Affiliations 

  • 1 College of Pharmacy, J.S. University, Shikohabad, Firozabad, Utta Pradesh, 283135, India
  • 2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Shambhunath Institute of Pharmacy, Jhalwa, Prayagraj, 211015, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • 3 Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
  • 4 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
  • 5 Pharmaceuticals Chemistry Department, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Al-Baha University, Alaqiq, 65779-7738, Saudi Arabia
  • 6 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
  • 7 Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia
  • 8 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, 786004, Assam, India
  • 9 Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Al-Batin, 39524, Saudi Arabia
  • 10 Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 10025, India
  • 11 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health & Allied Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
Nanomedicine (Lond), 2024 Apr 23.
PMID: 38651634 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2024-0017

Abstract

Topical infection affects nearly one-third of the world's population; it may result from poor sanitation, hygienic conditions and crowded living and working conditions that accelerate the spread of topical infectious diseases. The problems associated with the anti-infective agents are drug resistance and long-term therapy. Secondary metabolites are obtained from plants, microorganisms and animals, but they are metabolized inside the human body. The integration of nanotechnology into secondary metabolites is gaining attention due to their interaction at the subatomic and skin-tissue levels. Hydrogel, liposomes, lipidic nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles and metallic nanoparticles are the most suitable carriers for secondary metabolite delivery. Therefore, the present review article extensively discusses the topical applications of nanomedicines for the effective delivery of secondary metabolites.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.