Global prevalence of urinary tract infection in pregnant mothers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Salari N 1 , Khoshbakht Y 2 , Hemmati M 3 , Khodayari Y 4 , Khaleghi AA 5 , Jafari F 6 Show all authors , Shohaimi S 7 , Mohammadi M 8

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Sleep Disorders Research Centre, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected]
  • 2 Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected]
  • 3 Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected]
  • 4 Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected]
  • 5 Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected]
  • 6 Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected]
  • 7 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: [email protected]
  • 8 Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected]
Public Health, 2023 Sep 19;224:58-65.
PMID: 37734277 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.08.016

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a prevalent infection during pregnancy that can lead to complications for both the mother and the foetus. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the global prevalence of UTIs (both symptomatic and asymptomatic) during pregnancy, based on previous studies in this area. Furthermore, this study aims to identify any factors that contribute to heterogeneity in the prevalence of UTIs during pregnancy.

STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

METHODS: This study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines on August 8, 2022. To conduct the systematic review and meta-analysis, a search was performed using the keywords "urinary tract system", "UTI", "pregnancy", and "gestation" was performed in several databases, including Web of Science (WoS), PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Embase, and Google Scholar, without a time limit until September 18, 2022. The analysis was performed using a random-effects model, and the heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using the I2 index. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (Version 2) was used for data analysis.

RESULTS: The systematic review and meta-analysis of 27 studies, which included a total of 30,641 pregnant women, showed an overall prevalence of UTI (both symptomatic and asymptomatic) to be 23.9% (95% confidence interval: 16.2-33.8). Meta-regression analysis was conducted to examine the impact of two factors, namely study sample size and study year, on the heterogeneity of the meta-analysis. The results revealed that an increase in sample size, and the study year was associated with a decrease in the prevalence of UTI in pregnant women (P 

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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