In this work, the emission efficiency of InxGa1-xN based light emitting diodes (LEDs) had been numerically investigated with the variation of the number of quantum well. From our calculation, we found that non-uniformity of carriers distribution (especially electron) in the wells leads to serious inhomogeneity of radiative recombination distribution that would degrade the efficiency of the LED with more wells. However, the problem was minimized when the selected quantum barriers were doped with a reasonable doping level. Comparison with other reported experimental works were also included. At the end of this work, we proposed several types of preferable LEDs designs with optimum structural parameters.
MeSH terms: Doping in Sports; Electrons; Heterozygote; Recombination, Genetic; Research; Water Wells
The effects of zeolite and zinc foliar applications on the biochemical characteristics of canola cultivars under different moisture regimes were investigated in a study conducted during the 2010 and 2011 growing seasons. The study was completed using a factorial split-plot experiment based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at the Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Karaj, Iran. The treatments were: irrigation (I): complete (I1) and restricted (I2); zeolite (Z): 0 (Z1) and 15 ton ha-1 (Z2) and Zn: 0, 0.1 and 0.2% concentrations of zinc sulfate (Zn1, Zn2, and Zn3) at the pod formation stage. These treatments were applied during the pod formation stage to the Licord, RGS003 and Opera cultivars. This study showed that although applying Z and Zn had positive effects on the quality of canola, the highest performance and the best results were obtained using a combination of Z and Zn. The combined application of Z and Zn decreased the proline and carbohydrate contents to 44.35 and 34.42%, respectively. Therefore, with the low cost of natural Z and moderate Zn intake, these treatments can be used to enhance the performance of canola, especially in regions frequently subjected to water stress.
The study of the proximate analysis on the leaves of Vitex negundo L. (VN) was done to gain the preliminary data of the anti-proliferative properties on cancer cell lines. Aqueous and organic extracts of the leaves of VN were used to identify its cytotoxic effect on six types of cancer-origin and normal cells, namely hormone-dependent breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), non-hormone-dependent breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231), ovarian cancer cell line (Caov-3), cervical cancer cell line (HeLa), liver cancer cell line (HepG2) and human foreskin fibroblast cell line (Hs27). The anti-proliferation activities of these extracts were investigated by employing colorimetric MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay through time periods of 24, 48 and 72 h. Preliminary results showed that the methanol extracts had significant effects (p<0.05) on MDA-MB-231 with IC50 values 65.38 μg/mL. The nutritional composition of the leaves provides a strong basis for emphasizing the nutritional value of Vitex negundo L.
Entomologi forensik adalah satu bidang ilmu yang menggunakan serangga sebagai bahan bukti untuk menganggarkan selang masa kematian atau selang post-mortem (PMI). Penentuan PMI tersebut berdasarkan kepada saiz dan peringkat perkembangan serangga. Chrysomya villeneuvi merupakan salah satu spesies langau yang boleh dijadikan sebagai petunjuk yang baik untuk menganggarkan PMI apabila ia ditemukan pada mayat. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan suatu data asas dan graf perkembangan bagi lalat Ch. villeneuvi pada suhu yang berbeza. Data yang diperoleh juga digunakan untuk membangunkan jadual jam darjah terkumpul (ADH). Justifikasi kajian dijalankan kerana data perkembangan lalat spesies ini belum dibangunkan di Malaysia. Penentuan PMI terpaksa dilakukan dengan berpandukan kepada data perkembangan Ch. megacephala. Ini akan menyebabkan pengiraan PMI menjadi kurang tepat. Kajian terdahulu juga hanya melibatkan kajian berkaitan morfologi dan tingkah laku spesies ini. Kajian perkembangan telur, larva dan pupa lalat Ch. villeneuvi dijalankan pada suhu bawah 25, 27, 30, 33 dan 37ºC di makmal dengan menggunakan kebuk pertumbuhan serangga. Sumber asal lalat dewasa