MyMedR

Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 133 in total

Abstract:

Sort:

Development of graphene based nanocomposites towards medical and biological applications

Mousavi SM, Low FW, Hashemi SA, Lai CW, Ghasemi Y, Soroshnia S, et al.

Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol, 2020 Dec;48(1):1189-1205.
PMID: 32930615 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2020.1817052

Graphene and its derivative materials present high potential towards medical and biological applications, including drug delivery and bioimaging, due to their exceptional properties such as thermal conductivity and high specific surface area. The main focus of this work is to review the current development of graphene materials and the derivatives for biocompatible, bioimaging and drug delivery applications. Also, the synthesis methods with variation of graphene nanocomposites and the functionalisation will be further explained. For the graphene approaches, chemical vapour deposition (CVD) is the best-known technique to make high-quality graphene sheet by growth route with mass production. By considering the organic graphene nanocomposites, the biocompatibility and cytotoxic effects against graphene nanocomposites were evaluated for biomedical employments such as high quality bioimaging and effective drug delivery for cancer treatments. For example, graphene oxide incorporated with PEG and loaded with SN 38 for camptothecin analolgue as anticancer drug and revealed high cytotoxicity has an effect of 1000 times better effect than CPT in HCT-116 cells. Their drug delivery ability for both in-vivo and in-vitro applications compared to the controlled drugs such as doxorubicin (DOX) will be discussed accordingly. The graphene and its deriavatives possess some intriguing properties, which will lead to drug delivery due to strong biocompatibility and cyctotoxic effect towards biomedicine applications.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry*
A review of the applications of organo-functionalized magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposites for heavy metal adsorption

Sherlala AIA, Raman AAA, Bello MM, Asghar A

Chemosphere, 2018 Feb;193:1004-1017.
PMID: 29874727 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.093

Graphene-based adsorbents have attracted wide interests as effective adsorbents for heavy metals removal from the environment. Due to their excellent electrical, mechanical, optical and transport properties, graphene and its derivatives such as graphene oxide (GO) have found various applications. However, in many applications, surface modification is necessary as pristine graphene/GO may be ineffective in some specific applications such as adsorption of heavy metal ions. Consequently, the modification of graphene/GO using various metals and non-metals is an ongoing research effort in the carbon-material realm. The use of organic materials represents an economical and environmentally friendly approach in modifying GO for environmental applications such as heavy metal adsorption. This review discusses the applications of organo-functionalized GO composites for the adsorption of heavy metals. The aspects reviewed include the commonly used organic materials for modifying GO, the performance of the modified composites in heavy metals adsorption, effects of operational parameters, adsorption mechanisms and kinetic, as well as the stability of the adsorbents. Despite the significant research efforts on GO modification, many aspects such as the interaction between the functional groups and the heavy metal ions, and the quantitative effect of the functional groups are yet to be fully understood. The review, therefore, offers some perspectives on the future research needs.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry*
Fulltext Reduced graphene oxide anodes for potential application in algae biophotovoltaic platforms

Ng FL, Jaafar MM, Phang SM, Chan Z, Salleh NA, Azmi SZ, et al.

Sci Rep, 2014;4:7562.
PMID: 25531093 DOI: 10.1038/srep07562

The search for renewable energy sources has become challenging in the current era, as conventional fuel sources are of finite origins. Recent research interest has focused on various biophotovoltaic (BPV) platforms utilizing algae, which are then used to harvest solar energy and generate electrical power. The majority of BPV platforms incorporate indium tin oxide (ITO) anodes for the purpose of charge transfer due to its inherent optical and electrical properties. However, other materials such as reduced graphene oxide (RGO) could provide higher efficiency due to their intrinsic electrical properties and biological compatibility. In this work, the performance of algae biofilms grown on RGO and ITO anodes were measured and discussed. Results indicate improved peak power of 0.1481 mWm(-2) using the RGO electrode and an increase in efficiency of 119%, illustrating the potential of RGO as an anode material for applications in biofilm derived devices and systems.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry*
Fulltext Mechanical and in vitro biological performance of graphene nanoplatelets reinforced calcium silicate composite

Mehrali M, Moghaddam E, Seyed Shirazi SF, Baradaran S, Mehrali M, Latibari ST, et al.

