarasamy V, Mariam M, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Aug;61(3):296-301.
    PMID: 17240579 MyJurnal
    An outbreak of rubella occurred amongst 303 newly recruited residential Form IV students in a military vocational training school in Malaysia. Of the 303 Form IV students, 77 gave a history of acute illness. Rubella specific IgM was detected in the sera of 46.5% (141/303) whereas rubella specific IgG was detected in 100% of all Form IV students. Sixty five students with no clinical history of acute illness during the outbreak period had detectable rubella IgM in their sera and rubella specific IgM was detected in the sera of all symptomatic students except one. Maculopapular rash was the commonest presenting clinical feature among students with acute rubella infection in this outbreak (97.4%) followed by fever (88.2%). The duration of rash ranged from one to nine days with a mean of 4.6 days. Of the 65 students that had both fever and rash, 56 (85.2%) students had maculopapular skin eruption on the same day as the date of onset of fever, six (9.2%) developed the rash a day after the onset of fever and three (4.6%) had the rash after two days of fever. The duration of fever ranged from one to eight days with a mean of 3.5 days. The duration of conjunctivitis ranged from one to four days with a mean of 2.3 days, and all those who developed conjunctivitis had mild eye-discharge without photophobia. The duration of arthralgia ranged from one to three days with a mean of 2.1 days. The commonest type of joints affected was knee joints (66.7%, 12/18), followed by elbow and shoulder joints (27.8%, 5/18) and wrist joints (5.6%, 1/18). A good clinical history of the temporal relationship between the occurrence of rash and fever during the outbreak could easily differentiate rubella illness from that of measles.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  13. International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
    Tan CT, Mao Z, Qiu W, Hu X, Wingerchuk DM, Weinshenker BG
    Neurology, 2016 Feb 2;86(5):491-2.
    PMID: 26833940 DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002366
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
  14. Recurrent respiratory tract infection due to isolated absence of IgA: report of a case
    Chia BL, Chew CH, Lee SK
    Med J Malaya, 1970 Mar;24(3):215-7.
    PMID: 4193671
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis*
  15. A Systematic Review and Meta-regression Analysis on the Impact of Increasing IgG Trough Level on Infection Rates in Primary Immunodeficiency Patients on Intravenous IgG Therapy
    Lee JL, Mohamed Shah N, Makmor-Bakry M, Islahudin FH, Alias H, Noh LM, et al.
    J Clin Immunol, 2020 07;40(5):682-698.
    PMID: 32417999 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-020-00788-5
    PURPOSE: We conducted a systematic review and meta-regression analysis to evaluate the impact of increasing immunoglobulin G (IgG) trough levels on the clinical outcomes in patients with PID receiving intravenous immunoglobulin G (IVIG) treatment.

    METHODS: Systematic search was conducted in PubMed and Cochrane. Other relevant articles were searched by reviewing the references of the reviewed article. All clinical trials with documented IgG trough levels and clinical outcome of interest in patients receiving IVIG treatment were eligible to be included in this review. Meta-regression analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta-analysis Software. Additional sensitivity analyses were undertaken to evaluate the robustness of the overall results.

    RESULTS: Twenty-eight clinical studies with 1218 patients reported from year 2001 to 2018 were included. The mean IVIG dose used ranges from 387 to 560 mg/kg every 3 to 4 weekly, and mean IgG trough obtained ranges from 660 to 1280 mg/dL. Random-effects meta-regression slope shows that IgG trough level increases significantly by 73 mg/dL with every increase of 100 mg/kg dose of IVIG (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/metabolism*
  16. Normal plasma-immunoglobulin levels in Malaysians
    Yadav M, Shah FH
    Lancet, 1973 Aug 25;2(7826):450-1.
    PMID: 4124938
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis
  17. Normal serum immunoglobulin G, A and M levels in full term Malaysian newborns
    Yadav M, Shah FH
    Med J Malaysia, 1979 Mar;33(3):247-51.
