MyMedR

Fulltext Artificial Intelligence Techniques: Analysis, Application, and Outcome in Dentistry-A Systematic Review

Ahmed N, Abbasi MS, Zuberi F, Qamar W, Halim MSB, Maqsood A, et al.

Biomed Res Int, 2021;2021:9751564.

PMID: 34258283 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9751564

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this systematic review was to investigate the quality and outcome of studies into artificial intelligence techniques, analysis, and effect in dentistry.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using the MeSH keywords: artificial intelligence (AI), dentistry, AI in dentistry, neural networks and dentistry, machine learning, AI dental imaging, and AI treatment recommendations and dentistry. Two investigators performed an electronic search in 5 databases: PubMed/MEDLINE (National Library of Medicine), Scopus (Elsevier), ScienceDirect databases (Elsevier), Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics), and the Cochrane Collaboration (Wiley). The English language articles reporting on AI in different dental specialties were screened for eligibility. Thirty-two full-text articles were selected and systematically analyzed according to a predefined inclusion criterion. These articles were analyzed as per a specific research question, and the relevant data based on article general characteristics, study and control groups, assessment methods, outcomes, and quality assessment were extracted.

RESULTS: The initial search identified 175 articles related to AI in dentistry based on the title and abstracts. The full text of 38 articles was assessed for eligibility to exclude studies not fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Six articles not related to AI in dentistry were excluded. Thirty-two articles were included in the systematic review. It was revealed that AI provides accurate patient management, dental diagnosis, prediction, and decision making. Artificial intelligence appeared as a reliable modality to enhance future implications in the various fields of dentistry, i.e., diagnostic dentistry, patient management, head and neck cancer, restorative dentistry, prosthetic dental sciences, orthodontics, radiology, and periodontics.

CONCLUSION: The included studies describe that AI is a reliable tool to make dental care smooth, better, time-saving, and economical for practitioners. AI benefits them in fulfilling patient demand and expectations. The dentists can use AI to ensure quality treatment, better oral health care outcome, and achieve precision. AI can help to predict failures in clinical scenarios and depict reliable solutions. However, AI is increasing the scope of state-of-the-art models in dentistry but is still under development. Further studies are required to assess the clinical performance of AI techniques in dentistry.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Dental/methods*; Radiography, Dental/trends*

Prevalence and patterns of tooth agenesis among Malay children

Mani SA, Mohsin WS, John J

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 2014 Mar;45(2):490-8.

PMID: 24968691

Tooth agenesis in Malay children, hitherto unreported, was assessed retrospectively from orthopantomograms of 834 healthy children aged 12-16 years who attended the Dental Clinic of Universiti Sains Malaysia. All teeth, including third molars, were assessed for agenesis. On an average, 2.3 teeth were missing per child. Missing third molars were found in 25.7% of children with one or two third molars found to be missing in 18.3% of children. Three point two percent of children had missing teeth other than third molars. After third molars, the upper lateral incisors were found to be the most common missing tooth (1.7%), followed by upper and lower second premolars (1.5%). Eight missing upper canines were also seen (1%). Bilateral agenesis was more common than unilateral agenesis. There were no significant differences between males and females. There was a significant difference between missing teeth between the maxilla and the mandible and right and left side, with more missing teeth in the maxilla and on the right side. The odds of any 3rd molar missing were increased 3.3 times when there was any other missing tooth. In conclusion, the prevalence of tooth agenesis among the studied population was within the normal range, but less than some Asian countries. Unlike other Asian countries, the upper lateral incisor was the most common missing tooth. The prevalence of maxillary canine agenesis was higher than most previous reports. Missing teeth were associated with missing third molars, which is likely due to a genetic abnormality.

Matched MeSH terms: Anodontia/radiography; Radiography, Panoramic

Fulltext Disseminated fusarium

Menon BS, Juraida E, Manaf Z, Mohamed M, Ibrahim H

Int J Infect Dis, 2009 Sep;13(5):e333-4.

PMID: 19712898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.10.003

Matched MeSH terms: Liver/radiography*; Liver Diseases/radiography; Mycoses/radiography*; Spleen/radiography*; Splenic Diseases/radiography

Temporal bone actinomycosis: a histopathologic report

Sivarajasingam M, Rajan P

Otol Neurotol, 2007 Sep;28(6):869-70.

PMID: 17435522

Matched MeSH terms: Abscess/radiography; Actinomycosis/radiography; Mastoid/radiography; Occipital Bone/radiography; Temporal Bone/radiography

Unilateral moyamoya disease with co-existing arteriovenous malformation

Nawawi O, Sinnasamy M, Ramli N

Br J Radiol, 2006 Jul;79(943):e12-5.