PLoS One, 2014;9(9):e106802.
PMID: 25229540 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106802

Calcium silicate (CaSiO3, CS) ceramic composites reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) were prepared using hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at 1150°C. Quantitative microstructural analysis suggests that GNP play a role in grain size and is responsible for the improved densification. Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that GNP survived the harsh processing conditions of the selected HIP processing parameters. The uniform distribution of 1 wt.% GNP in the CS matrix, high densification and fine CS grain size help to improve the fracture toughness by ∼130%, hardness by ∼30% and brittleness index by ∼40% as compared to the CS matrix without GNP. The toughening mechanisms, such as crack bridging, pull-out, branching and deflection induced by GNP are observed and discussed. The GNP/CS composites exhibit good apatite-forming ability in the simulated body fluid (SBF). Our results indicate that the addition of GNP decreased pH value in SBF. Effect of addition of GNP on early adhesion and proliferation of human osteoblast cells (hFOB) was measured in vitro. The GNP/CS composites showed good biocompatibility and promoted cell viability and cell proliferation. The results indicated that the cell viability and proliferation are affected by time and concentration of GNP in the CS matrix.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry*
Fulltext Mechanical and Chemical Characterization of a TiC/C System Synthesized Using a Focus Plasma Arc

Mahmoodian R, Hamdi M, Hassan MA, Akbari A

PLoS One, 2015;10(6):e0130836.
PMID: 26111217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130836

Titanium carbide-graphite (TiC/C) composite was successfully synthesized from Ti and C starting elemental powders using self-propagating high-temperature synthesis technique in an ultra-high plasma inert medium in a single stage. The TiC was exposed to a high-temperature inert medium to allow recrystallization. The product was then characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Rietveld refinement, nanoindentation, and micro-hardness to determine the product's properties. The recorded micro-hardness of the product was 3660 HV, which is a 14% enhancement and makes is comparable to TiC materials.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry*
Novel alkaline-reduced cuprous oxide/graphene nanocomposites for non-enzymatic amperometric glucose sensor application

Yazid SNAM, Isa IM, Hashim N

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2016 Nov 01;68:465-473.
PMID: 27524043 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.06.006

This paper presents the fabrication of a highly sensitive and selective glucose sensor based on cuprous oxide/graphene nanocomposites-modified glassy carbon electrode (Cu2O/graphene/GCE). The Cu2O/graphene nanocomposites were synthesized based on a simple and straightforward chemical reduction process in alkaline aqueous solution using sodium carbonate as reductant. The size and shape of Cu2O nanoparticles on graphene sheets can be controlled by changing the amount of graphene oxide added during reaction. The electrochemical properties of Cu2O/graphene/GCE in 0.1M phosphate buffer solution were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. It was found that the pH, concentration of supporting electrolyte, and scan rate had very crucial effect on the sensitivity of prepared sensor towards glucose oxidation. At an applied potential of +0.50V, the Cu2O/graphene/GCE presented a high sensitivity of 1330.05μAmM(-1)cm(-2) and fast response (within 3s). The amperometric non-enzymatic glucose sensor developed had a linear relationship from 0.01mM to 3.0mM glucose and detection limit of 0.36μM. In the presence of ascorbic acid, uric acid, dopamine, chloride and citrate ion and other carbohydrates, the interferences were negligible. The proposed sensor was successfully applied for the determination of glucose concentration in real human blood samples.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry*
Fulltext A Novel Adsorbent Magnetic Graphene Oxide Modified with Chitosan for the Simultaneous Reduction of Mycotoxins