    PMID: 522730
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/analysis*
  18. Serum immunoglobin A. G and M levels in blood donors of four racial groups in Malaysia
    Yadav M, Shah FH
    Trop Geogr Med, 1977 Sep;29(3):245-50.
    PMID: 595130
    Serum levels were determined in urban Chinese, Malays and Indians and in the forest-residing Orang Asli of age group 11 to 50. There was no difference in the IgM levels in the Chinese, Indians and Malays, but the serum IgG was elevated (p less than 0.05) in the Malays and the serum IgA level (p less than 0.01) in the Indians, when compared to the other two races. In contrast to the three other races there was a significant elevation of all three immunoglobulins in the Orang Asli. The mean immunoglobulin levels of the urban Malaysians are comparable to those reported for Caucasians residing in temperate countries. However, in the Orang Asli, the immunoglobulin levels were higher than observed for populations of the temperate regions but are comparable to the levels reported for several other populations of the tropical regions. Females had higher IgM levels than males in the Chinese, Indian and Malays but in the Orang Asli there was no sex difference in the immunoglobulin levels.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin A*; Immunoglobulin G*; Immunoglobulin M*
  19. Preliminary study on serum immunoglobulin G responses following intramuscular inoculation of adjuvanted polyhydroxyalkanoate microparticles with Pasteurella multocida vaccine in white rats
    Mohamed S, May Amelia TS, Abdullah Amirul AA, Abdul Wahid ME, Bhubalan K
    Biologicals, 2021 Jun;71:51-54.
    PMID: 33858743 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2021.03.002
    A natural biodegradable polymer, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), was adjuvanted with a vaccine seed to observe the biomaterial's ability in enhancing an immune response in rats. The adjuvant potential of PHA was tested using the whole-killed Pasteurella multocida B:2 (PMB2) vaccine in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats to detect changes in serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) responses. A common PHA, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)], from Bacillus megaterium UMTKB-1 was constructed into microparticles using the solvent evaporation method. Twelve SD rats were divided into four treatment groups: 1) non-treatment as negative control, 2) P(3HB) adjuvant, 3) PMB2 vaccine, and 4) adjuvanted-P(3HB)/PMB2 vaccine groups, which were intramuscularly vaccinated twice. Immunoglobulins IgG and IgM levels were used as markers of the immune response induced by the adjuvanted-P(3HB)/PMB2 vaccine and analysed over an eight-week study period. The group vaccinated specifically with adjuvanted-P(3HB)/PMB2 vaccine had higher concentrations of immunoglobulins compared to other treatment groups, hence demonstrating the potential of the adjuvant to enhance immune response. Findings showed a need to delay the delivery of the second booster dose to determine the appropriate regime for the adjuvanted-P(3HB)/PMB2 vaccine.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood*
  20. Dengue in pregnancy
    Ismail NA, Kampan N, Mahdy ZA, Jamil MA, Razi ZR
    Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 2006 Jul;37(4):681-3.
    PMID: 17121293
    This was a retrospective study of patients with dengue infection in pregnancy from year 2000 till 2004. Data were analyzed by looking at the presentation, complications of patient and fetus, and pregnancy outcomes. There was a total of 16 cases with an increasing trend (0.12% in 2003 vs 0.25% in 2004). The mean age of patients was 30.19+/-6.85 years. Fifty percent of patients were multiparae and in their third trimester. The average gestation was 24.44 weeks with 7.5 days being the average duration of ward admission. Tourniquet test was positive in 62.5% of patients. Dengue serology IgM was positive in 50% whereas dengue serology IgG were positive in 68.8% of patients. There were three cases of maternal death. One patient presented as missed abortion. Preterm deliveries happened in 50.0% of the women. There were 4 premature babies, one in-utero fetal death, and two fetuses which suffered acute fetal distress. Three babies required intensive care. One unrelated fetal anomaly resulted in early neonatal death.
    Matched MeSH terms: Immunoglobulin G/blood
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