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Polyphenol intake and differentiated thyroid cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort

Zamora-Ros R 1 , Cayssials V 1 , Franceschi S 2 , Kyrø C 3 , Weiderpass E 4 , Hennings J 5 Show all authors , Sandström M 6 , Tjønneland A 3 , Olsen A 3 , Overvad K 7 , Boutron-Ruault MC 8 , Truong T 9 , Mancini FR 8 , Katzke V 10 , Kühn T 10 , Boeing H 11 , Trichopoulou A 12 , Karakatsani A 12 , Martimianaki G 12 , Palli D 13 , Krogh V 14 , Panico S 15 , Tumino R 16 , Sacerdote C 17 , Lasheras C 18 , Rodríguez-Barranco M 19 , Amiano P 20 , Colorado-Yohar SM 20 , Ardanaz E 20 , Almquist M 21 , Ericson U 22 , Bueno-de-Mesquita HB 23 , Vermeulen R 24 , Schmidt JA 25 , Byrnes G 4 , Scalbert A 4 , Agudo A 1 , Rinaldi S 4

Affiliations 

  • 1 Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
  • 2 CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
  • 3 Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • 4 International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
  • 5 Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
  • 6 Department for Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
  • 7 Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
  • 8 CESP, Fac. de médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine - UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
  • 9 INSERM, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Cancer and Environment Team, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
  • 10 Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
  • 11 Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
  • 12 Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
  • 13 Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network - ISPRO, Florence, Italy
  • 14 Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
  • 15 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
  • 16 Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civic M.P. Arezzo" Hospital, ASP, Ragusa, Italy
  • 17 Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Turin, Italy
  • 18 Department of Functional Biology, Faculty of Medicine. University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
  • 19 Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
  • 20 CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
  • 21 Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
  • 22 Diabetes and Cardiovascular disease, Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
  • 23 Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
  • 24 Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
  • 25 Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Int J Cancer, 2020 Apr 01;146(7):1841-1850.
PMID: 31342519 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32589

Abstract

Polyphenols are bioactive compounds with several anticarcinogenic activities; however, human data regarding associations with thyroid cancer (TC) is still negligible. Our aim was to evaluate the association between intakes of total, classes and subclasses of polyphenols and risk of differentiated TC and its main subtypes, papillary and follicular, in a European population. The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort included 476,108 men and women from 10 European countries. During a mean follow-up of 14 years, there were 748 incident differentiated TC cases, including 601 papillary and 109 follicular tumors. Polyphenol intake was estimated at baseline using validated center/country-specific dietary questionnaires and the Phenol-Explorer database. In multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models, no association between total polyphenol and the risks of overall differentiated TC (HRQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.77-1.29), papillary (HRQ4 vs. Q1 = 1.06, 95% CI 0.80-1.41) or follicular TC (HRQ4 vs. Q1 = 1.10, 95% CI 0.55-2.22) were found. No associations were observed either for flavonoids, phenolic acids or the rest of classes and subclasses of polyphenols. After stratification by body mass index (BMI), an inverse association between the intake of polyphenols (p-trend = 0.019) and phenolic acids (p-trend = 0.007) and differentiated TC risk in subjects with BMI ≥ 25 was observed. In conclusion, our study showed no associations between dietary polyphenol intake and differentiated TC risk; although further studies are warranted to investigate the potential protective associations in overweight and obese individuals.

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