MyMedR

Intracranial calcifications. II. Pathologic anatomy

Arumugasamy N

Med J Malaya, 1966 Dec;21(2):149-60.

PMID: 4227386

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology*

Calcifying and keratinizing ameloblastoma of the maxilla

Siar CH, Ng KH

J Laryngol Otol, 1991 Nov;105(11):971-2.

PMID: 1722237

A case is described of ameloblastoma of maxilla presenting with numerous calcified keratin pearls. The significance of cellular variation in relation to the behavioural potential of the ameloblastoma in general is briefly discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology

Fulltext Calcified pseudomeningocele of the lumbar spine: a review

Narverud SF, Ramli NB, Chandran H, Ganesan D

Eur Spine J, 2013 May;22 Suppl 3:S443-9.

PMID: 23233216 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-012-2610-7

In this article, we review the English literature of calcified pseudomeningoceles in the lumbar region.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology*

Calcifying fibroblastic granuloma. A case report

Taiyeb Ali TB, Siar CH

J N Z Soc Periodontol, 1997.

PMID: 9522721

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology*

The combined epithelial odontogenic tumour in Malaysians

Siar CH, Ng KH

Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 1991 Apr;29(2):106-9.

PMID: 2049349

The combined epithelial odontogenic tumour represents a hybrid lesion comprising primarily areas of adenomatoid odontogenic tumour intermixed with foci of calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour. Five such cases retrieved from the files of the Division of Stomatology, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, and four others from the existing literature were analysed. A mean age of 18.8 years, a female preponderance (66.7%) with a male to female ratio of 1:2 and predilection for the mandible (55.6%) were observed. All cases were treated by conservative surgery and the lack of recurrence confirmed the innocuous nature of this lesion.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology

Fulltext Tumoral calcinosis misdiagnosed

Chai WL, Phang YH, Chong HC

International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2018;12(1):18-20.

MyJurnal

Tumoral calcinosis is an uncommon condition which has been described to exist in primary and secondary forms. A lack of awareness of this entity can lead to unnecessary procedures and incorrect management. We report a case of a patient on peritoneal dialysis who presented with multiple painful joint swellings to the orthopaedic department. An initial diagnosis of septic arthritis was made, then revised to chronic tophaceous gout and referred to the rheumatology unit.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology

Fulltext 3D-Printed Coronary Plaques to Simulate High Calcification in the Coronary Arteries for Investigation of Blooming Artifacts

Sun Z, Ng CKC, Wong YH, Yeong CH

Biomolecules, 2021 09 03;11(9).

PMID: 34572520 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091307

The diagnostic value of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is significantly affected by high calcification in the coronary arteries owing to blooming artifacts limiting its accuracy in assessing the calcified plaques. This study aimed to simulate highly calcified plaques in 3D-printed coronary models. A combination of silicone + 32.8% calcium carbonate was found to produce 800 HU, representing extensive calcification. Six patient-specific coronary artery models were printed using the photosensitive polyurethane resin and a total of 22 calcified plaques with diameters ranging from 1 to 4 mm were inserted into different segments of these 3D-printed coronary models. The coronary models were scanned on a 192-slice CT scanner with 70 kV, pitch of 1.4, and slice thickness of 1 mm. Plaque attenuation was measured between 1100 and 1400 HU. Both maximum-intensity projection (MIP) and volume rendering (VR) images (wide and narrow window widths) were generated for measuring the diameters of these calcified plaques. An overestimation of plaque diameters was noticed on both MIP and VR images, with measurements on the MIP images close to those of the actual plaque sizes (<10% deviation), and a large measurement discrepancy observed on the VR images (up to 50% overestimation). This study proves the feasibility of simulating extensive calcification in coronary arteries using a 3D printing technique to develop calcified plaques and generate 3D-printed coronary models.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology*

Fulltext Difficult intubation stylohyoid ligament calcification

Aris AM, Elegbe EO, Krishna R

Singapore Med J, 1992 Apr;33(2):204-5.

PMID: 1621133

Intubation was difficult and traumatic in a 40-year-old patient presented for emergency oesophagoscopy because the diagnosis of stylohyoid ligament calcification was not suspected. High probability of stylohyoid ligament calcification should be suspected when there is difficulty in lifting the epiglottis and fibre-optic laryngoscopy is suggested as the best way to tackle this problem to prevent trauma and possible risk of regurgitation and aspiration especially in emergency situation.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology*

Fulltext Anatomical and Radiological Findings of Abnormal Calcified Structures within and around the Foramen Transversarium and Its Clinical Implications

Chakravarthi KK, Nelluri V, Reghunadhan D, Sugavasi R

Ann Afr Med, 2024 Oct 01;23(4):641-648.

