MyMedR

Computed tomographic morphometry of thoracic pedicles: safety margin of transpedicular screw fixation in malaysian malay population

Liau KM, Yusof MI, Abdullah MS, Abdullah S, Yusof AH

Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2006 Jul 15;31(16):E545-50.

PMID: 16845341

A cross-sectional study of thoracic pedicle morphometry (T1-T12) of 180 Malaysian Malay patients obtained from computed tomographic scan.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

Vascular tumours disguising as solid organ injuries on computed tomography: a report of two cases

Chan KY, Yoong CK, Naqiyah I, Norlia A

Nepal Med Coll J, 2004 Dec;6(2):152-3.

PMID: 16295751

We report two cases of uncommon vascular lesions (Littoral cell angioma and liver haemangioma) mimicking traumatic organ injuries. The patients' histories and clinical findings of trauma were well demonstrated. Both patients had interesting CT scan features that were suggestive of solid organ injuries. However, both conditions were subsequently found to be benign incidental lesions.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

MRI and CT findings of cryptococcal vaginitis

Ranganathan S, Moosa F, Kamarulzaman A, Looi LM

Br J Radiol, 2005 Apr;78(928):353-4.

PMID: 15774599

Cryptococcus neoformans is a yeast like fungus, which is commonly found in bird droppings, especially pigeons. Most cases of cryptococcal infections occur in immunocompromised patients or in those who are on long term immunosuppressant therapies. Cryptococcal infection usually presents as a meningoencephalitis or a pulmonary infection. Skin, bone and genital infections are very rare. We report the second case of vaginal cryptococcossis to be reported in English literature and the first to be imaged with CT and MRI.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods

Fulltext Surface Reconstruction from Parallel Curves with Application to Parietal Bone Fracture Reconstruction

Majeed A, Mt Piah AR, Ridzuan Yahya Z

PLoS One, 2016;11(3):e0149921.

PMID: 26967643 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149921

Maxillofacial trauma are common, secondary to road traffic accident, sports injury, falls and require sophisticated radiological imaging to precisely diagnose. A direct surgical reconstruction is complex and require clinical expertise. Bio-modelling helps in reconstructing surface model from 2D contours. In this manuscript we have constructed the 3D surface using 2D Computerized Tomography (CT) scan contours. The fracture part of the cranial vault are reconstructed using GC1 rational cubic Ball curve with three free parameters, later the 2D contours are flipped into 3D with equidistant z component. The constructed surface is represented by contours blending interpolant. At the end of this manuscript a case report of parietal bone fracture is also illustrated by employing this method with a Graphical User Interface (GUI) illustration.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods

Proptosis--Correlation and Agreement between Hertel Exophthalmometry and Computed Tomography

Ramli N, Kala S, Samsudin A, Rahmat K, Abidin ZZ

Orbit, 2015;34(5):257-62.

PMID: 26186249 DOI: 10.3109/01676830.2015.1057291

To determine the correlation and agreement between Hertel exophthalmometry and computed tomography (CT) of the orbits in measuring proptosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods*

Fulltext 3D multimodal cardiac data reconstruction using angiography and computerized tomographic angiography registration

Moosavi Tayebi R, Wirza R, Sulaiman PS, Dimon MZ, Khalid F, Al-Surmi A, et al.

J Cardiothorac Surg, 2015;10:58.

PMID: 25896185 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-015-0249-2

Computerized tomographic angiography (3D data representing the coronary arteries) and X-ray angiography (2D X-ray image sequences providing information about coronary arteries and their stenosis) are standard and popular assessment tools utilized for medical diagnosis of coronary artery diseases. At present, the results of both modalities are individually analyzed by specialists and it is difficult for them to mentally connect the details of these two techniques. The aim of this work is to assist medical diagnosis by providing specialists with the relationship between computerized tomographic angiography and X-ray angiography.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods*

Loss of weight in a female heavy smoker with diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis

Al-Adsani A, Dahniya MH, Al-Adsani N

Postgrad Med J, 2001 Feb;77(904):127, 137-8.

PMID: 11161092

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods

Fulltext Chronic pain management--upper visceral malignancies coeliac plexus block with CT scanning--a case report

Choy YC, Puvenesvari S, Samad S

Med J Malaysia, 1998 Sep;53(3):277-9.

