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  1. Sifat kinetik dan isoterma penjerapan formaldehid ke atas komposit serbuk serat kelapa sawit-TiO2
    Nor Rahafza Abdul Manap, Roslinda Shamsudin, Mohd Norhafsam MaghpoR, Muhammad Azmi Abdul Hamid, Azman Jalar
    Sains Malaysiana, 2017;46:953-965.
    Sifat isoterma dan kinetik penjerapan formaldehid ke atas komposit serbuk serat kelapa sawit-TiO2 yang melibatkan sistem gas-pepejal adalah dikaji. Komposit serbuk serat kelapa sawit-TiO2 dihasilkan dengan mencampurkan serbuk kelapa sawit dan serbuk TiO2 dengan nisbah 8:2 menggunakan teknik pengisaran mekanik. Pengujian dijalankan di dalam kebuk ujian dengan komposit serbuk kelapa sawit-TiO2 dibiarkan untuk menjerap dan mengurangkan nilai kepekatan formaldehid secara pasif. Didapati nilai penjerapan maksima dan sifat kinetik penjerapan bergantung kepada kepekatan awal formaldehid. Kepekatan awal, Ci, 2.1 ppm dan 0.5 ppm masing-masing diwakili oleh pseudo-tertib pertama dan pseudo tertib kedua, manakala Ci = 0.75 dan 0.9 ppm diwakili oleh model Elovich. Isoterma penjerapan formaldehid diwakili oleh isoterma Freundlich dengan nilai korelasi tertinggi R2 = 0.9397 berbanding nilai korelasi isoterma Langmuir (R2 = 0.8692) dan isoterma Temkin (R2 = 0.8756). Parameter keseimbangan, 0
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium
  2. Influence of Scanning on Nano Crystalline β-Ti Alloys Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting and Their Applications in Biomedical Science
    Yan L, Yu J, Zhong Y, Gu Y, Ma Y, Li W, et al.
    J Nanosci Nanotechnol, 2020 03 01;20(3):1605-1612.
    PMID: 31492322 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2020.17340
    The present study focuses on the microstructural and bioactive properties evolution in selective laser melting (SLM) β titanium alloys. We have applied cross-scan strategy for improving mechanical properties and lower elastic modulus of SLMed Ti-20Mg-5Ta alloys which has been shown to be altering the microstructure and refining the grain size. The cross-scan strategy can refine the microstructure and induce various deformation textures in contrast to the conventional scan strategy. The microstructures of Ti-20Mg-5Ta alloys indicate that the cross-scan strategy will yield the best mechanical properties and lower elastic modulus. The corrosion behavior of the Ti-20Mg-5Ta alloys was studied during immersion in an acellular simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37±0.50 °C for 28 days. Both the mechanical and bioactive properties showed that the novel Ti-20Mg-5Ta alloys should be ideal for bone implants.
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium*
  3. Schiff base complex/TiO2 chemosensor for visual detection of food freshness level
    Sahudin MA, Su'ait MS, Tan LL, Abd Karim NH
    Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc, 2021 Mar 05;248:119129.
    PMID: 33281086 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119129
    Histamine is one of the important biomarkers for food spoilage in the food sectors. In the present study, a rapid and simple analytical tool has been developed to detect histamine as an indirect strategy to monitor food freshness level. Optical histamine sensor with carboxyl-substituted Schiff base zinc(II) complex with hydroxypropoxy side chain deposited onto titanium dioxide nanoparticles was fabricated and was found to respond successfully to histamine. The Schiff base zinc(II) complex-histamine binding generated an enhancement of the fluorescent signal. Under the optimal reaction condition, the developed sensor can detect down to 2.53 × 10-10 M in the range of between 1.0 × 10-9 and 1.0 × 10-5 M (R2 = 0.9868). Selectivity performance of the sensor towards histamine over other amines was confirmed. The sensor also displayed good reproducibility performances with low relative standard deviation values (1.45%-4.95%). Shelf-life studies suggested that the developed sensor remains stable after 60 days in histamine detection. More importantly, the proposed sensor has been successfully applied to determine histamine in salmon fillet with good recoveries. This strategy has a promising potential in the food quality assurance sectors, especially in controlling the food safety for healthy consumption among consumers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium*
  4. Influence of alloying elements on cellular response and in-vitro corrosion behavior of titanium-molybdenum-chromium alloys for implant materials
    Mat-Baharin NH, Razali M, Mohd-Said S, Syarif J, Muchtar A
    J Prosthodont Res, 2020 Oct;64(4):490-497.
