MyMedR

Pericardial Decompression Syndrome (PDS) is an uncommon but life-threatening complication following pericardiocentesis for cardiac tamponade. We report PDS after pericardiocentesis in two patients that presented to the emergency department with cardiac tamponade. In both cases, pericardiocentesis was performed under ultrasound guidance using the left parasternal approach and approximately 1200-1500 mL of pericardial fluid was removed. Immediately after pericardiocentesis, the haemodynamic status of the patients improved. However, 2-3 h post decompression, both patients developed hypotension and pulmonary edema with reduced left ventricular function, suggestive of PDS. PDS is a condition that is described as paradoxical worsening of vital signs after successful decompression of the pericardium in the setting of acute tamponade. Three possible mechanisms explaining PDS are ischaemic, hemodynamic and autonomic processes. If PDS is unrecognized and untreated, it is associated with a high mortality rate secondary to pulmonary edema and cardiogenic shock. If managed urgently, the cardiopulmonary dysfunction in PDS is usually transient and largely reversible with supportive care.

Matched MeSH terms: Cardiac Tamponade/etiology*; Pericardial Effusion/etiology*

A narrative review of the effects of sugar-sweetened beverages on human health: A key global health issue

Haque M, McKimm J, Sartelli M, Samad N, Haque SZ, Bakar MA

J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol, 2020 03 03;27(1):e76-e103.

PMID: 32170920 DOI: 10.15586/jptcp.v27i1.666

The provision of healthy and safe food is vital for human health, and the addition of unnecessary sugars in foodstuffs is an important global issue, leading to multiple long- and short-term health issues and spiraling costs for individuals and governments alike. The negative effect of excess sugar consumption contributes to adverse health conditions, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and poor oral health in both high and low resource settings. A key plank of governmental and health promotion bodies' nutritional guidance is to raise public awareness of "hidden" sugars, salt, and fats, such as found in processed foods and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), and guide individuals to reduce their consumption. This rapid narrative review brings together some of the key issues identified in the literature around the consumption of SSBs, including patterns of consumption, the general impact on human health and nutrition, specific effects on oral health and the oral microbiome, and strategies to address over-consumption. The range of long-term adverse effects on health is often misunderstood or unknown by the public. However, some strategies have succeeded in reducing the consumption of SSBs, including public health strategies and interventions and the imposition of taxes or levies, and this article makes recommendations for action.

Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology; Obesity/etiology

Wasted tongue in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders due to hypoglossal nerve involvement

Viswanathan S

Mult Scler, 2015 Apr;21(4):488-91.

PMID: 24948685 DOI: 10.1177/1352458514537698

We report two cases of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with hypoglossal nerve involvement resulting in a wasted tongue associated with other brainstem symptoms of hypogeusia, hypersalivation, hiccough, increased sweating, hyperemesis and myelitis (in the second patient). This occurred due to involvement of the hypoglossal, tractus solitarius and dorsal vagal nuclei. Though the myelitis and other brainstem signs recovered the hypoglossal nerve involvement resulting in a unilateral wasted tongue did not. It is important to consider neuromyelitis optica and its spectrum disorders in the differential diagnosis of a wasted tongue though its occurrence is rare.

Matched MeSH terms: Tongue Diseases/etiology*; Hypoglossal Nerve Diseases/etiology*

Pregnancy and Dumping Syndrome post-bariatric surgery: a case report

Edawati DE, Abigail J, Mardiana K, Ming-Cheng C, Harris NS

Med J Malaysia, 2017 04;72(2):133-134.

PMID: 28473681 MyJurnal

This case report discusses dumping syndrome in the postbariatric mother. Diagnostically a challenge, the symptoms of postprandial hypoglycaemia mimic common early gestation complaints and may go undiagnosed, thus requiring a high index of suspicion. As weight-loss surgery gains traction, it is pertinent to note at booking and followups. The pregnancy is at-risk and multidisciplinary team management is central. The mainstay of management remains diet modification. There have been case reports of successful medical treatment of dumping syndrome in pregnancy with good maternal and fetal outcomes. However, more data is needed regarding the usage of these medical treatments in pregnancy.

Matched MeSH terms: Dumping Syndrome/etiology; Pregnancy Complications/etiology*

Heavy Trichuris infection and amoebic dysentery in Orang Asli children. A comparison of the two diseases

Gilman RH, Davis C, Fitzgerald F

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1976;70(4):313-6.

PMID: 1006759

Children with heavy Trichuris infestation were compared with paediatric amoebic dysentery patients and normal children. Heavy Trichuris infestation was diagnosed by visualization of worms on anoscopy. Patients with heavy Trichuris infection had a longer duration of disease, more frequent hospitalization and a higher rate of rectal prolapse than did patients with amoebiasis. Five Trichuris children also had clubbing. Trichuris patients had lower mean haematrocrits (27%) and serum albumin (3-3 gm%) than did patients with amoebiasis (32% and 3-7 gm% respectively). Coinfection with Shigella and Salmonella was significantly increased in patients with heavy Trichuris infection compared to both amoebic and control group children. Trichuris patients were infected with Entamoeba histolytica more frequently (46%) than normal children. Heavy Trichuris infection is the probable cause of symptoms and signs seen in these patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Diarrhea/etiology; Rectal Prolapse/etiology

Letter: Stool characteistics and western diseases

Balasegaram M, Burkitt DP

Lancet, 1976 Jan 17;1(7951):152.

PMID: 54670

Matched MeSH terms: Appendicitis/etiology; Intestinal Neoplasms/etiology

Osteogenesis imperfecta. Report of two adult cases with severe deformity

Chew Kew-Kim

Med J Malaya, 1969 Sep;24(1):62-70.