PMID: 10968166

Coeliac plexus block has been described more than seventy years ago and is widely used for chronic pain management in upper visceral malignancies. The technique described here is a posterior approach using CT scan guidance with absolute ethyl alcohol. A case illustration of a patient with carcinoma of pancreas managed with coeliac plexus block for pain control is presented.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

Wavelet-based compression of medical images: filter-bank selection and evaluation

Saffor A, bin Ramli AR, Ng KH

Australas Phys Eng Sci Med, 2003 Jun;26(2):39-44.

PMID: 12956184

Wavelet-based image coding algorithms (lossy and lossless) use a fixed perfect reconstruction filter-bank built into the algorithm for coding and decoding of images. However, no systematic study has been performed to evaluate the coding performance of wavelet filters on medical images. We evaluated the best types of filters suitable for medical images in providing low bit rate and low computational complexity. In this study a variety of wavelet filters are used to compress and decompress computed tomography (CT) brain and abdomen images. We applied two-dimensional wavelet decomposition, quantization and reconstruction using several families of filter banks to a set of CT images. Discreet Wavelet Transform (DWT), which provides efficient framework of multi-resolution frequency was used. Compression was accomplished by applying threshold values to the wavelet coefficients. The statistical indices such as mean square error (MSE), maximum absolute error (MAE) and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) were used to quantify the effect of wavelet compression of selected images. The code was written using the wavelet and image processing toolbox of the MATLAB (version 6.1). This results show that no specific wavelet filter performs uniformly better than others except for the case of Daubechies and bi-orthogonal filters which are the best among all. MAE values achieved by these filters were 5 x 10(-14) to 12 x 10(-14) for both CT brain and abdomen images at different decomposition levels. This indicated that using these filters a very small error (approximately 7 x 10(-14)) can be achieved between original and the filtered image. The PSNR values obtained were higher for the brain than the abdomen images. For both the lossy and lossless compression, the 'most appropriate' wavelet filter should be chosen adaptively depending on the statistical properties of the image being coded to achieve higher compression ratio.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods*

Computed tomography of the brain in predicting outcome of traumatic intracranial haemorrhage in Malaysian patients

Azian AA, Nurulazman AA, Shuaib L, Mahayidin M, Ariff AR, Naing NN, et al.

Acta Neurochir (Wien), 2001;143(7):711-20.

PMID: 11534693

Head injury is a significant economic, social and medical problem all over the world. Road accidents are the most frequent cause of head injury in Malaysia with highest risk in the young (15 to 24 years old). The associated outcomes include good recovery, possibility of death for the severely injured, which may cause disruption of the lives of their family members. It is important to predict the outcome as it will provide sound information to assist clinicians in Malaysia in providing prognostic information to patients and their families, to assess the effectiveness of different modes of treatment in promoting recovery and to document the significance of head injury as a public health problem.

RESULTS: A total of 103 cases with intracranial haemorrhage i.e. intracerebral haemorrhage, extradural haemorrhage, subdural haemorrhage, intraventricular haemorrhage, haemorrhagic contusion and subarachnoid haemorrhage, following motor vehicle accidents was undertaken to study factors contributing to either good or poor outcome according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale. Patients below 12 years of age were excluded. The end point of the study was taken at 24 months post injury. The selected variables were incorporated into models generated by logistic regression techniques of multivariate analysis to see the significant predictors of outcome as well as the correlation between the CT findings with GCS.

CONCLUSION: Significant predictors of outcome were GCS on arrival in the accident emergency department, pupillary reflex and the CT scan findings. The CT predictors of outcome include ICH, EDH, IVH, present of SAH, site of ICH, volumes of EDH and SDH as well as midline shift.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

Fulltext Ultrasound (US) and computed tomographic (CT) appearances of large (giant) hepatic cavernous hemangiomas

Samad SA, Maimunah A, Zulfiqar A, Zaharah M

Med J Malaysia, 1995 Mar;50(1):82-6.

