Effects of toe-out and toe-in gait with varying walking speeds on knee joint mechanics and lower limb energetics

Khan SS 1 , Khan SJ 1 , Usman J 2

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Malaysia
  • 2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Malaysia; Centre for Applied Biomechanics, University of Malaya, Malaysia. Electronic address: [email protected]
Gait Posture, 2017 03;53:185-192.
PMID: 28189095 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.01.022

Abstract

Toe-out/-in gait has been prescribed in reducing knee joint load to medial knee osteoarthritis patients. This study focused on the effects of toe-out/-in at different walking speeds on first peak knee adduction moment (fKAM), second peak KAM (sKAM), knee adduction angular impulse (KAAI), net mechanical work by lower limb as well as joint-level contribution to the total limb work during level walking. Gait analysis of 20 healthy young adults was done walking at pre-defined normal (1.18m/s), slow (0.85m/s) and fast (1.43m/s) walking speeds with straight-toe (natural), toe-out (15°>natural) and toe-in (15°

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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