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Examining the psychosocial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic: an international cross-sectional study protocol

Tanveer S 1 , Schluter PJ 2 , Porter RJ 1 , Boden J 1 , Beaglehole B 1 , Sulaiman-Hill R 1 Show all authors , Dean S 3 , Bell R 4 , Al-Hussainni WN 5 , Arshi M 6 , Amer Nordin AS 7 , Dinç M 8 , Khan MJ 9 , Khoshnami MS 6 , Majid Al-Masoodi MA 10 , Moghanibashi-Mansourieh A 6 , Noruzi S 11 , Rahajeng A 12 , Shaikh S 13 , Tanveer N 14 , Topçu F 8 , Yapan S 8 , Yunianto I 15 , Zoellner LA 16 , Bell C 17

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
  • 2 Faculty of Health, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
  • 3 Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
  • 4 Department of Anthropology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
  • 5 Basic Sciences Deptartment, Ibn Sina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq
  • 6 Department of Social Work, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran
  • 7 Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 8 Department of Psychology, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey
  • 9 Department of Psychology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • 10 Department of Scholarships and Cultural Relations, Mustansiryah University, Baghdad, Iraq
  • 11 Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khoram-Abad, Iran
  • 12 Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  • 13 Department of Psychology, Islamabad Model College for Girls (PostGraduate), Islamabad, Pakistan
  • 14 Department of Peace and Conflict Sciences, National Defence University, Islamabad, Pakistan
  • 15 Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  • 16 Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Washington, DC, USA
  • 17 Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand [email protected]
BMJ Open, 2023 Apr 12;13(4):e067886.
PMID: 37045574 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067886

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic exposed people to significant and prolonged stress. The psychosocial impacts of the pandemic have been well recognised and reported in high-income countries (HICs) but it is important to understand the unique challenges posed by COVID-19 in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where limited international comparisons have been undertaken. This protocol was therefore devised to study the psychosocial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in seven LMICs using scales that had been designed for or translated for this purpose.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This cross-sectional study uses an online survey to administer a novel COVID Psychosocial Impacts Scale (CPIS) alongside established measures of psychological distress, post-traumatic stress, well-being and post-traumatic growth in the appropriate language. Participants will include adults aged 18 years and above, recruited from Indonesia, Iraq, Iran, Malaysia, Pakistan, Somalia and Turkey, with a pragmatic target sample size of 500 in each country.Data will be analysed descriptively on sociodemographic and study variables. In addition, CPIS will be analysed psychometrically (for reliability and validity) to assess the suitability of use in a given context. Finally, within-subjects and between-subjects analyses will be carried out using multi-level mixed-effect models to examine associations between key sociodemographic and study variables.

ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was granted by the Human Ethics Committee, University of Otago, New Zealand (Ref. No. 21/102). In addition, international collaborators obtained local authorisation or ethical approval in their respective host universities before data collection commenced.Participants will give informed consent before taking part. Data will be collected and stored securely on the University of Otago, New Zealand Qualtrics platform using an auto-generated non-identifiable letter-number string. Data will be available on reasonable request. Findings will be disseminated by publications in scientific journals and/or conference presentations.

TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05052333.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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