Displaying publications 701 - 720 of 1041 in total

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  1. Jamal N, Ng KH, McLean D, Looi LM, Moosa F
    AJR Am J Roentgenol, 2004 Mar;182(3):713-7.
    PMID: 14975974
    This study was undertaken to estimate mammographic breast glandularity in Malaysian women from radiographic data.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adipose Tissue/radiography
  2. Siar CH, Nakano K, Chelvanayagam PI, Ng KH, Nagatsuka H, Kawakami T
    Eur J Med Res, 2010 Mar 30;15(3):135-8.
    PMID: 20452900
    The purpose of this report is to document a case of unsuspected ameloblastoma involving the right man dibular subpontic region in a 38-year-old Cambodian female patient. This lesion was purportedly preceded by multiple radiolucencies which were diagnosed as radicular cysts and treated a few times in the past years by enucleation followed by endodontic therapy of the affected teeth. Bridgework restoration of the partially edentulous area was performed. This case report demonstrates radiographic changes that occurred in the periods before and after the diagnosis of ameloblastoma. The case may represent an example of radicular cysts and ameloblastoma occurring as a collision phenomenon, or the ameloblastoma may have arisen as a result of neoplastic transformation of the lining epithelium in an inflammatory odontogenic epithelial cyst.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Dental/adverse effects*
  3. Ball V, Chiu CS, Lian YP, Lingeswaran L
    Physiother Theory Pract, 2018 Jan;34(1):54-57.
    PMID: 28816591 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2017.1360423
    BACKGROUND: Newly qualified physiotherapists may be required to interpret an unreported chest X-ray (CXR) as part of their physiotherapy assessment in "on call" situations. Their interpretation may influence the patient management strategies they adopt. There is no research published which have tested the reliability of final year physiotherapy students in CXR interpretation.

    METHODS: Twenty-five final year physiotherapy students were asked to view and interpret the findings of six CXRs, together with a brief vignette, typical of a single commonly encountered diagnosis. Students were also asked if they had received additional CXR training on placement or had a desire to specialize in respiratory care.

    RESULTS: The CXR interpretations were scored as incorrect 0, partially correct 1 (abnormality detected but not able to diagnose or missed some detail) and 2 correct. Scores for each of the six CXRs were added to give a total score (out of 12). The median score was 3 out of 12, (range 0-9). Median scores were slightly higher at 4 out of 12 in those students with additional training or a desire to specialize (range 1-7), but this was not statistically significant (p = 0.43).

    CONCLUSIONS: Final year physiotherapy students were not able to reliably interpret CXRs. These findings were consistent with previous published research involving medical students. Therefore on graduation before starting "on call" duties it is recommended newly qualified physiotherapists receive additional training in CXR interpretation.

    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic*
  4. Alyahyawi A, Jupp T, Alkhorayef M, Bradley DA
    Appl Radiat Isot, 2018 Aug;138:45-49.
    PMID: 28780202 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2017.07.011
    In the modern clinical practice of diagnostic radiology there is a growing demand for radiation dosimetry, it also being recognized that with increasing use of X-ray examinations additional population dose will result, accompanied by an additional albeit low potential for genetic consequences. At the doses typical of diagnostic radiology there is also a low statistical risk for cancer induction; in adhering to best practice, to be also implied is a low but non-negligible potential for deterministic sensitive organ responses, including in regard to the skin and eyes. Risk reduction is important, in line with the principle of ALARP, both in regard to staff and patients alike; for the latter modern practice is usually guided by Dose Reference Levels (DRL) while for the former and members of the public, legislated controls (supported by safe working practices) pertain. As such, effective, reliable and accurate means of dosimetry are required in support of these actions. Recent studies have shown that Ge-doped-silica glass fibres offer several advantages over the well-established phosphor-based TL dosimeters (TLD), including excellent sensitivity at diagnostic doses as demonstrated herein, low fading, good reproducibility and re-usability, as well as representing a water impervious, robust dosimetric system. In addition, these silica-based fibres show good linearity over a wide dynamic range of dose and dose-rate and are directionally independent. In the present study, we investigate tailor made doped-silica glass thermoluminescence (TL) for applications in medical diagnostic imaging dosimetry. The aim is to develop a dosimeter of sensitivity greater than that of the commonly used LiF (Mg,Ti) phosphor. We examine the ability of such doped glass media to detect the typically low levels of radiation in diagnostic applications (from fractions of a mGy through to several mGy or more), including, mammography and dental radiology, use being made of x-ray tubes located at the Royal Surrey County Hospital. We further examine dose-linearity, energy response and fading.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography; Radiography, Dental
  5. Asma A, Marina MB, Mazita A, Fadzilah I, Mazlina S, Saim L
    Singapore Med J, 2009 Dec;50(12):1154-7.