    PMID: 32063537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2020.01.004
    PURPOSE: Not all elements with β-stabilizing properties in titanium alloys are suitable for biomaterial applications, because corrosion and wear processes release the alloying elements to the surrounding tissue. Chromium and molybdenum were selected as the alloying element in this work as to find balance between the strength and modulus of elasticity of β-titanium alloys. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Titanium-10Molybdenum-10Chromium (Ti-10Mo-10Cr), Titanium-10Chromium (Ti-10Cr) and Titanium-10Molybdenum (Ti-10Mo) on the elemental leachability in tissue culture environment and their effect on the viability of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs).

    METHODS: Each alloy was immersed in growth medium for 0-21 days, and the elution was analyzed to detect the released metals. The elution was further used as the treatment medium and exposed to seeded HGFs overnight. The HGFs were also cultured directly to the titanium alloy for 1, 3 and 7 days. Cell viability was then determined.

    RESULTS: Six metal elements were detected in the immersion of titanium alloys. Among these elements, molybdenum released from Ti-10Mo-10Cr had the highest concentration throughout the immersion period. Significant difference in the viability of fibroblast cells treated with growth medium containing metals and with direct exposure technique was not observed. The duration of immersion did not significantly affect cell viability. Nevertheless, cell viability was significantly affected after 1 and 7 days of exposure, when the cells were grown directly onto the alloy surfaces.

    CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitation of this study, the newly developed β-titanium alloys are non-cytotoxic to human gingival fibroblasts.

    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium*
  5. Evaluating the critical strain energy release rate of bioactive glass coatings on Ti6Al4V substrates after degradation
    Matinmanesh A, Li Y, Nouhi A, Zalzal P, Schemitsch EH, Towler MR, et al.
    J Mech Behav Biomed Mater, 2018 02;78:273-281.
    PMID: 29190533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.11.015
    It has been reported that the adhesion of bioactive glass coatings to Ti6Al4V reduces after degradation, however, this effect has not been quantified. This paper uses bilayer double cantilever (DCB) specimens to determine GIC and GIIC, the critical mode I and mode II strain energy release rates, respectively, of bioactive coating/Ti6Al4V substrate systems degraded to different extents. Three borate-based bioactive glass coatings with increasing amounts of incorporated SrO (0, 15 and 25mol%) were enamelled onto Ti6Al4V substrates and then immersed in de-ionized water for 2, 6 and 24h. The weight loss of each glass composition was measured and it was found that the dissolution rate significantly decreased with increasing SrO content. The extent of dissolution was consistent with the hypothesis that the compressive residual stress tends to reduce the dissolution rate of bioactive glasses. After drying, the bilayer DCB specimens were created and subjected to nearly mode I and mode II fracture tests. The toughest coating/substrate system (one composed of the glass containing 25mol% SrO) lost 80% and 85% of its GIC and GIIC, respectively, in less than 24h of degradation. The drop in GIC and GIIC occurred even more rapidly for other coating/substrate systems. Therefore, degradation of borate bioactive glass coatings is inversely related to their fracture toughness when coated onto Ti6A4V substrates. Finally, roughening the substrate was found to be inconsequential in increasing the toughness of the system as the fracture toughness was limited by the cohesive toughness of the glass itself.
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium/chemistry*
  6. Fulltext Influence of Salts on the Photocatalytic Degradation of Formic Acid in Wastewater
    Che Abdul Rahim AN, Yamada S, Bonkohara H, Mestre S, Imai T, Hung YT, et al.
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022 Nov 26;19(23).
