Regenerative Potential Nanomedicine of Adipocyte Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Senescent Skin Tissue

Li AN 1 , Sun JH 1 , Saidin S 2 , Cheah JS 3 , Kuo CH 4 , Li L 1 Show all authors , Li JS 1 , Bai RY 1 , Diao Y 1 , Wang HD 5

Affiliations 

  • 1 School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362021, People's Republic of China
  • 2 IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre, Institute of Human Centered Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, 81310, Malaysia
  • 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering & Health Sciences, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor, 81310, Malaysia
  • 4 Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
  • 5 Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
Int J Nanomedicine, 2024;19:13149-13163.
PMID: 39660280 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S470225

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Skin is the first-line barrier defense against infection, irradiation, and toxins, but is prone to natural aging (intrinsic aging) and environmental factors (extrinsic aging). Hence, there is an increasing urgency to explore an effective treatment for aging skin. This study was focused on testing the potential of utilizing adipocyte stem cell derived exosomal as nanomedicine to regenerate the dermal layer and counteract signs of skin aging.

METHODS: The harvested stem cells from adipose tissues were isolated, cultured, and then starved. The centrifugation of cell cultures medium yielded the human adipose-derived stem cells conditional medium (HADSCs-CM). Collagen secretion and fibroblast viability of human fibroblasts (Hs68) were measured in the presence of HADSCs-CM. The dermal layer, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and collagen levels were evaluated on the mice animal models between the treatments with and without HADSCs-CM.

RESULTS: Western blotting, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) confirmed that the functional particles in HADSCs-CM were exosomes. When Hs68 fibroblasts were treated with HADSCs-CM, both cell viability and collagen secretion increased in a dose-dependent manner. Following the post-ultraviolet A (post-UVA) exposure, the mice exposed to the HADSCs-CM have decreased dermal thickness and VEGF expression and increased collagen volume compared to the non-HADSCs-CM exposed mice (control group).

CONCLUSION: HADSCs-CM significantly alleviated signs of skin senescence, including reduced dermal thickness, decreased VEGF expression, and enhanced collagen production. Exosomes, identified in the HADSCs-CM, are the functional component of these regenerative effects. This study highlights that the exosomal nanomedicine found in HADSCs-CM could regenerate skin, boost collagen production, improve fibroblast cell viability, and contain functional exosomes.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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