PMID: 39138967 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_73_24

BACKGROUND: The foramen transversarium is a vital anatomical structure found in the cervical vertebrae of the spine. Typically, it serves as a passageway for important neurovascular structures, including the vertebral artery and vein, as well as the vertebral nerve. However, abnormal calcification or ossification of soft tissues in and around this area can lead to various clinical implications. Understanding the presence and implications of abnormal ossified structures in and around the foramen transversarium is crucial for clinicians involved in the diagnosis and management of cervical spine disorders.

AIMS: Accordingly, this present study was designed to evaluate the abnormal ossified structures anatomically and radiologically within and around the foramen transversarium.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted on 182 (26 sets of cervical vertebrae) dried human cervical vertebrae obtained from the respective departments of anatomy and on 190 (95 males and 95 females) adult patients who visited the radiology department for neck-related problems such as stiff neck, neck/shoulder pain, dizziness, vertigo, imbalance, visual disturbances, and cognitive impairment.

RESULTS: Among 182 examined cervical vertebrae, unilateral complete accessory foramen transversarium was found in 23 vertebrae (12.63%), bilateral complete in 19 (10.44%), bilateral incomplete in 6 (3.29%), unilateral complete double in 4 (2.19%), and unilateral complete absence of foramen transversarium in 3 (1.64%). Stenosis due to aberrant osteophytes was noted in 9 vertebrae (4.9%). Out of 190 patients, three males presented with cervical kyphosis, severe spinal canal stenosis, and spinal cord compression due to ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament and osteophyte complexes at C3-C6, with the most significant compression at C5-C6.

CONCLUSION: A thorough understanding of abnormal ossifications in and around the foramen transversarium is crucial for the management of cervical spine disorders; imaging modalities such as X-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging are crucial for recognizing and intervening in these cases, which is essential to prevent adverse neurological outcomes associated with vertebral artery involvement.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology

Symptomatic calcifying pseudotumor of the thoracic spine that resolved with the indomethacin treatment: a case report

Kwan MK, Abdelhai AM, Saw LB, Chan CY

Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2012 Dec 15;37(26):E1676-9.

PMID: 23044619 DOI: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e318276b48c

Case report.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology

Silent bony calcification of coronaries in an adolescent--an unusual case

Murty OP, Mun KS, Hussin H

J Forensic Leg Med, 2008 Jan;15(1):37-41.

PMID: 18309549

This is a case report of 16-year-old adolescent school boy who died due to unusual calcification of coronary arteries. He died while cycling with his friends. While cycling fast he fell. He was brought dead to hospital. At times unsuspected cardiac lesions cause sudden death during extraneous physical activities in healthy persons. Sudden death in adolescents is not very common. It is an unusual case as apparently healthy adolescent boy actively participating in sports had stony hard coronary arteries. The coronaries showed advanced calcification and early bone formation. The myocardial septum had extensive fibrosis. The pathogenesis and other possible similar conditions are also discussed in the report.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology*

Fulltext Calcified vertical plate of the cricoid--a rare pitfall in the diagnosis of an oesophageal foreign body

Arasaratnam S, Abdullah BJJ, Fernandez V

Med J Malaysia, 1998 Sep;53(3):290-2.

PMID: 10968170

We present a case of rare pitfall in the diagnosis of an oesophageal foreign body due to the calcified vertical plate of the cricoid to highlight the need to be aware of this entity to avoid unnecessary morbidity.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology

Fibrous lesions of the gingiva: a histopathologic analysis of 204 cases

Zain RB, Fei YJ

Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol., 1990 Oct;70(4):466-70.