PMID: 16823046

A case of an intracerebral bleed in a young man with a rare combination of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and unilateral moyamoya disease is presented. The location of the bleed in the left basal ganglia corresponded to the area supplied by the basal moyamoya vessels. The AVM which received supply from collateral moyamoya vessels as well as normal cerebral arteries was located in the ipsilateral parieto-occipital region posterior to the basal ganglia bleed. This is the first reported cerebral AVM co-existing with a unilateral moyamoya disease in the English literature. Unusual features of the case such as the unilaterality of the angiographic abnormalities, their coexistence and hypotheses as to their development are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Artery, Internal/radiography; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations/radiography; Cerebral Hemorrhage/radiography; Moyamoya Disease/radiography; Carotid Stenosis/radiography

Successful surgical management of a case of pulmonary and pericardial melioidosis

Majid AA

Aust N Z J Surg, 1990 Feb;60(2):139-41.

PMID: 2327916

A 35 year old diabetic presented with features of septicaemia and developed cardiac tamponade. He was found to have pulmonary, acute septicaemic and pericardial melioidosis. Some initial improvement was achieved with medical therapy but only with surgical intervention was a successful outcome achieved.

Matched MeSH terms: Abscess/radiography; Cardiac Tamponade/radiography; Melioidosis/radiography; Pericarditis/radiography; Pleural Diseases/radiography

Fulltext An unusual presentation of adult onset Still's disease

Ghosal A, Pal RB, Das SK, Das T

Med J Malaysia, 2012 Oct;67(5):532-3.

PMID: 23770876

Adult onset still's disease usually presents with high grade intermittent fever, polyarthritis, salmon pink evanescent rash and hepatosplenomegaly. Pulmonary involvement in the form of pneumonitis, as a presenting feature is very rare. We report a case of a young lady who presented with fever, cough and respiratory distress. Chest X-ray revealed patchy infiltration in left upper lung zone. She was subsequently diagnosed as Adult onset Still's disease. There was no improvement in clinical condition despite five days of antibiotics. On trans-bronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) proved she had interstitial pneumonitis and responded dramatically to steroid treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic*

Fulltext Computed tomography (CT) in blunt liver injury: a pictorial essay

Radhiana H, Azian AA, Razali MR, Kamariah CM

Med J Malaysia, 2010 Dec;65(4):319-25.

PMID: 21901958

Computed tomography (CT) is widely used in assessing clinically stable patients with blunt abdominal trauma. In these patients, liver is one of the commonest organs being injured and CT can accurately identify and assess the extent of the injury. The CT features of blunt liver trauma include laceration, subcapsular or parenchymal haematomas, active haemorrhage and vascular injuries. Widespread use of CT has notably influenced the management of blunt liver injury from routine surgical to nonsurgical management. We present pictorial illustrations of various liver injuries depicted on CT in patients with blunt trauma.

Matched MeSH terms: Wounds, Nonpenetrating/radiography*

Fulltext The accuracy of demirjian method in dental age estimation of malay children

Abu Asab S, Noor SN, Khamis MF

Singapore Dent J, 2011;32(1):19-27.

PMID: 23739283 DOI: 10.1016/S0377-5291(12)70012-3

This study is aimed to evaluate the accuracy of Demirjian method in estimating the chronological age of male and female Kelantanese Malay children between 6 and 16 years of age and to establish a new dental age (DA) curve if the Demirjian method was not found to be accurate. About 905 panoramic radiographs of healthy Malay children between 6 and 16 years of age were collected from the radiographic unit in the Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) and the orthodontic clinic in Hospital Kota Bharu (HKB). Children who had any disease affecting the dental development, or have agenesis in the lower arch and poor quality radiographic images were excluded. The results showed that Demirjian method overestimated the chronological age (CA) by 1.23 years for boys and 1.20 years for girls and it was less accurate for the Kelantanese Malay children. Thus new standard curve were produced and tested on external samples. Results showed that the mean difference between the chronological age and DA is about 0.17 years for boys and 0.11 years for girls. DA was more advanced in the Kelantanese Malay boys and girls as compared to French-Canadian children in all age groups. It is concluded that the Demirjian method tends to be less accurate in estimating the chronological age in Malay children. The new curve that was produced is more applicable to the Kelantanese Malay children.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Panoramic*

Thoracic pedicle screw insertion in Asian cadaveric specimen: does radiological pedicle profile affect outcome?

Chan CY, Kwan MK, Saw LB

Surg Radiol Anat, 2011 Jan;33(1):19-25.

