MyMedR

Displaying publications 401 - 420 of 1053 in total

Abstract:

Sort:

Unusual cause of neuropathy: extensive dural spread of primary cervical osteosarcoma

Ponnampalam SN, Tan WY, Wazir NN, George J

Acta Radiol Short Rep, 2012;1(1):1-3.
PMID: 23986826 DOI: 10.1258/arsr.2012.110028

We report a very rare case of a high grade osteosarcoma of the cervical spine in a 62-year-old woman. She presented with a relatively short history of a swelling in the posterior neck and cervical lymphadenopathy. This was associated with hoarseness of the voice, significant weight loss, and right upper arm radicular symptoms initially, progressing to paraplegia. Based on MR and CT imaging of the neck and an excision biopsy of an enlarged right supraclavicular lymph node, the histology revealed a high grade primary osteosarcoma of the cervical spine.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Cardiovascular causes of tracheobronchial compression: a decade experience in a Paediatric Congenital Heart Centre

Yubbu P, Abdul Latiff H, Musa H, Devaraj NK, Mohd Razif NA, Sivalingam S, et al.

Cardiol Young, 2021 Jun 03.
PMID: 34080535 DOI: 10.1017/S1047951121002110

BACKGROUND: Vascular compression of the airway often complicates CHD management. This study evaluated the use of CT in determining cardiovascular causes, clinical manifestations, and outcome of tracheobronchial compression among children with CHD.
METHODS: A retrospective review of clinical records of all patients with CT scan evidence of tracheobronchial compression from January 2007 to December 2017 at National Heart Institute. Cardiovascular causes of tracheobronchial compression were divided into three groups; group I: vascular ring/pulmonary artery sling, II: abnormally enlarged or malposition cardiovascular structure due to CHD, III: post-CHD surgery.
RESULTS: Vascular tracheobronchial compression was found in 81 out of 810 (10%) patients who underwent CT scan. Group I lesions were the leading causes of vascular tracheobronchial compression (55.5%), followed by group II (34.6%) and group III (9.9%). The median age of diagnosis in groups I, II, and III were 16.8 months, 3 months, and 15.6 months, respectively. Half of group I patients are manifested with stridor and one-third with recurrent chest infections. Persistent respiratory symptoms, lung atelectasis, or prolonged respiratory support requirement were clues in groups II and III. Higher morbidity and mortality in younger infants with severe obstructive airway symptoms, associated airway abnormalities, and underlying complex cyanotic CHD.
CONCLUSIONS: Vascular ring/pulmonary artery sling and abnormally enlarged or malposition cardiovascular structure were the leading causes of cardiovascular airway compression. A high index of suspicion is needed for early detection due to its non-specific presentation. The outcome often depends on the severity of airway obstruction and complexity of cardiac lesions.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Fulltext Neuronavigation-guided endoscopic and hodotopic approach to an arachnoid cyst

Idris Z, Nandrajog P, Abdullah JM, Ghani RI, Idris B

Surg Neurol Int, 2013;4:120.
PMID: 24083055 DOI: 10.4103/2152-7806.118492

BACKGROUND: Arachnoid cysts are intraarachnoid benign cystic lesions filled with cerebrospinal fluid and should be treated without incurring further morbidity to the patients.
CASE DESCRIPTION: The authors present a case of a 68-year-old elderly female with a large right fronto-parieto-temporal arachnoid cyst who has been suffering from mild left hemiparesis for the past 4 years and presented with sudden onset of seizures. The 3 Tesla MR system with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and MR tractography of the brain showed a large right fronto-parieto-temporal cystic lesion measuring 7 × 5 × 5 cm with a midline shift of 1 cm, suggestive of an arachnoid cyst with surrounding ipsilateral white matter projection pathways and inferior occipito-frontal fasciculus or inferior longitudinal white matter tracts. The cyst was successfully treated with neuronavigation-guided endoscopic and hodotopical approach to fenestrate the arachnoid cyst into the sylvian cistern, avoiding inadvertent injury to major white matter tracts portrayed by DTI. Postoperatively, a repeated computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain revealed a smaller arachnoid cyst with correction of the midline shift. The patient was weaned off from the ventilator and her hemiplegia improved gradually.
CONCLUSION: This case report emphasizes the value of neuronavigation-guided endoscopic and hodotopic approach to fenestrate the intra-axial arachnoid cyst.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Estimation of body height from spinal length measurements using post-mortem computed tomographic images

Zyoud TYT, Abdul Rashid SN, Suppiah S, Mahmud R, Kabeer A, Abd Manaf R, et al.