PMID: 7752982

The sonographic and CT appearances of 9 large cavernous hemangiomas of the liver were studied. On sonography, 6 masses (67%) exhibit heterogenous echo pattern; where in 2 patients the echotexture was a mixture of hypoechoic and isoechoic areas and in 4 patients there are varying amounts of bright hyperreflective areas similar to the texture typical of small hemangiomas. The masses were predominantly hypoechoic in the remaining 3 patients (33%). Incremental bolus or bolus-infusion dynamic CT showed peripheral contrast enhancement of varying intensities and thickness in all patients. The lesions were incorrectly diagnosed as hepatomas in 4 patients, suspected as hemangiomas with a differential diagnosis of hepatomas in 4 patients and an early liver abscess in 1 patient. It is concluded that large cavernous hemangiomas of the liver do not exhibit the typical homogenous hyperreflective echotexture as exhibited by small lesions and they mimic primary and secondary hepatic neoplasms. However, the diagnosis of hemangioma should be entertained when such a mass contains bright hyperechoic areas within its heterogenous echo pattern and exhibit peripheral enhancement on contrast enhanced CT. In addition to correlation with appropriate clinical information, confirmation of diagnosis include delayed scanning during a routine incremental bolus dynamic CT, single-slice dynamic contrast enhanced CT, angiography or isotope scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging depending on the availability of facility.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

Computed tomography and ultrasonography: a comparative study in the diagnosis of analgesic nephropathy

Segasothy M, Abdul Samad S, Zulfiqar A, Shaariah W, Morad Z, Prasad Menon S

Nephron, 1994;66(1):62-6.

PMID: 8107955

Computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography (US) were performed in 40 patients who had consumed excessive quantities of analgesics (> 1 kg) to compare their value in the diagnosis of analgesic nephropathy (AN). The computed tomography and sonographic features were renal papillary calcifications. Renal papillary necrosis (RPN) was documented in 20 of 40 patients by US and in 14 of 40 patients by CT. In 11 patients, both US and CT were positive. In 9 patients, US was positive whilst CT was negative. In 3 patients, CT was positive whilst US was negative. Prevalence of RPN was 50% using US and 35% using CT. Using US as a gold standard, sensitivity of CT was 55%, specificity 85%, positive predictive value 78.6% and negative predictive value 34.6%. Percent agreement with CT and US was 70%. Cohen's kappa statistic adjusting for chance agreement was 40%. Based on these results, it is found that US yielded a higher percentage of positive cases of RPN.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed/statistics & numerical data

The role of 67gallium scintigraphy and high resolution computed tomography as predictors of disease activity in sputum smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis

Lai FM, Liam CK, Paramsothy M, George J

Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 1997 Dec;1(6):563-9.

PMID: 9487455

University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

CT scan changes in multiple sclerosis among Malaysian patients

Tan CT, Abdullah D, Zakariya AH

Neuroradiology, 1991;33(6):494-8.

PMID: 1780049

A study of 12 patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis (CDMS) using high dose infusion CT showed overall abnormality of 75% with an average of 2.5 lesions per patient. 75% of the patients showed abnormality of the cerebrum, mostly asymptomatic. The main changes were ventricular dilatation and asymmetry, isolated or generalized cerebral atrophy, areas of low attenuation mainly in the deeper parts of the cerebrum and the peri-ventricular area. 25% of the patients showed changes in the brainstem and none was seen in the cerebellum. The abnormality was more florid in patients with clinically disseminated forms of the disease. The study demonstrated that asymptomatic cerebral involvement is common among Asian patients with MS and CT is a useful tool in the overall assessment and diagnosis of Asian MS patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

Hypodense bubbles in acute extradural haematomas following venous sinus tear. A CT scan appearance

Chee CP, Habib ZA

Neuroradiology, 1991;33(2):152-4.

PMID: 2046901

Between January 1982 and December 1989, 12 patients with 13 acute extradural haematomas as a result of injury involving the venous sinuses were treated by the first author. The CT scan appearances in 6 cases were remarkable in that there were large bubbles of low density in the hyperdense haematomas and liquid blood was found during the operation. The possible underlying pathophysiological changes that gave rise to this appearance are discussed. The CT scan appearance and the proximity of the clot to the venous sinuses should alert the neurosurgeon to the high probabilities of venous sinus tear such that proper treatment can be offered.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

Granulomatous pulmonary zygomycosis in a patient without underlying illness. Computed tomographic appearances and treatment by pneumonectomy

Majid AA, Yii NW

Chest, 1991 Aug;100(2):560-1.

PMID: 1864139

Pulmonary zygomycosis rarely occurs in the absence of underlying disease. We report a patient with granulomatous pulmonary zygomycosis without underlying disease who presented with a pulmonary mass. We present the computed tomographic findings that we believe have not been described previously. We also report the successful treatment by pneumonectomy.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

Relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with high CA-125 mimicking ovarian tumour

Leong CF, Cheong SK, Ng P, Amran AR

Hosp Med, 2003 Nov;64(11):686-7.