    PMID: 20087551
    This study aims to review the management and discuss the outcome of patients with iatrogenic facial nerve palsy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Facial Paralysis/radiography
  6. Dhillon MK, Leong YP
    Singapore Med J, 1991 Apr;32(2):177-8.
    PMID: 2042085
    An 8-year old boy presented with a right neck swelling which appeared only intermittently. The swelling was well demonstrated by the Valsalva manoeuvre. The differential diagnosis include a laryngocele, a superior mediastinum tumour or cyst and a venous aneurysm. Plain radiography, computerized tomography, ultrasonography and venography were performed. A diagnosis of venous aneurysm was confirmed. Ultrasonography was the best modality for imaging of this rare condition. It is non-invasive and it will also delineate the extent of the lesion. The treatment is expectant. Surgery is reserved for cosmesis and symptomatic aneurysms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Jugular Veins/radiography
  7. Chee CP, Loh TG
    Singapore Med J, 1988 Oct;29(5):427-31.
    PMID: 3241969
    A retrospective prospective study of 84 cases of subarachnoid haemorrhage, 24 intracranial aneurysms and 18 arteriovenous malformations (AVM's) treated in the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, during the post CT-scan era was carried out to verify the relative frequencies of these clinical entities in the Malaysian population. Our results show that aneurysms are commoner than arteriovenous malformations as a cause of subarachnoid haemorrhage and also the most frequent as a whole, thus refuting the previous claims that AVM's are 4 to 10 times more common than aneurysms in this part of the world. Of interest was the internal carotid artery aneurysms accounted for half of the anterior circulation aneurysms and that 2/3 of the AVM's presented with intracranial haemorrhage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Intracranial Aneurysm/radiography
  8. Chee CP
    Singapore Med J, 1988 Aug;29(4):319-21.
    PMID: 3249955
    Over the last 8 years, 22 consecutive cases of subarachnoid haemorrhage were found to have no obvious cause on angiography. The age, neurological status and CT-scan appearance in 16 cases were studied together with the completeness and quality of the angiogram. Limited angiography was done in cases with advanced age, poor neurology or severe hypertension. There is a need for more repeat angiographic studies in the presence of vasospasm whether focal or generalised, as indicated by the fact that only 5 out of the 17 cases with vasospasm had repeated satisfactory studies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/radiography
  9. Serena Low WC, Chuah JH, Tee CATH, Anis S, Shoaib MA, Faisal A, et al.
    Comput Math Methods Med, 2021;2021:5528144.
    PMID: 34194535 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5528144
    Pneumonia is an infamous life-threatening lung bacterial or viral infection. The latest viral infection endangering the lives of many people worldwide is the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes COVID-19. This paper is aimed at detecting and differentiating viral pneumonia and COVID-19 disease using digital X-ray images. The current practices include tedious conventional processes that solely rely on the radiologist or medical consultant's technical expertise that are limited, time-consuming, inefficient, and outdated. The implementation is easily prone to human errors of being misdiagnosed. The development of deep learning and technology improvement allows medical scientists and researchers to venture into various neural networks and algorithms to develop applications, tools, and instruments that can further support medical radiologists. This paper presents an overview of deep learning techniques made in the chest radiography on COVID-19 and pneumonia cases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Thoracic/statistics & numerical data
  10. Roy RN
    N Z Med J, 1972 Aug;76(483):97-101.
    PMID: 4508817
    Matched MeSH terms: Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/radiography
  11. Saravanan P, Ramakrishnan T, Ambalavanan N, Emmadi P, John TL
    J Oral Implantol, 2013 Aug;39(4):455-62.
    PMID: 23964779 DOI: 10.1563/AAID-JOI-D-10-00211
    The purpose of the study was to evaluate radiologically the efficacy of guided bone regeneration using composite bone graft (autogenous bone graft and anorganic bovine bone graft [Bio-Oss]) along with resorbable collagen membrane (BioMend Extend) in the augmentation of Seibert's class I ridge defects in maxilla. Bone width was evaluated using computerized tomography at day 0 and at day 180 at 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm from the crest. There was a statistically significant increase in bone width between day 0 and day 180 at 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm from the crest. The results of the study demonstrated an increase in bone width of Seibert's class I ridge defects in the maxilla of the study patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Alveolar Bone Loss/radiography*
  12. Sulieman A, Taha A, Dawood S, Almujally A, Bradley DA
    Appl Radiat Isot, 2024 Oct;212:111440.
