Affiliations 

  • 1 Faculty of Art, Computing and Creative Industry, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia
  • 2 Centre for Global Sustainability Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
  • 3 School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia
Procedia Comput Sci, 2021;192:4416-4424.
PMID: 34630761 DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2021.09.218

Abstract

The pandemic of Covid-19 has caused a shift of paradigm of education, from face-to-face to e-learning. E-learning leads to an escalation in digitalization of handwritten documents because it requires submission of homework and assignments through online. To help teachers in checking digitalized handwritten homework, this paper proposes an automatic checking system based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) for handwritten numeral recognition. The CNN is used to recognize four arithmetic operations in mathematical questions consisting of addition, deduction, multiplication and division. The performance CNN in handwritten numeral recognition have been optimized in terms of activation function and gradient descent algorithm. The proposed CNN is also trained and tested with the MNIST handwritten data set. The experimental results show that the recognition accuracy the improved CNN improves to a certain extent as compared to before optimization.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.