Malays J Pathol, 2020 Dec;42(3):423-431.
PMID: 33361724

INTRODUCTION: Post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) provides information that helps in the determination of the cause of death and corpse identification of disaster victims. One of the methods for corpse identification includes assessment of the body stature. There is a lack of post-mortem imaging studies that focus on the anthropometric assessment of corpses. Our aim was to identify the relationship between cadaveric spine length and autopsy length (AL) among and autopsy length (AL) among a Malaysian population and derive a regression formula for the estimation of corpse body height using PMCT.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively assessed 107 cadavers that had undergone conventional autopsy and PMCT. We made 5 measurements from the PMCT that included cervical length (CL), thoracic length (TL), lumbosacral length (LS), total column length of the spine, excluding the sacrum and coccyx (TCL), and ellipse line measurement of the whole spine, excluding the sacrum and coccyx (EL). We compared these anthropometric PMCT measurements with AL and correlated them using linear regression analysis.
RESULTS: The results showed a significant linear relationship existed between TL and LS with AL, which was higher in comparison with the other parameters than the rest of the spine parameters. The linear regression formula derived was: 48.163 + 2.458 (TL) + 2.246 (LS).
CONCLUSIONS: The linear regression formula derived from PMCT spine length parameters particularly thoracic and lumbar spine gave a finer correlation with autopsy body length and can be used for accurate estimation of cadaveric height. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first ever linear regression formula for cadaveric height assessment using only post mortem CT spine length measurements.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Fulltext A case report of pyomyoma: radiological diagnosis of a potentially fatal complication of uterine leiomyoma.

Mubarak, M.Y., Noordini, M.D.

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2008;7(2):63-65.
MyJurnal

Pyomyoma (suppurative leiomyoma) is a rare complication of uterine leiomyoma. It results from infarction and infection of a leiomyoma. It may lead to diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties with potential complications such as bacteraemia, uterine rupture, compressive effect to adjacent structures and even death. We report a case of pyomyoma based on the Ultrasound (US) and Computed Tomography (CT) findings and literature review on the subject.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Fulltext Primary large B cell lymphoma of the parotid gland: case report

Almothafar, B., Wong, L., Noorafidah, M.D.

JUMMEC, 2011;14(1):26-30.
MyJurnal

Primary parotid lymphoma is uncommon and rarely suspected. In most cases, the disease would have disseminated at the time of diagnosis. We describe a case of primary non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the parotid gland which progressed to the central nervous system. Clinical history is of limited value in identifying this condition. Diagnostic imaging studies (CT or MRI) may indicate whether or not the mass is salivary in origin but do not help to confirm the diagnosis. In this case, it was deemed that FNA alone is incapable of determining the precise histological subtype for lymphoma, whilst a tru-cut biopsy demonstrated a more sensitive method of determining the diagnosis. The lessons learned from this case would prove useful for other health care providers to make an early diagnosis and hopefully manage more effectively if similar conditions appear in their practice. Performing the appropriate measures can help to not only improve the prognosis but may even avert the prospect of unnecessary surgery.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Fulltext Small scale imaging using ultrasonic tomography

Zakaria, Z., Fazalul Rahiman, M.H., Abdul Rahim, R., Megat Ali, M.S.A., Baharuddin, M.Y., Jahidin, A.H.

Journal of Nuclear and Related Technologies, 2009;2009(1):266-281.
MyJurnal

Ultrasound technology progressed through the 1960’s from simple A-mode and B-mode scans to today’s M-mode and Doppler two dimensional (2-D) and even three dimensional (3-D) systems. Modern ultrasound imaging has its roots in sonar technology after it was first described by Lord John Rayleigh over 100 years ago on the interaction of acoustic waves with media. Tomography technique was developed as a diagnostic tool in the medical area since the early of 1970’s. This research initially focused on how to retrieve a cross sectional images from living or non-living things. After a decade, the application of tomography systems span into the industrial area. However, the long exposure time of medical radiation-based method cannot tolerate the dynamic changes in industrial process two phase liquid/gas flow system.. An alternative system such as a process tomography system, can give information on the nature of the flow regime characteristic. The overall aim of this paper is to investigate the use of a small scale ultrasonic tomography method based on ultrasonic transmission mode tomography for online monitoring of liquid/gas flow in pipe/vessel system through ultrasonic transceivers application. This non-invasive technique applied sixteen transceivers as the sensing elements to cover the pipe/vessel cross section. The paper also details the transceivers selection criteria, hardware setup, the electronic measurement circuit and also the image reconstruction algorithm applied. The system was found capable of visualizing the internal characteristics and provides the concentration profile for the corresponding liquid and gas phases.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Fulltext Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma: a case series

Chen, C.Y., Nor Hidayah, A.B., Adil, H.

