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Penemuan zon himpunan pseudoalbaillella globosa (radiolaria) di pos blau, baratdaya Kelantan, semenanjung Malaysia dan implikasinya terhadap biostratigrafi radiolaria

Mohd Shafeea Leman, Khor Wei Chung, Muhammad Ashahadi Dzulkafli

Sains Malaysiana, 2017;46:2349-2357.

Fosil radiolaria yang terawet dengan agak baik telah ditemui di dalam lapisan rijang yang tersingkap di km 38, lebuhraya Gua Musang-Cameron Highland, berdekatan dengan Pos Blau, baratdaya Kelantan, Semenanjung Malaysia. Sebanyak 20 spesies fosil radiolaria telah dikenal pasti. Spesies ini mewakili zon himpunanPseudoalbaillella globosa yang menunjukkan usia (Roadian) Awal Perm Tengah. Zon himpunan radiolaria ini merupakan rekod biostratigrafi yang baru untuk jujukan batuan bersilika di Pos Blau dan di dalam Zon Sutura Bentong-Raub.

Matched MeSH terms: Estrogens, Non-Steroidal
Leaching of bisphenol A from new and old babies' bottles, and new babies' feeding teats

Tan BL, Mustafa AM

Asia Pac J Public Health, 2003;15(2):118-23.
PMID: 15038686

Bisphenol A is the monomer used in the manufacture of polycarbonate. Bisphenol A is also known to mimic the female hormone estrogen. In this study, the possibility of the leaching of bisphenol A from polycarbonate babies' bottles and feeding teats was investigated. Bisphenol A was extracted from water samples exposed to the bottles and teats using liquid-liquid extraction. Bisphenol A was analysed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer with quadrapole detector in selected ion monitoring mode. Mean leaching of bisphenol A from 100 used babies' bottles when filled with water at 25 degrees C and 80 degrees C were 0.71 +/- 1.65 ng/cm2 (mean +/- standard deviation) and 3.37 +/- 5.68 ng/cm2 respectively. Mean leaching of bisphenol A from 30 new babies' bottles when filled with water at 25 degrees C and 80 degrees C were 0.03 +/- 0.02 ng/cm2 and 0.18 degrees 0.30 ng/cm2 respectively. Bisphenol A was observed to have leached from babies' feeding teats into 37 degrees C water ranged from non-detectable to 22.86 ng/g. The technique employed in this study is fast, reliable and economical.

Matched MeSH terms: Estrogens, Non-Steroidal/isolation & purification*
Beneficiary and Adverse Effects of Phytoestrogens: A Potential Constituent of Plant-based Diet

Sridevi V, Naveen P, Karnam VS, Reddy PR, Arifullah M

Curr Pharm Des, 2021;27(6):802-815.
PMID: 32942973 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826999200917154747

BACKGROUND: Phytoestrogens are non-endocrine, non-steroidal secondary derivatives of plants and consumed through a plant-based diet also named as "dietary estrogens". The major sources of phytoestrogens are soy and soy-based foods, flaxseed, chickpeas, green beans, dairy products, etc. The dietary inclusion of phytoestrogen based foods plays a crucial role in the maintenance of metabolic syndrome cluster, including obesity, diabetes, blood pressure, cancer, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, postmenopausal ailments and their complications. In recent days, phytoestrogens are the preferred molecules for hormone replacement therapy. On the other hand, they act as endocrine disruptors via estrogen receptor-mediated pathways. These effects are not restricted to adult males or females and identified even in development.
OBJECTIVE: Since phytoestrogenic occurrence is high at daily meals for most people worldwide, they focused to study for its beneficiary effects towards developing pharmaceutical drugs for treating various metabolic disorders by observing endocrine disruption.
CONCLUSION: The present review emphasizes the pros and cons of phytoestrogens on human health, which may help to direct the pharmaceutical industry to produce various phytoestrongen based drugs against various metabolic disorders.