Abbasi Pirouz A, Abedi Karjiban R, Abu Bakar F, Selamat J

Toxins (Basel), 2018 09 06;10(9).
PMID: 30200553 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10090361

A novel magnetic graphene oxide modified with chitosan (MGO-CTS) was synthesised as an adsorbent aimed to examine the simultaneous removal of mycotoxins. The composite was characterised by various procedures, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The adsorption evaluation was considered via pH effects, initial mycotoxin concentration, adsorption time and temperature. Adsorption isotherm data and kinetics experiments were acquired at the optimum pH 5 fit Freundlich isotherm as well as pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The thermodynamic results indicated that the adsorption of the mycotoxins was spontaneous, endothermic and favourable.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry*
Graphene-based electrochemical biosensors for monitoring noncommunicable disease biomarkers

Taniselass S, Arshad MKM, Gopinath SCB

Biosens Bioelectron, 2019 Apr 01;130:276-292.
PMID: 30771717 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.01.047

Graphene is a 2-dimensional nanomaterial with an atomic thickness has attracted a strong scientific interest owing to their remarkable optical, electronic, thermal, mechanical and electrochemical properties. Graphene-based materials particularly graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide are widely utilized in various applications ranging from food industry, environmental monitoring and biomedical fields as well as in the development of various types of biosensing devices. The richness in oxygen functional groups in the materials serves as a catalysis for the development of biosensors/electrochemical biosensors which promotes for an attachment of biological recognition elements, surface functionalization and compatible with micro- and nano- bio-environment. In this review, the graphene-based materials application in electrochemical biosensors based on recent advancement (e.g; the surface modification and analytical performances) and the utilization of such biosensors to monitor the noncommunicable diseases are presented. The detection performances of the graphene-based electrochemical biosensors are in the range of ng/mL and have reached up to fg/mL in detecting the targets of NCDs with higher selectivity, sensitivity and stability with good reproducibility attributes. We have discussed the advances while addressing the very specific biomarkers for the NCDs detection. Challenges and possible future research directions for the NCDs detection based on graphene nanocomposite with other 2D nanomaterials are outlined.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry
2D Graphene oxide (GO) doped p-n type BiOI/Bi2WO6 as a novel composite for photodegradation of bisphenol A (BPA) in aqueous solutions under UV-vis irradiation

Mengting Z, Kurniawan TA, Yanping Y, Avtar R, Othman MHD

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2020 Mar;108:110420.
PMID: 31924000 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110420

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a refractory pollutant presents in water body that possesses serious threats to living organisms. To deal with it, we investigate and evaluate the effectiveness of GO@BiOI/Bi2WO6 composite as a novel photocatalyst for BPA removal from aqueous solutions under UV-vis irradiation. To enhance its removal for BPA, the surface of BiOI/Bi2WO6 is modified with graphene oxide (GO). This composite is named as 'GO@BiOI/Bi2WO6'. Changes in its physico-chemical properties after surface modification with GO are characterized by XRD, FTIR, FESEM-EDS, XPS, PL, and BET methods. Optimized conditions of BPA degradation by the composite are determined under identical conditions. Photodegradation pathways of BPA and its removal mechanisms by the same composite are presented. It is obvious that the GO@BiOI/Bi2WO6 has demonstrated its potential as a promising photocatalyst for BPA removal under UV-vis irradiation. About 81% of BPA removal is attained by the GO@BiOI/Bi2WO6 under optimized conditions (10 mg/L of BPA, 0.5 g/L of dose, pH 7 and 5 h of reaction time). The oxidation by-products of BPA degradation include p-hydroquinone or 4-(1-hydroxy-1-methyl-ethyl)-phenol. In spite of its performance, the treated effluents are still unable to meet the maximum discharge limit of <1 mg/L set by national legislation. Therefore, subsequent biological processes are essential to maximize its biodegradation in the wastewater samples before their discharge into waterbody.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry*
Fulltext Optical and Thermal Properties of Laser-Ablated Platinum Nanoparticles Graphene Oxide Composite

