METHODS: Cross-sectional study at the University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur. Subjects underwent subjective refraction, then automated refraction, and finally Netra smartphone-based refraction. All results were converted to power vectors (M, J0 and J45) and were analysed using repeated-measures ANOVA and Bland-Altman plots. Sensitivity and specificity were determined. The best cut-off points were determined from ROC curve analysis. P .05), but those between automated and subjective refraction were (0.06 vs 0.11 and 0.07 vs -0.02, p = .004 and p
METHODS: Data from National Eye Database (NED), involving all patients who have undergone cataract surgery from January 2012 until December 2020 were analyzed.
RESULTS: Total number of patients who had undergone cataract surgery between the year 2012 till 2020 were 231,281 patients (267,781 eyes). Incidence of POE in this population was 0.08%. Patient aged 70 and above (p-value 0.047), Malay ethnicity (p-value: 0.009), presence of ischemic heart disease, renal failure, diabetic retinopathy, and poorer preoperative vision were shown to have a higher risk of POE. Cataract surgeries done in KK-KKM, duration more than 45 minutes, use of general anaesthesia, and no IOL or ACIOL implantation were significantly more in POE patients. Multivariate analysis revealed Malay ethnicity, presence of ocular comorbidity, poor preoperative vision, ACIOL, and presence of intra-operative complication were predictive factors for POE.
CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of POE is low in the Malaysian population. Surgeons have to be aware that Malay ethnicity, presence of ocular comorbidity, poor preoperative visual acuity, placement of IOL and complicated cataract operation have higher risk of POE.