PMID: 4243846

Matched MeSH terms: Kyphosis/etiology; Lordosis/etiology

A pilot study on the effects of direct contact of two different surgical burs on the cadaveric lingual nerve

Al-Amery SM, Ngeow WC, Nambiar P, Naidu M

Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2018 Sep;47(9):1153-1160.

PMID: 29735199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2018.04.013

The lingual guttering technique for third molar surgery carries the risk of injury to the lingual nerve if the surgical bur comes into direct contact with it. This study investigated the extent of nerve injury caused by two different burs, a tungsten carbide bur and the Dentium implant bur; the latter is designed to be soft tissue friendly. This study also examined whether ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging are able to detect any injury inflicted. This cadaveric research involved subjecting 12 lingual nerves to the drilling effect of two different burs at two different speeds. The amount of damage caused was measured using different imaging modalities to assess their ability to detect the injury inflicted. At high speed, the Dentium bur caused a deeper and wider laceration than the carbide bur. At low speed, the laceration depths and widths caused by the two burs did not differ significantly. Ultrasound scanning was able to detect the nerve laceration at damaged sites observed using optical coherence tomography. Thus, a carbide bur (at low speed) would be preferable for lingual bone guttering, as it causes less laceration to the lingual nerve. In the event of a suspected injury, ultrasound scanning would provide an objective evaluation of the amount of nerve damage in vivo.

Matched MeSH terms: Lacerations/etiology*; Lingual Nerve Injuries/etiology*

Fulltext Simultaneous left-sided hypertensive putaminal and thalamic haemorrhages

Amin OS, Mahmood MM

BMJ Case Rep, 2017 Mar 08;2017.

PMID: 28275028 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-219300

Matched MeSH terms: Headache/etiology; Putaminal Hemorrhage/etiology*

Geographical Differences in Trigger Factors of Tension-Type Headaches and Migraines

Tai MS, Yet SXE, Lim TC, Pow ZY, Goh CB

Curr Pain Headache Rep, 2019 Feb 21;23(2):12.

PMID: 30790108 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-019-0760-6

In this review, we discussed the types and frequencies of trigger factors of primary headache [migraine and tension-type headache (TTH)] among adult patients. We assessed the influence of geographical location, ethnicity and gender on the various trigger factors of a migraine and a TTH. We also evaluated the trigger factors among the multi-ethnic Southeast Asian adult patients. In a recent study, odor triggered more migrainous headaches compared to the other primary headaches. Odor was observed to be specific of migraines. Moreover, stress is one of the most common trigger factors for patients with migraines and TTHs worldwide. Migrainous patients have an increased sensitivity in comparison to non-migrainous patients. Furthermore, these patients have much difficulty in adapting to the high level of sensitivity, and the sensitized brain is therefore more vulnerable to trigger factors. In addition, the presence of one trigger factor may increase the exposure of other trigger factors. This phenomenon is more marked in the patients with migraines who have stress and menstruation as triggers, predisposing them to be more sensitive to other triggers. In conclusion, the geographical location factor has an influence on the trigger factors of headaches. Ethnicity may have an effect due to the cultural differences. Change in weather and sunlight are important commonly identified trigger factors for headaches. Moreover, gender differences in some trigger factors are present among the patients with headaches, especially sunlight and sleep deprivation. More research studies can be conducted to have a better understanding on trigger factors in the future. This will enable proper identification of trigger factors, leading to a decrease in the number of headache episodes and an improvement in quality of life for patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Migraine Disorders/etiology; Tension-Type Headache/etiology

Hepaticogastric fistulation from a proximally migrated biliary stent

Mahadeva S, Ranjeev P, Goh KL

Gastrointest Endosc, 2003 Aug;58(2):295-7.

PMID: 12872109

Matched MeSH terms: Gastric Fistula/etiology*; Digestive System Fistula/etiology*

Hemoperitoneum after accidental dislodgement and subsequent replacement of PEG tube

Tan YM, Abdullah M, Goh KL

Gastrointest Endosc, 2001 May;53(6):671-3.

PMID: 11323604

Matched MeSH terms: Hemoperitoneum/etiology*; Peritonitis/etiology

Incidence of Prosthetic Complications associated with Implant-borne Prosthesis in a Sleep Disorder Center

Suneel VB, Kotian S, Jujare RH, Shetty AK, Nidhi S, Grover S

J Contemp Dent Pract, 2017 Sep 01;18(9):821-825.

PMID: 28874648

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the common prevalent conditions present worldwide. The process of abnormal habits related to clenching and grinding of teeth is referred to as bruxism and is characterized under the heading of parafunctional activity of the masticatory system. Osseointegrated dental implants represent advancements in the field of odontology. Despite its high success rate, failure and complications are often associated with dental implant treatment due to a number of factors. Hence, we aimed for the present study to assess the incidence of prosthetic complications in patients rehabilitated with implant-borne prosthesis in a sleep disorder unit.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study included the assessment of all the patients who underwent prosthetic rehabilitation by dental implants. An experienced registered prosthodontist was given duty for examination of all the cases from the record file data. Prosthetic complications in the patients were identified using photographs, radiographs, and all other relevant data of the patients obtained from the record files. All types of complications and other factors were recorded separately and analyzed.

RESULTS: While correlating the prosthetic complications in OSA patients grouped based on number of dental implants, nonsignificant results were obtained. Significant correlation was observed while comparing the prosthetic complications divided based on type of prosthesis. Fracture of the porcelain was observed in four and eight cases respectively, of screwed and cemented dental implant cases.

CONCLUSION: Some amount of significant correlation existed between the incidences of prosthetic complications and OSA.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Proper history of the patients undergoing dental implant procedures should be taken to avoid failure.

Matched MeSH terms: Postoperative Complications/etiology; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/etiology

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