Sadrolhosseini AR, Habibiasr M, Shafie S, Solaimani H, Lim HN

Int J Mol Sci, 2019 Dec 06;20(24).
PMID: 31817593 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246153

Platinum nanoparticles were synthesized in graphene oxide aqueous solution using a laser ablation technique to investigate the effect of optical linear, nonlinear and thermal properties of platinum-graphene oxide nanocomposite solution. The samples were prepared with different ablation times. The platinum nanoparticles that formed a spherical shape on the surface of graphene oxide solution were authenticated using UV-visible spectrum and transmission electron microscopy patterns. The particle size decreased with increasing ablation time, and the concentration and volume fraction of samples were increased. To obtain the optical linear, nonlinear and thermal properties of platinum-graphene oxide nanocomposite solution, UV-visible spectroscopy, Z-scan, thermal lens and photoacoustic techniques were used. Consequently, the linear and nonlinear refractive indices increased with an increase in the volume fraction of platinum nanoparticles. It was observed from the spatial self-phase modulation patterns that, the optical nonlinear property of the graphene oxide was enhanced in the presence of platinum nanoparticles, and the nonlinearity increased with an increase in the volume fraction of platinum nanoparticles inside the graphene oxide solution. The thermal diffusivity and thermal effusivity of platinum nanoparticles graphene oxide were measured using a thermal lens and photoacoustic methods, respectively. The thermal diffusivity and thermal effusivity of samples were in the range of 0.0341 × 10-5 m2/s to 0.1223 × 10-5 m2/s and 0.163 W s1/2 cm-2 K-1 to 0.3192 W s1/2 cm-2 K-1, respectively. Consequently, the platinum enhanced the optical and thermal properties of graphene oxide.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry*
Fulltext An investigation of the stirring duration effect on synthesized graphene oxide for dye-sensitized solar cells

Yau XH, Low FW, Khe CS, Lai CW, Tiong SK, Amin N

PLoS One, 2020;15(2):e0228322.
PMID: 32012195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228322

This study investigates the effects of stirring duration on the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) using an improved Hummers' method. Various samples are examined under different stirring durations (20, 40, 60, 72, and 80 h). The synthesized GO samples are evaluated through X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy. The GO sample with 72 h stirring duration (GO72) has the highest d-spacing in the XRD results, highest atomic percentage of oxygen in EDX (49.57%), highest intensity of oxygen functional group in FTIR spectra, and highest intensity ratio in Raman analysis (ID/IG = 0.756). Results show that GO72 with continuous stirring has the highest degree of oxidation among other samples. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis shows that GO72-titanium dioxide (TiO2) exhibits smaller charge transfer resistance and higher electron lifetime compared with the TiO2-based photoanode. The GO72 sample incorporating TiO2 nanocomposites achieves 6.25% photoconversion efficiency, indicating an increase of more than twice than that of the mesoporous TiO2 sample. This condition is fully attributed to the efficient absorption rate of nanocomposites and the reduction of the recombination rate of TiO2 by GO in dye-sensitized solar cells.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry*
Fulltext Exceedingly biocompatible and thin-layered reduced graphene oxide nanosheets using an eco-friendly mushroom extract strategy

Muthoosamy K, Bai RG, Abubakar IB, Sudheer SM, Lim HN, Loh HS, et al.