    PMID: 36497814 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315736
    Conventional wastewater treatment technologies have difficulties in feasibly removing persistent organics. The photocatalytic oxidation of these contaminants offers an economical and environmentally friendly solution. In this study, TiO2 membranes and Ag/TiO2 membranes were prepared and used for the decomposition of dissolved formic acid in wastewater. The photochemical deposition of silver on a TiO2 membrane improved the decomposition rate. The rate doubled by depositing ca. 2.5 mg of Ag per 1 g of TiO2. The influence of salinity on formic acid decomposition was studied. The presence of inorganic salts reduced the treatment performance of the TiO2 membranes to half. Ag/TiO2 membranes had a larger reduction of ca. 40%. The performance was recovered by washing the membranes with water. The anion adsorption on the membrane surface likely caused the performance reduction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium/chemistry
  7. Enhanced dye-removal performance of Cu-TiO2-fly ash composite by optimized adsorption and photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation
    Kanakaraju D, Jasni MAA, Pace A, Ya MH
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2021 Dec;28(48):68834-68845.
    PMID: 34282548 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15440-x
    The performance of Cu/TiO2/FA composite, a hybrid adsorbent-photocatalyst consisting of copper-doped titania particles supported on fly ash, was optimized, under visible light irradiation, for the removal of the model dye pollutant methyl orange (MO) by using a response surface methodology and Box-Behnken experimental design. Three independent variables were considered for the optimization study: catalyst/solvent dosage (0.5 - 2.0 g/L), irradiation time (30-120 min), and the initial concentration (5- 25 ppm) of the dye. A 99.91% rate of removal was achieved using 2 g/L dosage, 5 ppm initial concentration, and 100 min of irradiation time as the optimal operating conditions. The recorded trends support the hypothesis of a combined and synergic adsorption-photocatalytic degradation process which fully exploits the "capture and destroy" approach for pollutant removal.
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium*
  8. Enhancement of sonocatalytic degradation of organic dye by using titanium dioxide (TiO2)/activated carbon (AC) derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch
    Pang YL, Lim S, Lee RKL
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2020 Oct;27(28):34638-34652.
    PMID: 31102214 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05373-x
    A novel titanium dioxide/activated carbon (TiO2/AC) composite where AC derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) was synthesised by using sol-gel method. All the samples were characterised by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and surface analyser. SEM analysis showed that TiO2 particles were successfully embedded and well distributed on the AC surface. The elemental composition analysis found that the TiO2/AC composite contained titanium (Ti), oxygen (O) and carbon (C) atoms. Meanwhile, the appearance of new band at about 960 cm-1 which assigned to the Ti-O stretching was observed in the FTIR spectra when the AC was incorporated into TiO2. TGA analysis showed that the weight loss of 32 wt.% from 150 to 550 °C was due to the decomposition of amorphous carbon layers and loss of hydroxyl groups on TiO2. It was found that the TiO2/AC composite had better performance in the sonocatalytic degradation of malachite green as compared to the individual AC and TiO2 because the TiO2/AC composite had dual functionality and huge number of active sites which could promote the mass transfer of dye molecules towards catalyst surface. By using 1.5 g/L of TiO2/AC composite which calcined at 700 °C on 100 mL of 200 mg/L of malachite green at solution pH of 7, a degradation efficiency of 87.11% had been achieved after 30 min of ultrasonic irradiation. A lower chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal (81.75%) was observed because the structured dye molecules underwent mineralisation process during the sonocatalytic degradation to generate intermediate compounds. The TiO2/AC composite was able to be recycled and still achieved a high degradation efficiency of 76.78% after second catalytic cycle as compared to the fresh TiO2/AC composite with degradation efficiency of 87.11%. In conclusion, the TiO2/AC composite had high reusability and promising for practical applications in textile industry.
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium*
  9. Photocatalytic degradation of triclocarban in aqueous solution using a modified zeolite/TiO2 composite: kinetic, mechanism study and toxicity assessment
    Arifin SNH, Radin Mohamed RMS, Al-Gheethi A, Lai CW, Gopalakrishnan Y, Hairuddin ND, et al.
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2023 Feb;30(10):25103-25118.
