Executive function measures of participants with mild cognitive impairment: Systematic review and meta-analysis of event-related potential studies

Che J 1 , Cheng N 1 , Jiang B 1 , Liu Y 2 , Liu H 3 , Li Y 1 Show all authors , Liu H 4

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Psychology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China
  • 2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China
  • 3 Department of Psychology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China; Natural University of Malaysia, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Centre for Psychology and Human Welfare, Bangui, Malaysia
  • 4 Department of Psychology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Nerve Injury and Repair, Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, China. Electronic address: [email protected]
Int J Psychophysiol, 2024 Mar;197:112295.
PMID: 38266685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2023.112295

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Objective measurements of executive functions using event-related potential (ERP) may be used as markers for differentiating healthy controls (HC) from patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). ERP is non-invasive, cost-effective, and affordable. Older adults with MCI demonstrate deteriorated executive function, serving as a potentially valid neurophysiological marker for identifying MCI. We aimed to review published ERP studies on executive function in older adults with MCI and summarize the performance differences by component between healthy older adults and older adults with MCI.

METHODS: Eight electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, American Psychological Association PsycNet, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Embase, and Ovid) were searched for the study. Articles published from January 1 to December 31, 2022, were considered for this review. A random-effects meta-analysis and between-study heterogeneity analysis were conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis V3.0 software.

RESULTS: We identified 7829 articles of which 28 met the full inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review and analyses. Our pooled analysis suggested that participants with MCI can be differentiated from HC by significant P200, P300, and N200 latencies. The P100 and P300 amplitudes were significantly smaller in participants with MCI when compared with those in the HCs, and the patients with MCI showed increased N200 amplitudes. Our findings provide new insights into potential electrophysiological biomarkers for diagnosing MCI.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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