PMID: 2120653

Two hundred four cases of fibrous lesions of the gingiva were studied histologically for the presence of calcified tissue, the nature of the connective tissue, the type of keratinization, and the degree of epithelial thickness. Initially these lesions were subcategorized into four specific entities, namely fibrous epulis, fibroepithelial polyp, calcifying fibroblastic granuloma, and ossifying fibrous epulis. It was found that 46.5% of the lesions contained calcifications. The connective tissue was represented predominantly by either the collagenous type (50.5%) or the mixed (cellular and collagenous) type (44.6%). It was also found that 36% of the lesions were ulcerated, and, of these, 79.5% were associated with the cellular type of connective tissue and calcifications. In an attempt to subcategorize the fibrous lesions into specific entities, it was found that 32 cases (15.7%) had mixed features. This fact supports the suggestion that these lesions are stages in the spectrum of a single disease process and should collectively be termed fibroblastic gingival lesions. However, it is also suggested that the two terms, namely peripheral fibroma and fibrous epulis with and without ossification, should be retained whereas the usage of other terminologies should be avoided.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology

Large-cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumour with macrocalcification in partially resected testis of young adult patient

Potić Floranović M, Ristić Petrović A, Stojnev S, Potić M, Petrović F, Janković Veličkovic L

Malays J Pathol, 2018 Dec;40(3):343-348.

PMID: 30580367

INTRODUCTION: There are less than 100 cases of Large-cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumour (LCCSCT) reported in English literature. Most of them are benign, bilateral and affect paediatric population. Malignant cases occur in older patients. LCCSCT is often associated with Carney complex or Peutz-Jaghers syndrome. We present the clinicopathological features of a young adult, with unilateral "stone-like" LCCSCT, without changes in hormonal status and no clinical characteristics of noted genetic disorders.

CASE REPORT: A 24-year-old male presented with painless hardening of the right testis. There was no gynaecomastia, and serum levels of human chorionic gonadotropin and α-fetoprotein were normal. Ultrasound depicted hyperechogenic, clearly demarcated intratesticular lesion. Partial orchiectomy was performed. Macroscopically, tumour appeared as almost entirely calcified round mass, measuring 10 mm. Histopathological evaluation showed well-circumscribed, unencapsulated tumour composed of massive calcified geographic formations, surrounded with tumour cells. Neoplastic cells were large, polygonal, with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, and formed irregular cords, pseudo tubular structures, and nests in a fibrous and myxoid stroma, surrounded with lymphocytes. Other forms of calcification were also present: Needle-like deposits and lamellar, mulberry-like structures. There was no necrosis, mitotic activity and nuclear pleomorphism. Immunohistochemical study was positive for inhibin α and negative for Melan A, EMA, synaptophysin, chromogranin and AFP.

DISCUSSION: LCCSCT needs to be differentiated from other, more frequent, sex cord stromal tumours. Clinical and genetical evaluation of these patients had to be performed, due to connection of LCCSCT with genetic abnormalities. In evidently benign cases, organ-sparing surgery should be considered for younger patients, followed by long term follow-up.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology*

Brain calcification in patients with cerebral lupus

Raymond AA, Zariah AA, Samad SA, Chin CN, Kong NC

Lupus, 1996 Apr;5(2):123-8.

PMID: 8743125 DOI: 10.1177/096120339600500207

Cerebral lupus (CL) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with SLE. The brain CTs of 27 consecutive adult patients with SLE and various neurological presentations were reviewed. The median age and duration of neurological symptoms at the time of the brain CT were 30 years (range = 14-51 years) and six days (range = 1 day-22 years), respectively. Eleven patients (41%) had normal CTs. The abnormalities in the remaining patients could be divided into six categories: (a) cerebral atrophy alone (two patients); (b) calcification alone (three patients); (c) infarct(s) alone (five patients); (d) cerebral atrophy and calcification (three patients); (e) cerebral atrophy and infarct(s) (one patient) and (f) cerebral atrophy, calcification and infarct(s) (two patients). Altogether eight patients (30%) (age range = 17-47 years) had intracerebral calcification: the globus pallidus was involved in all, putamen in two, head of the caudate nucleus in one, thalamus in one, centrum semiovale in two and cerebellum in three patients. Two patients had extensive calcifications of most of the basal ganglia, centrum semiovale and cerebellum. There was no relationship between the presence/degree of calcification and age of patients/duration or type of neurological presentation. The pathogenesis of cerebral calcification in CL is unknown. Cerebral lupus must now be included in the differential diagnosis of intracerebral calcification.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology*

Follow-up of B3 breast lesions without residual microcalcifications post vacuum-assisted biopsy, can contrast-enhanced digital mammography help?

Bicchierai G, Nori J, De Benedetto D, Boeri C, Vanzi E, Bianchi S, et al.

Breast J, 2020 02;26(2):299-302.