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2013;9(2):69-72.
MyJurnal

In this paper, we report three cases of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma in different age groups with different histopathologic types. Case 1 is a 10-year old Malay boy who presented with painless proptosis of the left eye. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed soft tissue mass arising from the lateral rectus muscle. Tissue biopsy revealed rhabdomyosarcoma of embryonal type. Case 2 is a 32-year old Malay man who presented with a progressive left eye proptosis associated with pain and redness. Computed Tomography (CT) scan showed a retrobulbar mass extending medially in the left orbit. Meanwhile, biopsy showed rhabdomyosarcoma of pleomorphic type. Case 3 is a 67-year old Malay woman who presented with proptosis and fungating growth of left orbital region, epistaxis and nasal blockage. CT scan revealed an ill-defined mass filling up the left orbital cavity. Biopsy showed rhabdomyosarcoma of alveolar type. Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common in childhood but it should be considered as a differential diagnosis of orbital tumours irrespective of age.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Fulltext Characterization of a gas-purge method to access 11C-carbondioxide radioactivity in blood

Ng, Yen, Green Mark, A.

Jurnal Sains Nuklear Malaysia, 2014;26(2):14-16.
MyJurnal

Carbon-11 labeled radiotracers, such as 11C-acetate and
11C-palmitate are widely used in positron
emission tomography (PET) for noninvasive evaluation of myocardial metabolism under varied
physiological conditions.These tracers are attractive probes of tissue physiology, because they are
simply radiolabled versions of the native biochemical substrates. One of the major metabolites
generated by these tracers upon the administration is 11CO2 produced via the citric acid cycle. In
quantitative modeling of
11C-acetate and
11C-palmitate PET data, the fraction of blood
11C
radioactivity present as
11CO2 needs to be measured to obtain a correct radiotracer arterial
input function. Accordingly, the literature describes a method whereby the total blood
11C-activity
is counted in blood samples treated with base solution, while the fraction of
1 1CO2 is measured
after the blood is treated with acid followed by a 10 minutes gas-purge. However, a detailed
description of the experimental validation of this method was not provided. The goal of this study
was to test the reliability of a 10 minute gas purging method used to assay
11CO2 radioactivity in
blood

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Fulltext Ambiguous presentations of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: Two case reports of a rare pulmonary malignancy

Soo CI, Ng BH, Tan EL, Abdul Hamid F

SAGE Open Med Case Rep, 2016;4:2050313X16650323.
PMID: 27489719 DOI: 10.1177/2050313X16650323

Pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is an uncommon lung malignancy of endothelial origin. Besides demonstrating unpredictable presentation features and prognosis, the paucity of established treatment guidelines remains a challenge in managing these patients. We present two patients. The first patient presented with chronic productive cough over 1-year duration. He was initially diagnosed and showed partial response to treatment for cardiac failure. A persistent right upper zone consolidation on chest radiograph prompted further investigations which revealed the diagnosis of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. The second patient presented with right-sided hemiparesis for 1-month duration. Initial computer tomography scan of the brain showed findings of distant metastatic foci. Subsequent investigations revealed pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma as the primary lesion. Both patients succumbed without any treatment due to rapid progression of the disease. We believe that pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is undoubtedly rarely reported in south-east Asia region. In these two case reports, the patients were diagnosed in west and east Malaysia, respectively, in the same year (2015). Both cases highlight the increasing prevalence of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. We postulate that this could possibly be secondary to the advancement in diagnostic capabilities and improved healthcare facilities available in this region. Late presentation of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma generally results in grave prognosis. Further investigations are required to elucidate the nature of progression and therapeutic options for patients with pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Changes in rumen protozoal community by condensed tannin fractions of different molecular weights from a Leucaena leucocephala hybrid in vitro

Saminathan M, Gan HM, Abdullah N, Wong CMVL, Ramiah SK, Tan HY, et al.