    PMID: 34617227 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16732-y
    The current work aimed to investigate the degradation of the triclocarban (TCC) in aqueous solution using a modified zeolite/TiO2 composite (MZTC) synthesized by applying the electrochemical anodization (ECA). The synthesis process was conducted at different voltages (10, 40, and 60) V in 1 h and using electrophoresis deposition (EPD) in doping zeolite. The MZTC was covered with the array ordered, smooth and optimum elongated nanotubes with 5.1 μm of the length, 120.3 nm of the inner diameter 14.5 nm of the wall thickness with pure titanium and crystalline titania as determined by FESEM/EDS, and XRD. The kinetic study by following Langmuir-Hinshelwood(L-H) model and pseudo first order, the significant constant rate was obtained at pH 11 which was 0.079 ppm/min, 0.75 cm2 of MZTC catalyst loading size achieved 0.076 ppm/min and 5 ppm of TCC initial concentration reached 0.162 ppm/min. The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis for mechanism study of TCC photocatalytic degradation revealed eleven intermediate products after the whole process of photocatalysis. In regard of toxicology assessment by the bacteria which is Photobacterium phosphoreum, the obtained concentration of TCC at minute 60 was less satisfied with remained 0.36 ppm of TCC was detected indicates that the concentration was above allowable level. Where the allowable level of TCC in stream is 0.1 ppm.
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium/chemistry
  10. A theoretical investigation of the lead-free double perovskites halides Rb2 XCl6 (X = Se, Ti) for optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications
    Al-Qaisi S, Mebed AM, Mushtaq M, Rai DP, Alrebdi TA, Sheikh RA, et al.
    J Comput Chem, 2023 Jul 15;44(19):1690-1703.
    PMID: 37093704 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27119
    In this study, structural, electronic, optical, thermoelectric, and thermodynamics properties of vacancy-ordered double perovskites Rb2 XCl6 (X = Se, Ti) were explored theoretically. The results revealed that Rb2SeCl6 and Rb2 TiCl6 are indirect band gap (Eg ) semiconductors with Eg values of 2.95 eV, and 2.84 eV respectively. The calculated properties (phonons, elastic constant, Poisson's ratio, and Pugh's ratio) revealed that both materials are dynamically and chemically stable and can exhibit brittle (Rb2 SeCl6 ) and ductile (Rb2 TiCl6 ) nature. From the analysis of optical parameters, it was noticed that the refractive index of the materials has a value of 1.5-2.0 where light absorption was found from the visible to the ultraviolet region. The thermoelectric properties determined by using the BoltzTrap code demonstrated that at room temperature, the Figure of merit (ZT) was found to be 0.74 and 0.76 for Rb2 SeCl6 and Rb2 TiCl6 , respectively. Despite a moderate value of ZT in such materials, further studies might explore effective methods for tuning the electronic band gap and improving the thermoelectric response of the material for practical energy production applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium*
  11. Potential of low-cost TiO2-PVC composite in photoelectrocatalytic degradation of reactive orange 16 under visible light
    Jaafar NF, Nordin N, Mohamed Haris NY, Mohd Halim NH, Lahuri AH, Samad WZ
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2023 Apr;30(16):47144-47157.
    PMID: 36732455 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25623-3
    In recent years, previously reported studies revealed a high efficiency of pollutant degradation by coupling photocatalysis and electrochemical processes (PECs) using titanium dioxide (TiO2) photoelectrode rather than using photocatalysis or electrocatalysis alone. However, some of the TiO2 photoelectrodes that have been reported were not cost-effective. This is due to the use of expensive chemicals and certain expensive equipment in the fabrication process, other than involving complicated preparation steps. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the PEC performance and stability of low-cost TiO2-polyvinyl chloride (TiO2-PVC) composite photoelectrode for Reactive Orange 16 (RO16) degradation. The materials characterisation using the ATR-FTIR, XRD and UV-Vis DRS proved that TiO2 and TiO2-PVC were successfully synthesised. The micrograph obtained for the surface characterisation using the FESEM showed that the smooth surface of freshly prepared photoelectrodes turned slightly rough with tiny pits formation after five continuous PEC processes. Nevertheless, the photoelectrode retained its original shape in good condition for further PEC processes. By PEC process, the fabricated photoelectrode showed 99.4% and 51.1% of colour and total organic carbon (TOC) removal, respectively, at optimised PEC parameters (1.0 mol L-1 NaCl concentration, 10 V applied voltage, 120 min degradation time and initial pH 2). Moreover, the fabricated photoelectrode demonstrated sufficient reusability potential (~ 96.3%) after five cycles of PEC processes. In summary, a low-cost and stable composite photoelectrode with high efficiency in RO16 degradation was successfully fabricated and could be potentially applied for other emerging pollutants degradation via the PEC degradation technique.