Matched MeSH terms: Estrogens, Non-Steroidal*
Employing different types of phytoestrogens improve bone mineralization in bisphenol A stimulated osteoblast

Thent ZC, Froemming GRA, Ismail ABM, Fuad SBSA, Muid S

Life Sci, 2018 Oct 01;210:214-223.
PMID: 30145154 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.08.057

AIMS: Phytoestrogens and xenoestrogens act as agonists/antagonists in bone formation and differentiation. Strong bones are depending of the ability of osteoblasts to form new tissue and to mineralize the newly formed tissue. Dysfunctional or loss of mineralization leads to weak bone and increased fracture risk. In this study, we reported the effect of different types of phytoestrogens (daidzein, genistein and equol) on mineralization in hFOB 1.19 cells stimulated with bisphenol A (BPA).
MAIN METHODS: Cell mineralization capacity of phytoestrogens was investigated by evaluating calcium, phosphate content and alkaline phosphatase activity. Bone related markers, osteocalcin and osteonectin, responsible in maintaining mineralization were also measured.
KEY FINDINGS: BPA is significantly interfering with bone mineralization in hFOB 1.19 cells. However, the enhanced mineralization efficacy of daidzein and genistein (particularly at a dose of 5 and 40 μg/mL, respectively) was evidenced by increasing calcium and phosphate content, higher ALP activity, compared to the untreated BPA group. The quantitative analyses were confirmed through morphological findings. Osteocalcin and osteonectin levels were increased in phytoestrogens-treated cells. These findings revealed the potential effect of phytoestrogens in reverting the demineralization process due to BPA exposure in hFOB 1.19 cells.
SIGNIFICANCE: We found that osteoblast differentiation and mineralization were maintained following treatment with phytoestrogens under BPA exposure.

Matched MeSH terms: Estrogens, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
Assessment of pubertal development in juvenile male rats after sub-acute exposure to bisphenol A and nonylphenol

Tan BL, Kassim NM, Mohd MA

Toxicol Lett, 2003 Aug 28;143(3):261-70.
PMID: 12849686

The effects of bisphenol A and nonylphenol on pubertal development in the intact juvenile/peripubertal male Sprague-Dawley rats was observed in this study from PND23-52/53. Two groups of rats were administered orally with either 100 mg/kg body weight of nonylphenol or bisphenol A. Another group of rats were administered orally with a mixture of 100 mg/kg body weight of nonylphenol and bisphenol A. Control group was administered with the vehicle of Tween-80 with corn oil (1:9 v/v). Observations made in this study included growth, age at preputial separation, thyroid, liver, testis and kidney weight and histology, epididymal and seminal vesicle plus coagulation gland weight. Nonylphenol and bisphenol A have been observed to cause delay in puberty onset as well as testicular damage in the treatment groups when compared to the control; spermatogenesis was affected in most treated rats. Bisphenol A also caused the enlargement of the kidney and hydronephrosis. Administration of nonylphenol and bisphenol A as a mixture has caused less than additive effects.

Matched MeSH terms: Estrogens, Non-Steroidal/toxicity*
Fulltext Protective role of Ficus deltoidea against BPA-induced impairments of the follicular development, estrous cycle, gonadotropin and sex steroid hormones level of prepubertal rats

Zaid SSM, Othman S, Kassim NM

J Ovarian Res, 2018 Nov 26;11(1):99.
PMID: 30477542 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-018-0466-0

Ficus deltoidea is one of the well-known medicinal plants in Malaysia that is traditionally used by the Malay community to treat various ailments and for maintenance of female reproductive health. The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential protective roles of Ficus deltoidea against BPA-induced toxicity of the pituitary-ovarian axis in pre-pubertal female rats. In this study, four groups of pre-pubertal female Sprague Dawley rats were administered with the followings by oral gavage for a period of six weeks: NC (negative control- treated with vehicle), PC (positive control-treated with BPA at 10 mg/kg/BW), F (treated with Ficus deltoidea at 100 mg/kg/BW, then exposed to BPA at 10 mg/kg/BW) and FC (Ficus deltoidea control - treated with Ficus deltoidea at 100 mg/kg/BW). Daily vaginal smear, ovarian follicular development as well as gonadotropin and sexual-steroid hormone levels were determined. The findings showed that Ficus deltoidea demonstrated preventive role against BPA-induced toxicity on the ovaries. This was evident by the increased percentage of rats with normal estrous cycle, qualitatively reduced number of atretic follicles (as observed in histopathological examination) and normalization of the gonadotropins hormone (FSH) and sexual steroid hormone (progesterone) levels. In conclusion, Ficus deltoidea has the capability to prevent the effects of BPA toxicity in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis of prepubertal female reproductive system, possibly due to its variety of phytochemical properties. Therefore, these findings strongly support the traditional belief that this medicinal plant is beneficial as daily dietary supplement for the maintenance of female reproductive health.

Matched MeSH terms: Estrogens, Non-Steroidal/toxicity*