diperoleh dengan meletakkan bangkai tikus di Pusat Penyelidikan Universiti Malaya, Batu 16, Gombak. Lalat dewasa dipelihara di makmal untuk dijadikan sumber koloni. Lebih kurang 150 biji telur dibiakkan dengan meletakkannya ke dalam bekas yang mengandungi 200 g hati lembu sebagai sumber makanan untuk larva yang baru menetas. Lima ekor larva diukur panjangnya setiap tiga jam untuk mendapatkan satu nilai purata untuk setiap suhu. Pemprosesan slaid dan pengambilan foto larva dilakukan untuk mengetahui peringkat perkembangan larva. Ch. villeneuvi mengambil masa selama 9.40 ± 0.02 hari pada suhu 25ºC, 9.34 ± 0.04 hari (27ºC), 9.00 ± 0.07 hari (30ºC), 7.95 ± 0.02 hari (33ºC) dan 7.51 ± 0.02 hari (37ºC) untuk melengkapkan satu kitar hidup. Pada suhu pembiakan yang berbeza, terdapat perbezaan signifikan (p<0.001) ke atas masa perkembangan kitar hidup lalat Ch. villeneuvi. Semakin tinggi suhu dan nilai ADH, semakin pendek satu kitar hidup lalat Ch. villeneuvi. Kajian ini menyatakan tentang tempoh peringkat dalam kitar hidup berdasarkan suhu membantu dalam pembangunan data ADH. Penyiasat forensik di Malaysia boleh menganggarkan PMI berdasarkan graf perkembangan dan data ADH yang diperoleh daripada kajian ini apabila Ch. villeneuvi ditemui pada mayat.
Kajian telah dijalankan ke atas kualiti bebola ayam dengan penambahan ekstrak daun selom (Oenanthe javanica) dan mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) serta lemak sawit merah (Carotino®). Selom dan mengkudu telah ditentukan kandungan polifenol jumlah (TPC), kuasa penurunan ferum dan aktiviti antioksida masing-masing. Kaedah pengekstrakan air menunjukkan hasil yang baik dan stabil berbanding pengekstrakan metanol dan diaplikasikan ke dalam pemprosesan bebola ayam. Terdapat 5 pelakuan bebola ayam iaitu bebola ayam kawalan (C), bebola ayam ditambah ekstrak selom (T1), bebola ayam ditambah ekstrak selom dan lemak Carotino® (T2), bebola ayam ditambah ekstrak mengkudu (T3) dan berbola ayam ditambah lemak Carotino® (T4). Bebola ayam telah disimpan pada suhu 4°C selama 12 hari. Analisis dilakukan selang 4 hari untuk memerhatikan perubahan nilai asid tiobarbiturik (TBA) dan nilai peroksida (PV) pada bebola ayam. Didapati sampel T4 memberikan nilai keseluruhan TBA paling rendah diikuti dengan sampel T2, sampel T1, sampel kawalan (C) dan sampel T3. Manakala sampel T2 memberikan nilai peroksida keseluruhan paling rendah diikuti dengan sampel T4, sampel T1, sampel kawalan (C) dan akhir sekali sampel T3. Keberkesanan antioksidan menurun daripada: T2 > T4 > T1 > C > T3. Didapati ekstrak selom dan lemak Carotino® mampu bertindak sebagai antioksidan dalam merencatkan pengoksidaan lipid di dalam bebola ayam.
Sufficient intakes of functional foods containing significant amount of dietary fibre in daily diet are beneficial to human health especially in preventing the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In this study, young corn powder (YCP) was added into Malaysian star cake (Baulu Cermai) to replace wheat flour (WF) partially at the formulations of 5, 10 and 15%. Baulu Cermai with 100% WF and 0% YCP was used as the control. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of YCP addition on the nutritional composition, textural properties and sensory attributes of Baulu Cermai. The results showed that the mean values of moisture, ash, fat and protein content of Baulu Cermai increased in line with the levels of YCP incorporation. In addition, the total dietary fibre (TDF) content was increased proportionally with the increasing levels of YCP added into Baulu Cermai. Addition of YCP did not show any predictable trend in all the textural properties of Baulu Cermai. Meanwhile, the aroma, chewiness and tenderness increased in parallel with the increasing percentages of YCP added in the formulated products. Baulu Cermai added with 10% of YCP showed the highest score of overall acceptance. Addition of YCP at 10% into Baulu Cermai increases moisture, ash, fat, protein and total dietary fibre content without significantly affecting the textural properties and the sensory attributes of Baulu Cermai. Addition of YCP at 5% to replace WF partially in Baulu Cermai resulted in slight improvement of TDF and fat but does not affected moisture, ash, protein content and acceptability of the consumers.