Int J Nanomedicine, 2015;10:1505-19.
PMID: 25759577 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S75213

PURPOSE: A simple, one-pot strategy was used to synthesize reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets by utilizing an easily available over-the-counter medicinal and edible mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum.
METHODS: The mushroom was boiled in hot water to liberate the polysaccharides, the extract of which was then used directly for the reduction of graphene oxide. The abundance of polysaccharides present in the mushroom serves as a good reducing agent. The proposed strategy evades the use of harmful and expensive chemicals and avoids the typical tedious reaction methods.
RESULTS: More importantly, the mushroom extract can be easily separated from the product without generating any residual byproducts and can be reused at least three times with good conversion efficiency (75%). It was readily dispersible in water without the need of ultrasonication or any surfactants; whereas 5 minutes of ultrasonication with various solvents produced RGO which was stable for the tested period of 1 year. Based on electrochemical measurements, the followed method did not jeopardize RGO's electrical conductivity. Moreover, the obtained RGO was highly biocompatible to not only colon (HT-29) and brain (U87MG) cancer cells, but was also viable towards normal cells (MRC-5).
CONCLUSION: Besides being eco-friendly, this mushroom based approach is easily scalable and demonstrates remarkable RGO stability and biocompatibility, even without any form of functionalization.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry*
Fulltext Simultaneous electrochemical detection of dopamine and ascorbic acid using an iron oxide/reduced graphene oxide modified glassy carbon electrode

Peik-See T, Pandikumar A, Nay-Ming H, Hong-Ngee L, Sulaiman Y

Sensors (Basel), 2014;14(8):15227-43.
PMID: 25195850 DOI: 10.3390/s140815227

The fabrication of an electrochemical sensor based on an iron oxide/graphene modified glassy carbon electrode (Fe3O4/rGO/GCE) and its simultaneous detection of dopamine (DA) and ascorbic acid (AA) is described here. The Fe3O4/rGO nanocomposite was synthesized via a simple, one step in-situ wet chemical method and characterized by different techniques. The presence of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on the surface of rGO sheets was confirmed by FESEM and TEM images. The electrochemical behavior of Fe3O4/rGO/GCE towards electrocatalytic oxidation of DA was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) analysis. The electrochemical studies revealed that the Fe3O4/rGO/GCE dramatically increased the current response against the DA, due to the synergistic effect emerged between Fe3O4 and rGO. This implies that Fe3O4/rGO/GCE could exhibit excellent electrocatalytic activity and remarkable electron transfer kinetics towards the oxidation of DA. Moreover, the modified sensor electrode portrayed sensitivity and selectivity for simultaneous determination of AA and DA. The observed DPVs response linearly depends on AA and DA concentration in the range of 1-9 mM and 0.5-100 µM, with correlation coefficients of 0.995 and 0.996, respectively. The detection limit of (S/N = 3) was found to be 0.42 and 0.12 µM for AA and DA, respectively.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry*
Synthesis and applications of graphene-based TiO(2) photocatalysts

Tan LL, Chai SP, Mohamed AR

ChemSusChem, 2012 Oct;5(10):1868-82.
PMID: 22987439 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201200480

Graphene is one of the most promising materials in the field of nanotechnology and has attracted a tremendous amount of research interest in recent years. Due to its large specific surface area, high thermal conductivity, and superior electron mobility, graphene is regarded as an extremely attractive component for the preparation of composite materials. At the same time, the use of photocatalysts, particularly TiO(2), has also been widely studied for their potential in addressing various energy and environmental-related issues. However, bare TiO(2) suffers from low efficiency and a narrow light-response range. Therefore, the combination of graphene and TiO(2) is currently one of the most active interdisciplinary research areas and demonstrations of photocatalytic enhancement are abundant. This Review presents and discusses the current development of graphene-based TiO(2) photocatalysts. The theoretical framework of the composite, the synthetic strategies for the preparation and modification of graphene-based TiO(2) photocatalysts, and applications of the composite are reviewed, with particular attention on the photodegradation of pollutants and photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen generation.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry*
Fulltext Simple room-temperature preparation of high-yield large-area graphene oxide

Huang NM, Lim HN, Chia CH, Yarmo MA, Muhamad MR

Int J Nanomedicine, 2011;6:3443-8.
PMID: 22267928 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S26812

