Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
  • 2 Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia. [email protected]
  • 3 Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
Surg Endosc, 2023 Apr;37(4):2633-2643.
PMID: 36369410 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-022-09724-7

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pain is a contributing factor to the low compliance rate for performing a colonoscopy on screening for colorectal cancer.

PURPOSE: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of visual distraction on adults undergoing colonoscopy.

METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library Database from their inception to February 2022. Randomized controlled trials comparing visual distraction with non-visual distraction were considered for inclusion. The fixed-effects and random-effects models were used to pool the data from individual studies and the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used to determine the methodology quality.

RESULTS: This meta-analysis included four studies (N = 301) for pain level and total procedure time, three studies (N = 181) for satisfaction score, three studies (N = 196) for anxiety level, and four studie (N = 402) for willingness to repeat the procedure. The pooled analysis shown that significantly lower pain levels (SMD, - 0.25; 95% CI - 0.47 to - 0.02; P = 0.03), higher satisfaction score with the procedure (SMD, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.93; P 

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.