PMID: 31486197 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.13598

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology

Fulltext Diagnostic accuracy of tomosynthesis-guided vacuum assisted breast biopsy of ultrasound occult lesions

Bohan S, Ramli Hamid MT, Chan WY, Vijayananthan A, Ramli N, Kaur S, et al.

Sci Rep, 2021 01 08;11(1):129.

PMID: 33420200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80124-4

This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of digital breast tomosynthesis-guided vacuum assisted breast biopsy (DBT-VABB) of screening detected suspicious mammographic abnormalities comprising of calcifications, asymmetric densities, architectural distortions and spiculated masses. In this institutionally approved study, a total of 170 (n = 170) DBT-VABB were performed, 153 (90%) were for calcifications, 8 (4.7%) for spiculated mass, 5 (2.9%) for asymmetric density and 4 (2.4%) for architectural distortion. All these lesions were not detected on the corresponding ultrasound. Histopathology results revealed 140 (82.4%) benign, 9 (5.3%) borderline and 21 (12.4%) malignant lesions. The total upgrade rate at surgery was 40% for atypical ductal hyperplasia and 5.9% for ductal carcinoma in-situ. 3.6% discordant benign lesions showed no upgrade. DBT-VABB showed 100% specificity, 91.3% sensitivity and 100% positive predictive value (PPV) for detecting malignant lesions. The negative predictive value (NPV) was 80%. 2 (1.2%) patients had mild complications and 1 (0.6%) had severe pain. Our study showed that DBT-VABB was a safe and reliable method, with high sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV in the diagnosis of non-palpable benign and malignant breast lesions. Our data also confirmed the accuracy of DBT-VABB in detecting malignant lesions and we suggest further surgical excision in borderline lesions for a more accurate diagnostic evaluation.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology

Fulltext Curvelet based automatic segmentation of supraspinatus tendon from ultrasound image: a focused assistive diagnostic method

Gupta R, Elamvazuthi I, Dass SC, Faye I, Vasant P, George J, et al.

Biomed Eng Online, 2014;13:157.

PMID: 25471386 DOI: 10.1186/1475-925X-13-157

Disorders of rotator cuff tendons results in acute pain limiting the normal range of motion for shoulder. Of all the tendons in rotator cuff, supraspinatus (SSP) tendon is affected first of any pathological changes. Diagnosis of SSP tendon using ultrasound is considered to be operator dependent with its accuracy being related to operator's level of experience.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology

Morphometric analysis of epithelial components and dentinoid formation in non-neoplastic calcifying odontogenic cyst

Ng KH, Siar CH

J Nihon Univ Sch Dent, 1995 Sep;37(3):156-62.

PMID: 7490609

Calcifying odontogenic cysts (COCs) represent a group of lesions that may be broadly classified into two main entities: cysts and neoplasms. In the present study 30 non-neoplastic cystic COCs were examined by a quantitative histological method in an attempt to calibrate the relative distribution of the type of epithelial lining, intensity of ghost cell formation and the amount of dentinoid present. The results showed that there are two main types of cystic COC: an odontoma-producing type and a non-odontoma-producing variant. Morphologically, tooth-like structures were a valid distinguishing feature, while morphometrically the odontoma-producing variant showed a greater amount of luminal and mural dentinoid as well as luminal ghost cells. Demographic analysis also revealed that the odontoma-producing COC occurred in younger patients and showed an even sex distribution, whereas the non-odontoma-producing type was seen in older patients and showed a predilection for females. Both subtypes were more prevalent in the Chinese population and occurred preferentially in the maxilla.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology

Racial variations in the extent of tooth root translucency in ageing individuals

Whittaker DK, Bakri MM

Arch Oral Biol, 1996 Jan;41(1):15-9.

PMID: 8833585

One hundred and ninety-eight single-rooted teeth from individuals aged 21-90 yr of Caucasian, Malay, Chinese Malay and Indian Malay origin were studied. Single or serial longitudinal sections of extracted teeth were cut following dye imbibition of patent dentinal tubules. The extent of sclerosis of apical dentinal tubules was assessed and correlated with the age of the individual. Correlation with age was higher in the Caucasian than the Malay races and within the Malaysian racial groups correlation with age was highest in the Malays and lowest in the Chinese. It is concluded that factors other than age may be important in the formation of sclerotic apical dentine in teeth of different racial origin. The effect of racial origin should be considered when using sclerosis as a means of age determination in forensic cases.

Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/pathology

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