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium*
  12. Combined effects of pentachlorophenol and nano-TiO2 with different sizes on antioxidant, digestive, and immune responses of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus
    Lan X, Huang W, Sun B, Waiho K, Song H, Hu M, et al.
    Aquat Toxicol, 2024 May;270:106900.
    PMID: 38537436 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106900
    Marine nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) and pentachlorophenol (PCP) pollution are escalating concerns in coastal areas. This study investigated the combined effects of continuous exposure to nano-TiO2 (25 nm, 100 nm) and PCP (0, 1, 10 μg/L) for 28 days on the antioxidant, digestive, and immune abilities of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus. Compared with the control group, the interaction between nano-TiO2 and PCP was significantly higher than exposure to a single stressor, with a pronounced decrease in amylase activity observed due to the reducing nano-TiO2 particle sizes. Resulting in increased MDA and SOD activity. The expression levels of Toll4, CSP3, and SER genes in crab hemolymph showed perturbations following exposure to nano-TiO2 and PCP. In summary, according to the results of CAT, GPX, PES and AMS enzyme activities, it was concluded that compared to the larger particle size (100 nm), the single stress of nano-TiO2 at a smaller particle size (25 nm) and co-stress with PCP have more significant impacts on P. trituberculatus. However, the potential physiological regulation mechanism of the interaction between these pollutants remains elusive and requires further study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium/toxicity
  13. Recent trends and advancement in metal oxide nanoparticles for the degradation of dyes: synthesis, mechanism, types and its application
    Senthil Rathi B, Ewe LS, S S, S S, Yew WK, R B, et al.
    Nanotoxicology, 2024 May;18(3):272-298.
    PMID: 38821108 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2024.2349304
    Synthetic dyes play a crucial role in our daily lives, especially in clothing, leather accessories, and furniture manufacturing. Unfortunately, these potentially carcinogenic substances are significantly impacting our water systems due to their widespread use. Dyes from various sources pose a serious environmental threat owing to their persistence and toxicity. Regulations underscore the urgency in addressing this problem. In response to this challenge, metal oxide nanoparticles such as titanium dioxide (TiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), and iron oxide (Fe3O4) have emerged as intriguing options for dye degradation due to their unique characteristics and production methods. This paper aims to explore the types of nanoparticles suitable for dye degradation, various synthesis methods, and the properties of nanoparticles. The study elaborates on the photocatalytic and adsorption-desorption activities of metal oxide nanoparticles, elucidating their role in dye degradation and their application potential. Factors influencing degradation, including nanoparticle properties and environmental conditions, are discussed. Furthermore, the paper provides relevant case studies, practical applications in water treatment, and effluent treatment specifically in the textile sector. Challenges such as agglomeration, toxicity concerns, and cost-effectiveness are acknowledged. Future advancements in nanomaterial synthesis, their integration with other materials, and their impact on environmental regulations are potential areas for development. In conclusion, metal oxide nanoparticles possess immense potential in reducing dye pollution, and further research and development are essential to define their role in long-term environmental management.
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium/toxicity; Titanium/chemistry
  14. Fulltext Zirconia in dental implantology: A review
    Apratim A, Eachempati P, Krishnappa Salian KK, Singh V, Chhabra S, Shah S
    J Int Soc Prev Community Dent, 2015 May-Jun;5(3):147-56.