PMID: 20848102 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-010-0726-1

Pedicle screw instrumentation has superior biomechanical as well as clinical outcome. Thoracic pedicles show great variation in different population groups, particularly in Asians who have been shown to have smaller pedicle dimensions. Although plain radiographs are widely performed prior to spine surgery, no studies have been done so far to investigate whether the thoracic pedicle profile on plain radiographs affect thoracic pedicle screw insertion. Therefore, this is a cadaveric study aimed to determine the relationship between plain radiographic thoracic pedicle profile in Asians and the outcome of pedicle screw insertion in the thoracic spine.

Matched MeSH terms: Thoracic Vertebrae/radiography

Anatomico-radiological study of asymmetrical articular facets on occipital condyles and its clinical implications

Das S, Chaudhuri JD

Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ), 2008 Apr-Jun;6(2):217-9.

PMID: 18769090

The articular facets on the inferior aspect of the occipital condyles, articulate with the superior articular facets of the first cervical (atlas) vertebra, to form the atlanto-occipital joint. The present case, reports the asymmetrical dimensions of the facets on the occipital condyles of a human dried skull. The anatomico-radiological study of asymmetrical articular facets on the occipital condyles, may be helpful for academicians, neuro-surgeons, clinicians and radiologists in day to day clinical practice.

Matched MeSH terms: Occipital Bone/radiography*

Fulltext Images in clinical medicine. Dextrocardia with situs inversus

Loh KY, Mohamed AL

N Engl J Med, 2005 Sep 1;353(9):933.

PMID: 16135838 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMicm040398

Matched MeSH terms: Dextrocardia/radiography

Fulltext Large fusiform posterior cerebral artery aneurysm (P2 segment): successful trapping and excision via subtemporal approach

Ramzisham ARM, Azizi AB, Zurin AAR

Med J Malaysia, 2004 Oct;59(4):530-2.

PMID: 15779587

A 62-year-old man presented with a 2-month history of right occipito-parietal headache and worsening ipsilateral ptosis. CT scan and cerebral angiography revealed a large fusiform aneurysm of the P2 segment of the right posterior cerebral artery (PCA). The aneurysm was successfully trapped and subsequently excised via sub temporal approach leaving no additional neurological deficits to our patient.

Matched MeSH terms: Intracranial Aneurysm/radiography

Practical relevance of prescribing superimposition for determining a frontal sinus pattern match

Hashim N, Hemalatha N, Thangaraj K, Kareem A, Ahmed A, Hassan NF, et al.

Forensic Sci Int, 2015 Aug;253:137.e1-7.

PMID: 26103928 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.05.020

A research that tested the methods suitable for comparing ante- and post-mortem radiographic patterns of frontal sinuses concluded that superimposition should be followed as a stringent method for establishing individual identification. We verified the practical relevance of prescribing superimposition by superimposing ante- and post-mortem frontal sinus patterns recorded in case situations as well as simulated ante- and post-mortem of frontal sinus patterns recorded using archived skulls. For superimposition, the wipe facility available in the vision mixer was employed in addition to the mix mode. Ante- and post-mortem radiographic patterns that were available in two earlier cases were not superimposable. Related simulated ante- and post-mortem radiographic patterns of frontal sinuses are superimposable only when the skull that is initially oriented for recording the ante-mortem radiograph is retained in the same posture for recording the post-mortem radiograph also. Once the skull has been removed from the X-ray table, after recording the simulated ante-mortem radiograph, and repositioned for the simulated post-mortem radiograph, even when the intervening time is 1min, the sinus patterns in these radiographs are not superimposable. Superimposition cannot be used as a conditional requirement for side-by-side comparison of radiographic patterns of frontal sinuses.

Matched MeSH terms: Frontal Sinus/radiography*

Fulltext Chest Radiograph Findings In Novel Swine-Origin Influenza A (H1N1) Virus (S-OIV) Infection: A UKMMC Experience

Norzailin AB, Norhafizah E

Med J Malaysia, 2015 Apr;70(2):93-7.

PMID: 26162384 MyJurnal

OBJECTIVE: 1.To evaluates and recognizes findings in chest radiograph in patients with laboratory-confirmed S-OIV (H1N1) infection treated at UKMMC. 2. To evaluate whether the findings on initial chest radiographs of influenza A (H1N1) patients can help to predict the prognosis.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Total of 109 adult patients presenting to the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) with flu-like symptoms who were positive for influenza A and these patients had underwent chest radiographs (CXR). The initial CXRs were evaluated for the pattern (consolidation, ground-glass, and reticulation), distribution, and extend of abnormality. The disease is classifies by the clinical severity (mild, moderate or severe illness) and adverse outcome (ventilated, death or recovered well).