PMID: 14671884

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods

Primary spontaneous pneumothorax in children: factors predicting recurrence and contralateral occurrence

Ng GYH, Nah SA, Teoh OH, Ong LY

Pediatr Surg Int, 2020 Mar;36(3):383-389.

PMID: 31993738 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-020-04619-x

BACKGROUND: The risk factors for recurrence in primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) in children are not well known. We aimed to identify possible risk factors, and to evaluate the utility of computerised tomography (CT) scans in predicting future episodes.

METHODS: We reviewed children aged

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods*

Dosimetric response of fabricated Ge-doped optical fibres in computed tomography RQT beam quality x-ray beams

Rais NNM, Bradley DA, Hashim A, Isa NM, Osman ND, Ismail I, et al.

J Radiol Prot, 2019 Sep;39(3):N8-N18.

PMID: 31018196 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/ab1c16

Novel germanium (Ge)-doped silica glass fibres tailor-made in Malaysia are fast gaining recognition as potential media for thermoluminescence (TL) dosimetry, with active research ongoing into exploitation of their various beneficial characteristics. Investigation is made herein of the capability of these media for use in diagnostic imaging dosimetry, specifically at the radiation dose levels typically obtained in conduct of Computed Tomography (CT). As a first step within such efforts, there is need to investigate the performance of the fibres using tightly defined spectra, use being made of a Philips constant potential industrial x-ray facility, Model MG165, located at the Malaysian Nuclear Agency Secondary Standards Dosimetry Lab (SSDL). Standard radiation beam qualities (termed RQT) have been established for CT, in accord with IEC 61267: 2003 and IAEA Technical Reports Series No. 457: 2007. A calibrated ionisation chamber has also been utilised, forming a component part of the SSDL equipment. The fabricated fibres used in this study are 2.3 mol% flat fibre (FF) of dimensions 643 × 356 μm2 and 2.3 mol% cylindrical fibre (CF) of 481 μm diameter, while the commercial fibre used is 4 mol% with core diameter of 50 μm. The dopant concentrations are nominal preform values. The fibres have been irradiated to doses of 20, 30 and 40 milligray (mGy) for each of the beam qualities RQT 8, RQT 9 and RQT 10. For x-rays generated at constant potential values from 100 to 150 kV, a discernible energy-dependent response is seen, comparisons being made with that of lithium fluoride (LiF) thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLD-100). TL yield versus dose has also been investigated for x-ray doses from 2 to 40 mGy, all exhibiting linearity. Compared to TLD-100, greater sensitivity is observed for the fibres.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

Shape-based interpolation method in measuring intracranial volume for pre- and post-operative decompressive craniectomy using open source software

Abdullah JY, Rajion ZA, Martin AG, Jaafar A, Ghani ARI, Abdullah JM

Neurocirugia (Astur : Engl Ed), 2019 02 16;30(3):115-123.

PMID: 30782505 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucir.2018.12.004

INTRODUCTION: Intracranial volume (ICV) is an important tool in the management of patients undergoing decompressive craniectomy (DC) surgery. The aim of this study was to validate ICV measurement applying the shape-based interpolation (SBI) method using open source software on computed tomography (CT) images.

METHODS: The pre- and post-operative CT images of 55 patients undergoing DC surgery were analyzed. The ICV was measured by segmenting every slice of the CT images, and compared with estimated ICV calculated using the 1-in-10 sampling strategy and processed using the SBI method. An independent t test was conducted to compare the ICV measurements between the two different methods. The calculation using this method was repeated three times for reliability analysis using the intraclass correlations coefficient (ICC). The Bland-Altman plot was used to measure agreement between the methods for both pre- and post-operative ICV measurements.

RESULTS: The mean ICV (±SD) were 1341.1±122.1ml (manual) and 1344.11±122.6ml (SBI) for the preoperative CT data. The mean ICV (±SD) were 1396.4±132.4ml (manual) and 1400.53±132.1ml (SBI) for the post-operative CT data. No significant difference was found in ICV measurements using the manual and the SBI methods (p=.983 for pre-op, and p=.960 for post-op). The intrarater ICC showed a significant correlation; ICC=1.00. The Bland-Altman plot showed good agreement between the manual and the SBI method.

CONCLUSION: The shape-based interpolation method with 1-in-10 sampling strategy gave comparable results in estimating ICV compared to manual segmentation. Thus, this method could be used in clinical settings for rapid, reliable and repeatable ICV estimations.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

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