One of the most important lifetime distributions that is used for modelling and analysing data in clinical, life sciences and engineering is the Weibull distribution. The main objective of this paper was to determine the best estimator for the two-parameter Weibull distribution. The methods under consideration are the frequentist maximum likelihood estimator, least square regression estimator and the Bayesian estimator by using two loss functions, which are squared error and linear exponential. Lindley approximation is used to obtain the Bayes estimates. Comparisons are made through simulation study to determine the performance of these methods. Based on the results obtained from this simulation study the Bayesian approach used in estimating the Weibull parameters under linear exponential loss function is found to be superior as compared to the conventional maximum likelihood and least squared methods.
The effect of corn silk or Zea mays extract on the physicochemical changes of virgin coconut oil was studied during three consecutive days of deep frying. There were three types of oil blend systems used: virgin coconut oil without antioxidant as control system; virgin coconut oil with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as synthetic antioxidant and virgin coconut oil with Zea mays extract as natural antioxidant. The oil quality was assessed by measuring the colour, viscosity, peroxide, p-anisidine, free fatty acids, totox and iodine value. The results show that Zea mays extract delayed the oil deterioration. The Zea mays extract significantly (p<0.05) lowered the rate of oxidation in virgin coconut oil compared to control oil and was comparable to BHT. Zea mays extract did not change the sensory profiles of French fries which was shown by insignificant difference (p<0.05) between Zea mays and control fries for all sensory attributes (colour, taste, aroma, crispiness, oiliness and overall quality). In general, the Zea may extract was capable of extending the stability and quality of virgin coconut oil and therefore has potential as new source of natural antioxidant for use in deep frying.
Various types of natural fibre-rich ingredients are added into bakery-based products to improve their fibre content for health promotional purposes. However, most of these products are frequently added with imported dietary fibre ingredients. The aim of this study was to develop bakery products incorporated with young corn powder (YCP) and to evaluate the effects on physicochemical properties and sensory acceptabilities. Dried young corn was used to substitute wheat flour in biscuit and muffin formulations at different levels (0, 10, 20 and 30%). The effects of YCP incorporation on proximate compositions, physical characteristics, texture profile and sensory evaluation of both bakery products were investigated. The present results showed that YCP had significantly increased protein and total dietary fibre contents of both biscuit and muffin. Hardness attribute of both products increased in line with the level of YCP addition. Interestingly, biscuit and muffin containing 10% YCP received better score than the control and other formulations for most of the sensorial attributes judged. In conclusion, YCP can be potentially be used as an alternative functional ingredient for partial replacement of wheat flour in formulating biscuit and muffin because of its ability to improve the nutritional quality without jeopardizing sensorial palatability.
Bemisia tabaci is a pest of several economic crops worldwide and is mostly managed in Ghana by farmers through the use of insecticides. However, vegetable farmers have recently expressed concerns about the susceptibility of B. tabaci to insecticides. Hence, the susceptibility status of field populations of B. tabaci on cassava, okra and tomato in vegetable growing sites in Accra to two commonly used insecticides, Karate® 2.5 EC (λ-cyhalothrin) and Cydim Super® (36 g Cypermethrin + 400 g Dimethoate per litre), using a modified dipping method and their carboxylesterase activity levels were assessed. The LC50 values of the B. tabaci populations to the insecticides were low and ranged from 0.12-0.55 mL/L to 0.07-0.36 mL/L for Karate® and Cydim Super®, respectively. There was a wide variation in carboxylesterase activity levels of the insect populations with high levels recorded in some of the populations. The elevated activity levels could negatively impact on future whitefly management methods. This study provides baseline information on the insecticide resistance status and carboxylesterase levels of whitefly populations in these areas and for monitoring future insecticide resistance development.