RESULTS: The initial CXRs were normal in 56% of cases. The predominant radiographic finding was consolidation, most commonly involving the middle and lower zones (35% of cases). There is no significant association between initial CXR findings with the patient clinical outcome either fully recovered or death/ ventilated.

CONCLUSION: Normal chest radiographs is the most common radiographic finding in S-OIV (H1N1) infection and the most common abnormal lung finding is consolidation. Initial chest radiographs did not determine the patient clinical outcome and a normal initial radiograph could not exclude adverse outcome.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography; Radiography, Thoracic

Fulltext The biopsy of nonpalpable breast lesions detected on mammography

Zulfiqar MA, Nair S, Lily M, Norizan MA

Med J Malaysia, 1999 Dec;54(4):471-7.

PMID: 11072464

This is a review of the positive biopsy rate of nonpalpable breast lesions detected on mammography. The histology of 130 hookwire excision biopsy from 1990 to 1995 and the cytology of 39 stereotactic fine needle aspiration cytology in 1995 were reviewed. The yearly positive biopsy rate of each procedure was determined. In 1990, the positive biopsy rate for hookwire excision biopsy was 15%, in 1991 20%, in 1992 11%, in 1993 17%, in 1994 33% and in 1995 39%. In 1995, the positive biopsy rate for stereotactic fine needle aspiration cytology was 21%. The positive biopsy rate for hookwire excision biopsy had improved from 15% in 1990 to 39% in 1995.

Matched MeSH terms: Breast Diseases/radiography*

Doses to patients in routine X-ray examinations in Malaysia

Ng KH, Rassiah P, Wang HB, Hambali AS, Muthuvellu P, Lee HP

Br J Radiol, 1998 Jun;71(846):654-60.

PMID: 9849390

A collaborative national survey initiated by the University of Malaya and the Ministry of Health was conducted from 1993 to 1995 to establish baseline patient dose data for seven common types (12 projections) of X-ray examinations in Malaysia. A total of 12 randomly selected public hospitals and 867 patients were included in this survey. The entrance surface doses (ESD) received by the patients were measured using thermoluminescent dosemeters (TLDs) attached to the patient's skin. Histograms are presented showing wide, positively skewed distributions of measured entrance surface doses for each examination. Mean, median, first and third quartile values of ESD and median effective dose are reported. Survey results are generally comparable with those reported in the UK, USA and by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The results also provide information on dose level for a lower weight population (mean weight 60 kg) compared with the international reference dose values based on a 70 kg standard. The findings support the importance of the on-going national quality assurance programme to ensure doses are kept to a level consistent with optimum image quality. The data will also be useful for the formulation of national guidance levels as recommended by the IAEA. Furthermore, this study provides patient dosimetry information on healthcare level II countries.

Matched MeSH terms: Radiography*

Radiological imaging of urinary tract infection in Malaysian children--a private hospital experience

Cheung HS

Australas Radiol, 1992 Feb;36(1):23-6.

PMID: 1632740

The results of radiological investigations performed on 81 children with urinary tract infection (UTI) were reviewed. Investigations included 91 voiding cystourethrograms (VCU), 59 intravenous urograms (IVU) and 36 ultrasonograms (US). The aim was to study the local spectrum of renal tract abnormalities in childhood UTI and to compare the diagnostic yield of combining US and VCU against IVU and VCU. Renal tract abnormalities were detected in 37%. Vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR) was the commonest, detected in 26%, with renal scarring found in 9% of refluxing units. Ultrasound should replace IVU in the initial diagnostic work-up of these children.

Matched MeSH terms: Urinary Tract Infections/radiography*

Fulltext Leech, wire and urethra

Aung T, Lei CC

Med J Malaysia, 1995 Jun;50(2):200-1.

PMID: 7565201

Matched MeSH terms: Foreign Bodies/radiography

Depressed skull fracture in a newborn successfully managed conservatively: a case report

Lim CT, Koh MT, Sivanesaratnam V

Asia Oceania J Obstet Gynaecol, 1991 Sep;17(3):227-9.

PMID: 1953432

A preterm baby was born to a multiparous mother by emergency caesarean section at 36 weeks of gestation. Apart from a depression on the right temporo-parietal region measuring 3 cm x 3 cm x 0.5 cm, no other abnormality was noted. A CT scan of the brain excluded the presence of intracranial haematoma and pressure effect on the brain. Spontaneous reduction of the fracture without any adverse neurological sequelae suggests that these fractures can be managed conservatively in some instances.

Matched MeSH terms: Skull Fractures/radiography

Displaying publications 121 - 140 of 1041 in total