J Appl Microbiol, 2017 Apr 23.
PMID: 28434189 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13477

AIMS: To evaluate the effects of condensed tannins (CTs) fractions of differing molecular weights (MWs) from a Leucaena leucocephala hybrid-Rendang on the rumen protozoal community in vitro.
METHODS AND RESULTS: The effects of unfractionated CTs (F0) and CT fractions of different MWs (F1 > F2 > F3 > F4 > F5) on protozoal population and community were evaluated in vitro using rumen microbes and ground guinea grass as the substrate. Higher-MW CT fractions F1 and F2 significantly (P

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Fulltext Lateral thyroid cartilage thyrotomy approach to an embedded paraglottic fishbone

Wong HT, Tham SY, Elangkumaran K, Ng W, Sia KJ

Ann R Coll Surg Engl, 2017 Mar;99(3):e1-e2.
PMID: 28071949 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2017.0010

Fishbones are of particular interest to otolaryngologists. Most fishbones can be removed transorally or via endoscopic guidance. Transcervical neck exploration is occasionally necessary, especially in cases of an embedded foreign body. Computed tomography is the most sensitive and specific imaging modality for identifying embedded fishbones. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a laryngeal foreign body embedded in the paraglottic space that was removed using an open approach via a lateral thyroid cartilage window.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Epiploic Appendagitis: An uncommon surgical diagnosis

Michael A, Zakry Y, Hanif H

Med J Malaysia, 2017 04;72(2):128-129.
PMID: 28473679 MyJurnal

Epiploic appendagitis or appendices epiploicae, is a rare cause of abdominal pain in patients with mild signs of abdominal pathology. It mimics diverticulitis or appendicitis clinically as there are no pathognomonic features. It is a surgical diagnosis presenting with localised, sharp, acute abdominal pain, not associated with symptoms like nausea, vomiting, fever or suggestive laboratory values. With the availability of abdominal CT scans and ultrasound, it will frequently be a differential diagnosis preventing unnecessary surgery for patients. However, it may be erroneous and therefore clinical judgement is of paramount importance. This report highlights this rare presentation and identifies management guidelines.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Recurrent Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma of Endometrium With Bone Metastases

Khoo ACH, Rashid NKA

Clin Nucl Med, 2017 Aug;42(8):635-636.
PMID: 28481802 DOI: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000001694

Endometrial cancer, a common cancer affecting women, has the tendency to metastasize to the lung and liver. Bone metastases in endometrial cancers are rare and accounts for less than 1% of the overall incidence of metastases. We report a case of a 30-year-old single nulliparous woman with metastatic recurrence of endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium involving the pelvic bone, and the role of bone scintigraphy in detection and staging of the disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Fulltext Primary adenocarcinoma of the fallopian tube mimicking pelvic inflammatory disease

Tamby, M.R., Juliana, M.B., Wan Hamilton, W.H., Masir, N., Hemlata, K.G.

Medicine & Health, 2011;6(2):139-142.
MyJurnal

Primary fallopian tube carcinomas are rare and are difficult to diagnose preoperatively.
We describe a fallopian tube carcinoma in a 50-year-old lady who presented with symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease. Ultrasound examination showed bilateral hydrosalphinx. However, CT scan showed features suggestive of a malignant ovarian tumour. At surgery, a markedly dilated left fallopian tube was found and histopathological examination confirmed the presence of a primary serous adenocarcinoma. The uterus and both ovaries were free of tumour. This report highlights that carcinoma of the fallopian tube should be considered as a differential diagnosis in females who present with lower abdominal pain.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Fulltext Evaluation of time-dependent pathways in an acute ischemic stroke protocol that incorporates CT perfusion: a tertiary referral center experience

Hilwati, Hashim, Radhiana Hassan, Syazarina Sharis, Shahrul Azmin, Rabani Remli, Shahizon Azura Mukari, et al.