    PMID: 26236672 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.158014
    Titanium has been the most popular material of choice for dental implantology over the past few decades. Its properties have been found to be most suitable for the success of implant treatment. But recently, zirconia is slowly emerging as one of the materials which might replace the gold standard of dental implant, i.e., titanium.
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium
  15. Fulltext Enhancement of mechanical and corrosion resistance properties of electrodeposited Ni-P-TiC composite coatings
    Fayyaz O, Khan A, Shakoor RA, Hasan A, Yusuf MM, Montemor MF, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2021 Mar 05;11(1):5327.
    PMID: 33674680 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84716-6
    In the present study, the effect of concentration of titanium carbide (TiC) particles on the structural, mechanical, and electrochemical properties of Ni-P composite coatings was investigated. Various amounts of TiC particles (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g L-1) were co-electrodeposited in the Ni-P matrix under optimized conditions and then characterized by employing various techniques. The structural analysis of prepared coatings indicates uniform, compact, and nodular structured coatings without any noticeable defects. Vickers microhardness and nanoindentation results demonstrate the increase in the hardness with an increasing amount of TiC particles attaining its terminal value (593HV100) at the concentration of 1.5 g L-1. Further increase in the concentration of TiC particles results in a decrease in hardness, which can be ascribed to their accumulation in the Ni-P matrix. The electrochemical results indicate the improvement in corrosion protection efficiency of coatings with an increasing amount of TiC particles reaching to ~ 92% at 2.0 g L-1, which can be ascribed to a reduction in the active area of the Ni-P matrix by the presence of inactive ceramic particles. The favorable structural, mechanical, and corrosion protection characteristics of Ni-P-TiC composite coatings suggest their potential applications in many industrial applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium
  16. Photoelectrical Dynamics Uplift in Perovskite Solar Cells by Atoms Thick 2D TiS2 Layer Passivation of TiO2 Nanograss Electron Transport Layer
    Alias N, Ali Umar A, Malek NAA, Liu K, Li X, Abdullah NA, et al.
    ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2021 Jan 20;13(2):3051-3061.
    PMID: 33410652 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20137
    A deficiency in the photoelectrical dynamics at the interface due to the surface traps of the TiO2 electron transport layer (ETL) has been the critical factor for the inferiority of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) in the perovskite solar cells. Despite its excellent energy level alignment with most perovskite materials, its large density of surface defect as a result of sub lattice vacancies has been the critical hurdle for an efficient photovoltaic process in the device. Here, we report that atoms thick 2D TiS2 layer grown on the surface of a (001) faceted and single-crystalline TiO2 nanograss (NG) ETL have effectively passivated the defects, boosting the charge extractability, carrier mobility, external quantum efficiency, and the device stability. These properties allow the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to produce a PCE as high as 18.73% with short-circuit current density (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), and fill-factor (FF) values as high as 22.04 mA/cm2, 1.13 V, and 0.752, respectively, a 3.3% improvement from the pristine TiO2-NG-based PSCs. The present approach should find an extensive application for controlling the photoelectrical dynamic deficiency in perovskite solar cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium
  17. Fulltext The effect of binders towards immobilized PANi-TiO2 system during photocatalytic energy conversion
    Mohd Fairul Sharin, Muhammad Azam
    Journal of Engineering and Science Research, 2017;1(2):73-78.
    MyJurnal
    Three types of binder PVA, PVC and PVA/PVC mixtures have been evaluated for PANi-TiO2 immobilized system. These binders have been varied to several weights of loading for optimization purposes. As a result, it shows that higher loading of binders improved the photodegradation of RR4 dye but the mechanical properties of each immobilized system started to decreases. This behavior occurs due to the immobilized particles coated on the plate easy to peel off despite weak attachment toward to the continuous photodegradation operation system. Therefore 4 times of dipping PVA and PVC layers was selected as the optimum loading of binders to the PANi/TiO2 system during photocatalytic degradation of Reactive Red 4 with the rate constant of 0.5568 K/min for PVA and 0.5742 K/min for PVC. Meanwhile for PVA/PVC mixture binder system at 4 times dipping showed the highest rate constant of photodegradation of RR4 dye with 0.6026 K/min. In addition, SEM analysis has also been carried out for further investigation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium
  18. Highly reactive {001} facets of TiO2-based composites: synthesis, formation mechanism and characterization
    Ong WJ, Tan LL, Chai SP, Yong ST, Mohamed AR
    Nanoscale, 2014 Feb 21;6(4):1946-2008.
