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Apigenin di- and trirhamnoside from Asplenium normale in Malaysia

Iwashina T, Matsumoto S, Kitajima J, Nakamura T, Kokubugata G, Suleiman M, et al.

Nat Prod Commun, 2010 Jan;5(1):39-42.
PMID: 20184017

Two new flavone rhamnosides, apigenin 7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside and apigenin 7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside-4'-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside were isolated from the fronds of Asplenium normale D. Don, together with two known C-glycosylflavones, vicenin-2 and lucenin-2. The chemical structures of the isolated glycosides were established by UV, LC-MS, characterization of acid hydrolysates, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy.

Matched MeSH terms: Apigenin/isolation & purification*
Fulltext Analysis of flavone C-glycosides in the leaves of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau by HPTLC and HPLC-UV/DAD

Chelyn JL, Omar MH, Mohd Yousof NS, Ranggasamy R, Wasiman MI, Ismail Z

ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:724267.
PMID: 25405231 DOI: 10.1155/2014/724267

Clinacanthus nutans (family Acanthaceae) has been used for the treatment of inflammation and herpes viral infection. Currently, there has not been any report on the qualitative and quantitative determination of the chemical markers in the leaves of C. nutans. The C-glycosidic flavones such as shaftoside, isoorientin, orientin, isovitexin, and vitexin have been found to be major flavonoids in the leaves of this plant. Therefore, we had developed a two-step method using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the rapid identification and quantification of the flavones C-glycosides in C. nutans leaves. The TLC separation of the chemical markers was achieved on silica gel 60 plate using ethyl acetate : formic acid : acetic acid : water (100 : 11 : 11 : 27 v/v/v/v) as the mobile phase. HPLC method was optimized and validated for the quantification of shaftoside, orientin, isovitexin, and vitexin and was shown to be linear in concentration range tested (0.4-200 μg/mL, r(2) ≥ 0.996), precise (RSD ≤ 4.54%), and accurate (95-105%). The concentration of shaftoside, orientin, vitexin, and isovitexin in C. nutans leave samples was 2.55-17.43, 0.00-0.86, 0.00-2.01, and 0.00-0.91 mmol/g, respectively.

Matched MeSH terms: Apigenin/isolation & purification*
Anti-nociceptive activity of Pereskia bleo Kunth. (Cactaceae) leaves extracts

Abdul-Wahab IR, Guilhon CC, Fernandes PD, Boylan F

J Ethnopharmacol, 2012 Dec 18;144(3):741-6.
PMID: 23099251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.10.029

Local communities in Malaysia consume Pereskia bleo Kunth. (Cactaceae) leaves as raw vegetables or as a concoction and drink as a tea to treat diabetes, hypertension, rheumatism, cancer-related diseases, inflammation, gastric pain, ulcers, and for revitalizing the body.

Matched MeSH terms: Apigenin/isolation & purification
Fulltext In vitro wound healing potential and identification of bioactive compounds from Moringa oleifera Lam

Muhammad AA, Pauzi NA, Arulselvan P, Abas F, Fakurazi S

Biomed Res Int, 2013;2013:974580.
PMID: 24490175 DOI: 10.1155/2013/974580

Moringa oleifera Lam. (M. oleifera) from the monogeneric family Moringaceae is found in tropical and subtropical countries. The present study was aimed at exploring the in vitro wound healing potential of M. oleifera and identification of active compounds that may be responsible for its wound healing action. The study included cell viability, proliferation, and wound scratch test assays. Different solvent crude extracts were screened, and the most active crude extract was further subjected to differential bioguided fractionation. Fractions were also screened and most active aqueous fraction was finally obtained for further investigation. HPLC and LC-MS/MS analysis were used for identification and confirmation of bioactive compounds. The results of our study demonstrated that aqueous fraction of M. oleifera significantly enhanced proliferation and viability as well as migration of human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells compared to the untreated control and other fractions. The HPLC and LC-MS/MS studies revealed kaempferol and quercetin compounds in the crude methanolic extract and a major bioactive compound Vicenin-2 was identified in the bioactive aqueous fraction which was confirmed with standard Vicenin-2 using HPLC and UV spectroscopic methods. These findings suggest that bioactive fraction of M. oleifera containing Vicenin-2 compound may enhance faster wound healing in vitro.

Matched MeSH terms: Apigenin/isolation & purification
Ficus deltoidea: Potential inhibitor of pro-inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of microglial cells

Zolkiffly SZI, Stanslas J, Abdul Hamid H, Mehat MZ

J Ethnopharmacol, 2021 Oct 28;279:114309.
PMID: 34119609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114309

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Ficus deltoidea Jack (FD) is widely consumed in traditional medicine as a treatment for various diseases in Malaysia. Each part of the plant such as its leave, stem, fruit and root are used traditionally to treat different types of diseases. Vitexin and isovitexin are bioactive compounds abundantly found in the leaves of FD that possessed many pharmacological properties including neuroprotection. Nonetheless, its effects on key events in neuroinflammation are unknown.
AIM OF THE STUDY: To determine the inhibitory properties of FD aqueous extract on pro-inflammatory mediators involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglial cells.
METHODS: Vitexin and isovitexin in the extract were quantified via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The extract was evaluated for its cytotoxicity activity via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Pre-treatment with the extract on LPS-induced microglial cells was done to determine its antioxidant and anti-neuroinflammatory properties by measuring the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) via 2'-7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA) assay, Griess assay and Western blot respectively.
RESULTS: The extract at all tested concentrations (0.1 μg/mL, 1 μg/mL, 10 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL) were not cytotoxic as the percentage viability of microglial cells were all above ~80%. At the highest concentration (100 μg/mL), the extract significantly reduced the formation of ROS, NO, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in microglial cells induced by LPS.
CONCLUSION: The extract showed neuroprotective effects by attenuating the levels of pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic factors in LPS-induced microglial cells, possibly by mediating the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway.

Matched MeSH terms: Apigenin/isolation & purification