Neurology Asia, 2013;18(4):355-360.
MyJurnal

Background and Objective: Intravenous thrombolysis service for stroke was introduced at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) in 2009, based on the recommendations of a multidisciplinary team of clinicians. We report the experience at our center in establishing a stroke protocol incorporating computed tomography perfusion (CTP) of the brain, to assess the feasibility of incorporating CTP in the stroke protocol.
Methods: A retrospective review of all patients who had a CTP between January 2010 and December 2011 was performed. Results: Of 272 patients who were admitted with acute ischemic stroke, 44 (16.2%) arrived within 4.5 hours from symptom onset and had a CTP performed with the intention to treat. The median time for symptom-to-door, symptom-to-scan and door-to-scan was 90.0 minutes (62.5 – 146.3), 211.0 minutes (165.5 – 273.5) and 85.0 minutes (48.0 – 144.8) respectively. Eight patients (2.9%) were thrombolysed of whom five received IV thrombolysis and three underwent mechanical thrombolysis. The median symptom-to-needle and door-to-needle times were 290.5 minutes (261.3 – 405.0) and 225.0 minutes (172.5 – 316.8) respectively. Four patients were thrombolysed despite being outside the window of treatment based on the CTP findings. Six of the thrombolysed patients had a Modified Rankin Score (MRS) of 1-2 at 5 months post procedure.
Conclusions: CTP provides a benefit to management decisions and subsequent patient outcome. It is feasible to incorporate CTP as a standard imaging modality in a stroke protocol. The delays in the time-dependent pathways are due to our work flow and organisational process rather than performing the CTP per se.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Fulltext Cognitive impairments in mild traumatic brain injury and genetic polymorphism of apolipoprotein E: A preliminary study in a Level I trauma center

Veeramuthu, Vigneswaran, Pancharatnam, Devaraj, Poovindran, Anada Raj, Nur Atikah Mustapha, Wong, Kum Thong, Mazlina Mazlan, et al.

Neurology Asia, 2014;19(1):69-77.
MyJurnal

The complex pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, its cascading effects and a varied outcome suggest that factors such as genetics may permeate and modulate the neurocognitive outcomes in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). This study was conducted to determine the relationship between genetic polymorphism of apolipoprotein E, and neurocognitive and functional outcomes in mTBI. Twenty-one patients with mTBI were recruited prospectively. The severity of the injury was established with the Glasgow Coma Score (GCS). Other assessments included the CT Scan of the head on admission, Disability Rating Scale, Chessington Occupational Therapy Neurological Assessment (COTNAB) and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). The Spearmen correlation analysis of ApoE allele status and the cognitive and functional assessments saw some association with the Sensory Motor Ability - Coordination (-0.526, p

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Spontaneous retrobulbar haemorrhage secondary to orbital varices of inferior ophthalmic vein-a case report

Haizul, I.M., Umi Kalthum, M.N., Mae-Lynn, C.B., Faridah, H.A.

Journal of Surgical Academia, 2012;2(2):49-51.
MyJurnal

A 50-year-old Chinese man presented with sudden onset of painful right eye, diplopia, and redness associated with headache and deteriorating vision. Examination revealed obvious proptosis with elevated intraocular pressure. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed presence of retrobulbar haemmorhage. Emergency lateral canthotomy and cantholysis was performed followed by medical orbital decompression, resulting in improvements in visual acuity, and other ocular symptoms. The diagnosis of thrombosed orbital varices involving inferior ophthalmic vein was confirmed on radiological- angiographic study. To date, he is symptoms-free with good visual acuity. Immediate surgical decompression with lateral cantholysis for retrobulbar haemorrhage was effective in the treatment of retrobulbar haemorrhage.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Fulltext Management of renal cell carcinoma in von hippel-lindau syndrome: case report and review of literature

Aroona, S., Shamsuddin, O.

Journal of Surgical Academia, 2015;5(1):75-78.
MyJurnal

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the one of the most common type of of cancer of the kidneys affecting adults. A 35- year-old man, with Von Hippel Lindau (VHL) syndrome was referred for bilateral renal mass in a follow up CT for evaluation. Open partial left nephrectomy was performed and the final histopathological report confirmed the diagnosis. One of the most important genetic and hereditary risk factor for RCC is Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (VHL). RCC in VHL may occur bilaterally in some cases, so preserving renal parenchymal function is a major therapeutic goal and nephron sparing surgery provides a favorable patient outcome.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Fulltext Post Stroke Laughter – A Case Report

Amarpreet, K., Nor Zuraida, Z., Ng, C.G., Aida, S.A.

Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2008;17(2):1-5.
MyJurnal

Pathological laughing or crying (PLC) were recognized after the occurrence of stroke, with a prevalence of 15% to 18%. There is no apparent triggering stimulus, and is often misdiagnosed as a mood disorder as it is a disorder of emotional expression rather than a primary disturbance of feeling. We reported a case of a 32 year old lady, who presented with giddiness and altered consciousness progressing to fever and neck stiffness, who’s CT showed a massive left cerebellar infarct. No risk factors were identified. Psychiatrically, she developed sudden crying spells after one month and a diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder was made with subsequent commencement of anti-depressants. A week later, she developed continuous inappropriate laughter without the feeling of elation, which was beyond her control. There were no symptoms of mania or psychosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Filters

Please provide feedback to Administrator ([email protected])

External Links