    PMID: 39018816 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111440
    The sensitivity to ionizing radiation is increasing by age of development for some malignant tumors. Therefore, children have higher risk to radiation induced tumors due the high cellular rate of proliferation and long lifespan probability. The risk is also increase with increase the effective and organ doses. Computed tomography (CT) exposed pediatric patients to higher radiation dose during multiphase image acquisition, repeated exams, for follow-up procedures. This research intended to estimate the radiogenic risks and effective radiation doses resulted from CT enhanced contrast for abdomen and pelvis. 126 (66 (62.3%) males, 60 (47.7%) females) pediatric patients underwent CT enhanced abdominal examination at Medical Imaging Department at King Khalid Hospital and Prince Sultan Center for Health Services, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia. The average and range of pediatric age (years) is 11.6 ± 5.0 (0.1-17). The mean, standard deviation, and range of the volume CT air kerma index (CVOL (mGy) and the air kerma length product (PKL, mGy.cm) were 9.8 ± 9.4 (2.1-45.8) and 1795 (221-3150) per abdominopelvic procedure, respectively. The mean and range of the effective dose (mSv) per procedure are 26.9 (2.4-59.1). The effective dose is higher compared to the most previously published studies. The effective dose per pediatric abdomen and pelvis with contrast procedure suggest that the patient dose is not optimized yet. Because the chest and pelvis region contain sensitive organs that are irradiated repeatedly, dose optimization is crucial.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radiography, Abdominal/adverse effects
  13. Norlijah O, Intan HI, Feizel AM, Kasim MS, Noh LM
    PMID: 17333739
    Tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health problem in Malaysia. We describe three atypical cases of serious tuberculosis in children. The potential diagnostic pitfall in these cases is highlighted by its unusual presentation in a setting of culture-negative infection. A positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in each case assists in gauging the diagnosis in concordance with appropriate clinical findings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/radiography
  14. Muhammad Abdul Jamil MK, Abdul Rashid AH, Ibrahim S
    J Pediatr Orthop B, 2013 May;22(3):207-12.
    PMID: 22182834 DOI: 10.1097/BPB.0b013e32834ecc01
    This preliminary report is on two patients with congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia who had a persistent nonunion following intramedullary rodding and bone grafting. We do not advocate repeated surgery to achieve union. When limb length discrepancy becomes greater than 5 cm, we proceeded with an Ilizarov procedure with the primary aim of equalizing limb length rather than achieving union. Healing of the pseudoarthrosis occurred in both patients after lengthening over the intramedullary rod without compression of the nonunion site. We believe that union occurs because of hyperaemia during the lengthening. This approach minimizes the repeated surgeries that are usually needed and thus ensures a more normal childhood without frequent hospitalizations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fractures, Ununited/radiography; Pseudarthrosis/radiography; Tibia/radiography; Tibial Fractures/radiography
  15. Rahman MR, Min JO, Dimon MZ
    Heart Surg Forum, 2010 Aug;13(4):E273-4.
    PMID: 20719738 DOI: 10.1532/HSF98.20101001
    Delayed ascending aortic dissection following coronary artery bypass surgery is a rare but lethal complication. We present the case of a 54-year-old man with a delayed acute Stanford A aortic dissection following an off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery in preexisting chronic type B disease. Such a case of an iatrogenic acute aortic dissection poses a significant challenge and dilemma in choosing the best technique for coronary revascularization in this group of patients. The pathophysiology and technical options are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Aneurysm, Dissecting/radiography; Aortic Aneurysm/radiography; Brachiocephalic Trunk/radiography; Carotid Artery, Common/radiography
  16. Yap E, Wan Jamaluddin WF, Tumian NR, Mashuri F, Mohammed F, Tan GC, et al.
    Malays J Pathol, 2014 Dec;36(3):201-5.
    PMID: 25500520 MyJurnal
    NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type is an aggressive and uncommon malignancy. Disease that occurs outside of the aerodigestive tract exhibits an even more aggressive clinical behaviour and does not respond as well to conventional therapy compared to its nasal counterpart. We report such a case of NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type, that presented as an anterior chest wall mass, arising from the left pectoralis muscle. An interesting feature we wish to highlight is the associated eosinophilia that corresponded to disease activity, exhibiting fluctuations with surgical resection and chemotherapy. To the best of our knowledge this is the third reported case of NK/T cell lymphoma that is associated with peripheral eosinophilia. Our case highlights the role of certain NK cell subsets that play a major role in eosinophilic activation in NK/T lymphomas and calls for more research into further classification of this disease by virtue of its NK cell subsets.