Peramalan kepekatan PM10 adalah penting kerana menyedut udara mengandungi PM10 boleh membawa kepada pelbagai penyakit kronik seperti kanser dan bronkitis. Kajian ini merupakan kajian perintis menggunakan pendekatan kalut bagi meramal PM10 di Malaysia. Data yang dikaji adalah siri masa PM10 mengikut jam yang dicerap di stesen penanda aras yang terletak dalam daerah Jerantut di negeri Pahang. Pendekatan kalut mempunyai dua langkah iaitu pembinaan semula ruang fasa dan proses peramalan. Melalui langkah 1, ruang fasa pelbagai-matra dibina menggunakan parameter masa tunda τ = 7 dan matra pembenaman m = 4 yang masing-masing diperoleh daripada kaedah maklumat purata bersama dan kaedah Cao. Hasil daripada gambarajah ruang fasa dan juga plot parameter kaedah Cao mempamerkan bahawa data bersifat kalut. Melalui langkah 2, peramalan satu jam ke hadapan selama sebulan siri masa PM10 dijalankan menggunakan kaedah penghampiran setempat. Nilai pekali kolerasi antara data ramalan dan data sebenar hanyalah 0.5692. Namun, graf perbandingan menunjukkan bahawa data ramalan adalah hampir dengan data sebenar dengan nilai ralat punca min kuasa dua peramalan adalah 7.6814. Ini menunjukkan kesesuaian penggunaan kaedah penghampiran setempat dalam meramal siri masa PM10 dan ia merupakan petanda positif bahawa pendekatan kalut ini boleh diguna pakai ke atas siri masa bahan pencemar di Malaysia.
Identification of associated risk factors is important to enable successful implementation of low back pain prevention strategies. To date, there is limited research data on back pain among young adults in Malaysia despite an increasing incidence of this disabling condition worldwide. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine the incidence of low back pain (LBP) and associated factors among health science undergraduates. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to full time students of a main public university. One hundred and forty undergraduates; mean age 21.4±1.3 years, 70% female, 60% in year 3 of study, participated in the survey. The results showed that 31% spent between 6 and 8 h and another 31% spent more than 9 h sitting in a day. Twelve percent of the undergraduates rated their fitness level as ‘poor’. The incidence of LBP was 40.3% among the undergraduates. LBP incidence was associated with age (X2=12.1, p=0.007), years of study (X2=8.7, p=0.03), self-rated physical fitness (X2=7.0, p=0.02) and hours spent sitting (X2 =8.7, p=0.03). Gender, body mass index and hours spent in sports and physical activity were not associated with LBP. The findings from this study demonstrate that physical fitness and sitting duration is associated with low back pain among health science undergraduates. Health science undergraduates should improve their physical fitness, practice frequent breaks and stretching during sitting. This will help to minimize LBP related to decreased fitness levels and prolonged sitting.
MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Malaysia; Male; Risk Factors*; Students, Health Occupations; Universities; Prevalence; Low Back Pain*; Young Adult
Evaluating the satisfaction of caregivers is a highly subjective procedure and there is a need for a culturally appropriate, validated and sufficiently tested measurement tool to identify their needs in a clinical setting in order to improve the quality of care. FAMCARE is a self-report scale assessing patient/ caregivers’ satisfaction with outpatient care. This study evaluated the validity and internal consistency of a Malay-language version of the FAMCARE scale amongst Malaysian informal caregivers. A total of 45 Malaysian informal caregivers in the outpatient oncology clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia completed the questionnaire. Responses were checked for construct validity (including exploratory factor analysis to check the factor structure of the scale) and internal reliability. The 20 items of the FAMCARE scale were subjected to principal axis factoring (PAF) using SPSS, starting with assessing suitability of the data for factor analysis. Correlation matrix showed the presence of many coefficients of 0.3 and above. The Kaiser–Mayer-Olkin value was 0.79 and the Barlett’s Test of sphericity was highly significant (p< .001). PAF showed the presence of four components with eigenvalues exceeding 1, explaining 60.8% of the cumulative variance. The items were loaded in four domains with satisfactory inter-factor correlations. The general FAMCARE questionnaire as a whole was found to have high internal reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.93). The Malay-language version of the FAMCARE scale appeared as a valid and reliable tool for assessing informal caregiver’s satisfaction in outpatient settings, although it would be preferable to eliminate weak items which have low factor loading.
Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan nilai data piawai mfERG bagi Makmal Elektrofisiologi, Program Optometri & Sains Penglihatan, Fakulti Sains Kesihatan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). Pengukuran mfERG yang dilakukan adalah min ketumpatan amplitud (nV/deg²) kedua mata dan perbandingan min antara mata kanan (OD) dan kiri (OS); respon ketumpatan amplitud setiap bulatan yang dikaji dan respon keseluruhan ketumpatan amplitud kawasan retina yang dikaji. Kajian ini melibatkan seramai 16 orang kanak-kanak normal berumur antara 6 hingga 12 tahun. Ujian t-berpasangan mendapati tiada perbezaan signifikan min ketumpatan amplitud antara kedua mata (OD=24.27±8.16 nV/deg², OS=24.12±8.57 nV/deg², p=0.937). Nilai min ketumpatan amplitud setiap bulatan untuk OD adalah bulatan 1=56.41±24.85 nV/deg², bulatan 2=28.36±9.31 nV/deg², bulatan 3=17.50±5.33 nV/deg², bulatan 4=10.51±3.17 nV/deg² dan bulatan 5=8.57±2.74 nV/deg². Nilai min ketumpatan amplitud setiap bulatan untuk OS adalah bulatan 1=54.67±25.10 nV/deg², bulatan 2=28.89±10.52 nV/deg², bulatan 3=18.23±5.98 nV/deg², bulatan 4=10.40±3.37 nV/deg² dan bulatan 5=8.30±2.73 nV/deg². Manakala min ketumpatan amplitud keseluruhan kawasan retina ialah OD=24.27±8.16 nV/deg² dan OS=24.12±8.57 nV/deg². Kesimpulannya nilai piawai makmal mfERG telah berjaya dihasilkan untuk usia 6 hingga 12 tahun di Makmal Elektroretinogram Multifokal, Program Optometri dan Sains Penglihatan, UKM. Diharapkan ia akan diguna pakai sebagai panduan dan perbandingan penyelidikan akan datang.
Sivasampu S, Lim Y, Abdul Rahman N, Hwong WY, Goh PP, Abdullah NH
Citation: Sivasampu S, Lim Y, Abdul Rahman N, Hwong WY, Goh PP, Abdullah NH. National Medical Care Statistics: Primary Care, 2012. Kuala Lumpur: National Clinical Research Centre, Ministry of Health, Malaysia; 2014
MeSH terms: Ambulatory Care Facilities; Health Surveys; Humans; Malaysia; Primary Health Care
This research is about the Malay adolescent's understanding on the concept of love in Islam and its relationship with rational thinking. Two instruments were developed to measure the level of understanding, attitudes and practices of the adolescents in selected Malaysian universities embracing the concept of love through the psychological and Islamic approaches, and the level of rationality while in love. This quantitative studies involved adolescents in public and private universities with two instruments constructed specifically for this study. Through the 599 respondents this study found a significant relationship between demographic factors, category of university attended, background and status of love with the understanding of the concept of love in Islam and rational thinking. The findings are useful for increasing the understanding and appreciation of love from the Islamic perspective and to address problems arising from moral decadence stem from the misunderstanding of the concept of love.
Homofobia dalaman dikaitkan dengan perasan negatif yang dirasai oleh seseorang lelaki gay dan menjadi konflik dalaman di dalam dirinya. Homofobia dalaman yang dialami oleh lelaki gay merupakan salah satu petunjuk mengapa mereka mencari sebab untuk berkahwin dengan wanita. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tahap homofobia yang dialami oleh lelaki gay di Malaysia serta melihat pengaruhnya di dalam menentukan alasan lelaki gay memilih untuk berkahwin atau tidak berkahwin dengan seorang wanita. Responden yang terlibat di dalam kajian ini adalah seramai 29 orang yang dipilih daripada laman sosial Facebook, e-mel, kampus UKM Bangi serta sekitar Kuala Lumpur dan Selangor. Satu set borang soal selidik mengandungi item latar belakang demografi, Internalized Homophobia Scale, serta soalan terbuka tentang alasan lelaki gay berkahwin dan tidak berkahwin dengan wanita telah diedarkan kepada responden. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa tahap homophobia dalaman lelaki gay bagi sampel ini adalah tinggi iaitu sebanyak 72.7 %. Alasan utama lelaki gay berkahwin adalah untuk mendapatkan zuriat (51.72%), kesedaran merubah identiti seksual (31.03%), desakan keluarga (24.14%) dan damba cinta wanita (24.14%) . Manakala tema utama bagi alasan untuk tidak berkahwin pula adalah tidak yakin melakukan hubungan seks dengan wanita (20.70%), risau terhadap kemampuan mencintai wanita (17.24%), tidak mahu mengecewakan wanita tersebut (10.34%) dan sukar mencari jodoh (10.34%). Sokongan sosial yang padu berupaya mengurangkan diskriminasi serta tahap homofobia yang dialami oleh lelaki gay di Malaysia.