Graphene has attracted much attention from researchers due to its interesting mechanical, electrochemical, and electronic properties. It has many potential applications such as polymer filler, sensor, energy conversion, and energy storage devices. Graphene-based nanocomposites are under an intense spotlight amongst researchers. A large amount of graphene is required for preparation of such samples. Lately, graphene-based materials have been the target for fundamental life science investigations. Despite graphene being a much sought-after raw material, the drawbacks in the preparation of graphene are that it is a challenge amongst researchers to produce this material in a scalable quantity and that there is a concern about its safety. Thus, a simple and efficient method for the preparation of graphene oxide (GO) is greatly desired to address these problems. In this work, one-pot chemical oxidation of graphite was carried out at room temperature for the preparation of large-area GO with ~100% conversion. This high-conversion preparation of large-area GO was achieved using a simplified Hummer's method from large graphite flakes (an average flake size of 500 μm). It was found that a high degree of oxidation of graphite could be realized by stirring graphite in a mixture of acids and potassium permanganate, resulting in GO with large lateral dimension and area, which could reach up to 120 μm and ~8000 μm(2), respectively. The simplified Hummer's method provides a facile approach for the preparation of large-area GO.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry
Low temperature followed by matrix solid-phase dispersion-sonication procedure for the determination of multiclass pesticides in palm oil using LC-TOF-MS

Sobhanzadeh E, Abu Bakar NK, Bin Abas MR, Nemati K

J Hazard Mater, 2011 Feb 28;186(2-3):1308-13.
PMID: 21177032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.001

A simple and effective multiresidue method based on precipitation at low temperature followed by matrix solid-phase dispersion-sonication was developed and validated to determine dimethoate, malathion, carbaryl, simazine, terbuthylazine, atrazine and diuron in palm oil using liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS). Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) followed by low temperature method were optimized by studying the effect of type and volume of organic solvent (acetonitrile, acetonitrile:n-hexane (3:2 v/v) and acetone) and time of freezing to obtain high recovery yield and low co-extract fat residue in the final extract. The optimal conditions for matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) were obtained using 5 g of palm oil, 2 g of primary secondary amine (PSA) as dispersing sorbent, 1 g of graphitized carbon black (GCB) as clean-up sorbent and 15 mL of acetonitrile as eluting solvent under conditions of 15 min ultrasonication at room temperature. Method validation was performed in order to study sensitivity, linearity, precision, and accuracy. Average recoveries at three concentration levels (25, 50 and 100 μg kg(-1)) were found in the range of 72.6-91.3% with relative standard deviations between 5.3% and 14.2%. Detection and quantification limits ranged from 1.5 to 5 μg kg(-1) and from 2.5 to 9 μg kg(-1), respectively.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry
Fulltext Photonic crystal fiber-based surface plasmon resonance sensor with selective analyte channels and graphene-silver deposited core

Rifat AA, Mahdiraji GA, Chow DM, Shee YG, Ahmed R, Adikan FR

Sensors (Basel), 2015;15(5):11499-510.
PMID: 25996510 DOI: 10.3390/s150511499

We propose a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with selectively filled analyte channels. Silver is used as the plasmonic material to accurately detect the analytes and is coated with a thin graphene layer to prevent oxidation. The liquid-filled cores are placed near to the metallic channel for easy excitation of free electrons to produce surface plasmon waves (SPWs). Surface plasmons along the metal surface are excited with a leaky Gaussian-like core guided mode. Numerical investigations of the fiber's properties and sensing performance are performed using the finite element method (FEM). The proposed sensor shows maximum amplitude sensitivity of 418 Refractive Index Units (RIU-1) with resolution as high as 2.4 × 10(-5) RIU. Using the wavelength interrogation method, a maximum refractive index (RI) sensitivity of 3000 nm/RIU in the sensing range of 1.46-1.49 is achieved. The proposed sensor is suitable for detecting various high RI chemicals, biochemical and organic chemical analytes. Additionally, the effects of fiber structural parameters on the properties of plasmonic excitation are investigated and optimized for sensing performance as well as reducing the sensor's footprint.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry*
Current state of green reduction strategies: Solution-processed reduced graphene oxide for healthcare biodetection