    Matched MeSH terms: Lymphoma, T-Cell/radiography; Thoracic Wall/radiography
  17. Fathinul Fikri AS, Dharmendran R, Vikneswaran P, Nordin AJ
    Abdom Imaging, 2015 Aug;40(6):1457-64.
    PMID: 25576048 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-014-0343-2
    A study was undertaken to investigate the value of pretreatment PET-CT in predicting survival in patients with oesophageal cancer (OC).
    Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms/radiography*; Esophagus/radiography
  18. Chin KY, Ima-Nirwana S
    Clin Interv Aging, 2014;9:1247-59.
    PMID: 25120355 DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S67016
    BACKGROUND: Previous animal models have demonstrated that tocotrienol is a potential treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis. This study evaluated the antiosteoporotic effects of annatto-derived tocotrienol (AnTT) using a testosterone-deficient osteoporotic rat model.
    METHODS: Forty rats were divided randomly into baseline, sham, orchidectomized, AnTT, and testosterone groups. The baseline group was euthanized without undergoing any surgical treatment or intervention. The remaining groups underwent orchidectomy, with the exception of the sham group. AnTT 60 mg/kg/day was given orally to the AnTT group, while the testosterone group received testosterone enanthate 7 mg/kg per week intramuscularly for 8 weeks. Structural changes in trabecular bone at the proximal tibia were examined using microcomputed tomography. Structural and dynamic changes at the distal femur were examined using histomorphometric methods. Serum osteocalcin and C-terminal of type 1 collagen crosslinks were measured. Bone-related gene expression in the distal femur was examined.
    RESULTS: There were significant degenerative changes in structural indices in the orchidectomized group (P<0.05), but no significant changes in dynamic indices, bone remodeling markers, or gene expression (P>0.05) when compared with the sham group. The AnTT group showed significant improvement in structural indices at the femur (P<0.05) and significantly increased expression of bone formation genes (P<0.05). Testosterone was more effective than AnTT in preventing degeneration of bone structural indices in the femur and tibia (P<0.05).
    CONCLUSION: AnTT supplementation improves bone health in testosterone-deficient rats by enhancing bone formation. Its potential should be evaluated further by varying the dosage and treatment duration.
    KEYWORDS: bone remodeling; osteoporosis; testosterone; tocotrienol
    Matched MeSH terms: Femur/radiography; Tibia/radiography
  19. Ibrahim O, Oteh M, Anwar IR, Che Hassan HH, Choor CK, Hamzaini AH, et al.
    Clin Ter, 2013;164(5):391-5.
    PMID: 24217823 DOI: 10.7417/CT.2013.1601
    Coronary heart disease is a major health problem in Malaysia with high morbidity and mortality. Common primary screening tool of cardiovascular risk stratification is exercise treadmill test (ETT). This communication is to determine the performance of coronary artery calcium score a new method to stratify the presence of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in comparison to traditional ETT in patients having coronary artery diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Calcinosis/radiography; Coronary Artery Disease/radiography
  20. Mohd Noor N, Mohd Shahrir MS, Shahid MS, Abdul Manap R, Shahizon Azura AM, Azhar Shah S
    Int J Rheum Dis, 2009 Jul;12(2):136-44.
    PMID: 20374331 DOI: 10.1111/j.1756-185X.2009.01376.x
    Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic disease of unknown cause. A variety of pulmonary disorders have been described in association with RA. Among the most common are interstitial lung disease
    (ILD) and bronchiectasis.
    Objectives: This study aims to determine the characteristics of RA patients with lung disease in relation to clinical characteristics, pulmonary function test (PFT) and high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) thorax.
    Method: This is a 6-months cross-sectional study involving 63 consecutive RA patients in an outpatient rheumatology clinic. Patients had a mean disease duration of 5 years and above. Disease activity and severity
    was assessed by Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and Rheumatoid Arthritis Articular Damage (RAAD) score. Full pulmonary function test (PFT) and HRCT of thorax were performed.
    Conclusions: The prevalence of RA-ILD is 44% and 67% of patients are asymptomatic. There was significant higher proportion (68%) in patients of Chinese ethnicity who have ILD. Diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide
    was abnormal in all patients and forced expiratory flow (FEF)25–75% was low in 16%. Restrictive pattern was 66.7% by PFT. The most common HRCT findings were reticulation (46%) followed by ground glass opacities
    (38.1%) and bronchiectasis (28.6%). There was no association between ILD and male gender, duration of the disease, smoking, rheumatoid factor, extra-articular manifestations, disease activity or severity.
    Key words: high resolution computed tomography, interstitial lung disease, lung function test, rheumatoid arthritis.
    Study site: Rheumatology clinic, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Bronchiectasis/radiography*; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/radiography*
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