This study aims to develop and examine the counseling modules in reducing communication apprehension problem experienced in four dimension such as group discussion, meeting, dyad and public speaking by students in higher education institutions. Moreover, this study also aims to observe the effects of main time and time-group interaction. Approach used in this study was quantitative by using quasi-experimental design involving three types of tests, namely the pre-test, post-test and follow-up test. Sample of study involved a total of 60 students at a one of university in northern Malaysia. The study involved two groups namely, the treatment group that used the new approach by the combines solution focused brief counseling and cognitive behavioral and a control group using the existing approach known as cognitive focus group counseling Corey. Personnel Report Communication Apprehension (PRCA-24) questionaire was used to observes the changes in the level of communication apprehension before and after the group counseling intervention. Results indicated that both modules can reduce the communication apprehension among students.
MeSH terms: Cognition; Counseling; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Malaysia; Surveys and Questionnaires; Research Design; Schools; Speech; Students; Universities; Focus Groups; Control Groups
Accident in an organization is one of the most undesirable phenomenons all over the world. The consequences of accidents in workplace are numerous which include damages of resources and cost of lives of many workers. For example, in 1991 a major disaster occurred in U.S. at triangle Shirtwaist factory, which cost the life of 100 garments workers (Greenwald & Richard, 2005). In Bangladesh accidents in workplace are more frequent and devastating, for which Bangladesh has been criticized severely worldwide. Recently one of those unfortunate phenomenons in Bangladesh was fire at Nimtoli of old Dhaka which cost 117 people burnt alive in June 2010. Another accident took place in Tazreen Fashion, Dhaka in 2012 which caused at least 112 workers either burnt to death or died while trying to escape the blaze. These are the short picture of loss of lives. Yet the losses of resources are not few. Sometimes accidents create threats for human and animal kingdom also by large rate of environmental pollution. For Example, in 2005 devastating Texas City Refinery explosion cost lives of many workers as well as light hydrocarbons concentrated at ground level throughout a large surrounding area which caused long lasting environmental pollution (Baldwin & Lisa, 2008). Furthermore, economic loss cannot also be over looked. A little mistake costs huge loss in assembly line of work. Thus accidents reduce production rate, lessen the quality of product and the reputation of industry also.
An individual’s personality traits seem to be a factor in developing and shaping violent criminal behaviour. Due to this realization, the present study seeks to explore the relationship of personality traits with low self-control, aggression, and self-serving cognitive distortion. The present study was an observational cross-sectional study using a guided self-administered questionnaire: M-PsychoQ. The source population was the male murderers incarcerated in 11 prisons in Peninsular Malaysia. 71 participants were selected based on a predetermined selection criteria using purposive sampling method. After undergoing the validation processes, the emerged M-PsychoQ consisted of four psychometric instruments: Malay versions of the Zuckerman Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire-40-Cross-Culture (ZKPQ-M-40-CC), Self-control Scale (SCS-M), Aggression Questionnaire (AQ-M-12), and “How I Think†Questionnaire (HIT-M). Regression analyses viz. simple and multiple linear regression approaches were conducted in order to predict whether personality traits would emerge as significant predictors. The findings evidenced certain personality traits as significant predictors of low self-control, high levels of aggression and self-serving cognitive distortion. This study imparts statistical evidence on the role of personality traits as an important predictor of low self-control, high aggression and self-serving cognitive distortion. The results were discussed in relation to the theory and context of murder.