Taniselass S, Md Arshad MK, Gopinath SCB

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2019 Mar;96:904-914.
PMID: 30606604 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.11.062

Reduction of graphene oxide becomes an alternative way to produce a scalable graphene and the resulting nanomaterial namely reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has been utilized in a wide range of potential applications. In this article, the level of green reduction strategies, especially the solution-based reduction methods are overviewed based on recent progression, to get insights towards biomedical applications. The degrees of gaining tips with the solution-based green reduction methods, conditions, complexity and the resulting rGO characteristics have been elucidated comparatively. Moreover, the application of greenly produced rGO in electrochemical biosensors has been elucidated as well as their electrical performance in term of linear range and limit of detections for various healthcare biological analytes. In addition, the characterization scheme for graphene-based materials and the analyses on the reduction especially for the solution-based green reduction methods are outlined for the future endeavours.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry*
3D Flower-Like FeWO4/CeO2 Hierarchical Architectures on rGO for Durable and High-Performance Microalgae Biophotovoltaic Fuel Cells

Karthikeyan C, Jenita Rani G, Ng FL, Periasamy V, Pappathi M, Jothi Rajan M, et al.

Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 2020 Nov;192(3):751-769.
PMID: 32557232 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03352-4

A facile chemical reduction approach is adopted for the synthesis of iron tungstate (FeWO4)/ceria (CeO2)-decorated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposite. Surface morphological studies of rGO/FeWO4/CeO2 composite reveal the formation of hierarchical FeWO4 flower-like microstructures on rGO sheets, in which the CeO2 nanoparticles are decorated over the FeWO4 microstructures. The distinct anodic peaks observed for the cyclic voltammograms of studied electrodes under light/dark regimes validate the electroactive proteins present in the microalgae. With the cumulative endeavors of three-dimensional FeWO4 microstructures, phase effect between rGO sheet and FeWO4/CeO2, highly exposed surface area, and light harvesting property of CeO2 nanoparticles, the relevant rGO/FeWO4/CeO2 nanocomposite demonstrates high power and stable biophotovoltaic energy generation compared with those of previous reports. Thus, these findings construct a distinct horizon to tailor a ternary nanocomposite with high electrochemical activity for the construction of cost-efficient and environmentally benign fuel cells.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry*
Functionalization of magnetic chitosan with graphene oxide for removal of cationic and anionic dyes from aqueous solution

Gul K, Sohni S, Waqar M, Ahmad F, Norulaini NAN, A K MO

Carbohydr Polym, 2016 Nov 05;152:520-531.
PMID: 27516300 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.06.045

In the present study, we decorated chitosan (©) with Fe3O4 nanoparticles followed by cross-linking with GO to prepare Fe3O4 supported chitosan-graphene oxide composite (Fe3O4©-GO). Different properties of synthesized material were investigated by SEM, XRD, FTIR, TGA and EDX. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to remove toxic cationic and anionic dyes from industrial wastewater. To maximize removal efficiency of composite material, effect of pH (4-12), time (0-80min), Fe3O4©-GO dosage (2-10mg), initial dye concentration (2-30μgmL̄ (1)) and temperature (303, 313, and 323K) were studied. The uptake of dyes presented relatively fast adsorption kinetics with pseudo-second-order equation as the best fitting model. To understand the interaction of dye with adsorbent, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm were applied. Thermodynamic studies were conducted to calculate the changes in free energy (ΔG(0)), enthalpy (ΔH(0)) and entropy (ΔS(0)). In view of practical application, the influence of ionic strength, recycling as well as investigations based on percent recoveries from spiked real water samples were also taken into account.

Matched MeSH terms: Graphite/chemistry*

Filters

Please provide feedback to Administrator ([email protected])

External Links