    PMID: 24384624 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr04655a
    Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most widely investigated metal oxides due to its extraordinary surface, electronic and catalytic properties. However, the large band gap of TiO2 and massive recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs limit its photocatalytic and photovoltaic efficiency. Therefore, increasing research attention is now being directed towards engineering the surface structure of TiO2 at the most fundamental and atomic level namely morphological control of {001} facets in the range of microscale and nanoscale to fine-tune its physicochemical properties, which could ultimately lead to the optimization of its selectivity and reactivity. The synthesis of {001}-faceted TiO2 is currently one of the most active interdisciplinary research areas and demonstrations of catalytic enhancement are abundant. Modifications such as metal and non-metal doping have also been extensively studied to extend its band gap to the visible light region. This steady progress has demonstrated that TiO2-based composites with {001} facets are playing and will continue to play an indispensable role in the environmental remediation and in the search for clean and renewable energy technologies. This review encompasses the state-of-the-art research activities and latest advancements in the design of highly reactive {001} facet-dominated TiO2via various strategies, including hydrothermal/solvothermal, high temperature gas phase reactions and non-hydrolytic alcoholysis methods. The stabilization of {001} facets using fluorine-containing species and fluorine-free capping agents is also critically discussed in this review. To overcome the large band gap of TiO2 and rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers, modifications are carried out to manipulate its electronic band structure, including transition metal doping, noble metal doping, non-metal doping and incorporating graphene as a two-dimensional (2D) catalyst support. The advancements made in these aspects are thoroughly examined, with additional insights related to the charge transfer events for each strategy of the modified-TiO2 composites. Finally, we offer a summary and some invigorating perspectives on the major challenges and new research directions for future exploitation in this emerging frontier, which we hope will advance us to rationally harness the outstanding structural and electronic properties of {001} facets for various environmental and energy-related applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium/chemistry*
  19. Regenerated cellulose membrane as bio-template for in-situ growth of visible-light driven C-modified mesoporous titania
    Mohamed MA, W Salleh WN, Jaafar J, Mohd Hir ZA, Rosmi MS, Abd Mutalib M, et al.
    Carbohydr Polym, 2016 08 01;146:166-73.
    PMID: 27112862 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.03.050
    Visible light driven C-doped mesoporous TiO2 (C-MTiO2) nanorods have been successfully synthesized through green, low cost, and facile approach by sol-gel bio-templating method using regenerated cellulose membrane (RCM) as nanoreactor. In this study, RCM was also responsible to provide in-situ carbon sources for resultant C-MTiO2 nanorods in acidified sol at low temperatures. The composition, crystallinity, surface area, morphological structure, and optical properties of C-MTiO2 nanorods, respectively, had been characterized using FTIR, XRD, N2 adsorption/desorption, TEM, UV-vis-NIR, and XPS spectroscopy. The results suggested that the growth of C-MTiO2 nanorods was promoted by the strong interaction between the hydroxyl groups of RCMs and titanium ion. Optical and XPS analysis confirmed that carbon presence in TiO2 nanorods were responsible for band-gap narrowing, which improved the visible light absorption capability. Photocatalytic activity measurements exhibited the capability of C-MTiO2 nanorods in degradation of methyl orange in aqueous solution, with 96.6% degradation percentage under visible light irradiation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium/chemistry*
  20. The abilities of three Nickel-Titanium mechanized systems to negotiate and shape MB2 canals in extracted maxillary first molars-a Micro-Computed Tomographic study
    Ahmed HMA
    Int Endod J, 2019 Nov;52(11):1671-1672.
    PMID: 31592539 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13196
    Matched MeSH terms: Titanium*
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