Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 23 in total

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  1. Fulltext Real-time IoT-powered AI system for monitoring and forecasting of air pollution in industrial environment
    Ramadan MNA, Ali MAH, Khoo SY, Alkhedher M, Alherbawi M
    Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2024 Sep 15;283:116856.
    PMID: 39151373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116856
    Air pollution in industrial environments, particularly in the chrome plating process, poses significant health risks to workers due to high concentrations of hazardous pollutants. Exposure to substances like hexavalent chromium, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and particulate matter can lead to severe health issues, including respiratory problems and lung cancer. Continuous monitoring and timely intervention are crucial to mitigate these risks. Traditional air quality monitoring methods often lack real-time data analysis and predictive capabilities, limiting their effectiveness in addressing pollution hazards proactively. This paper introduces a real-time air pollution monitoring and forecasting system specifically designed for the chrome plating industry. The system, supported by Internet of Things (IoT) sensors and AI approaches, detects a wide range of air pollutants, including NH3, CO, NO2, CH4, CO2, SO2, O3, PM2.5, and PM10, and provides real-time data on pollutant concentration levels. Data collected by the sensors are processed using LSTM, Random Forest, and Linear Regression models to predict pollution levels. The LSTM model achieved a coefficient of variation (R²) of 99 % and a mean absolute percentage error (MAE) of 0.33 for temperature and humidity forecasting. For PM2.5, the Random Forest model outperformed others, achieving an R² of 84 % and an MAE of 10.11. The system activates factory exhaust fans to circulate air when high pollution levels are predicted to occur in the next hours, allowing for proactive measures to improve air quality before issues arise. This innovative approach demonstrates significant advancements in industrial environmental monitoring, enabling dynamic responses to pollution and improving air quality in industrial settings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis
  2. Analysis of volatile compounds of Malaysian Tualang (Koompassia excelsa) honey using gas chromatography mass spectrometry
    Nurul Syazana MS, Gan SH, Halim AS, Shah NS, Gan SH, Sukari HA
    Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med, 2013;10(2):180-8.
    PMID: 24146441
    The constituents of honey's volatile compounds depend on the nectar source and differ depending on the place of origin. To date, the volatile constituents of Tualang honey have never been investigated. The objective of this study was to analyze the volatile compounds in local Malaysian Tualang honey. A continuous extraction of Tualang honey using five organic solvents was carried out starting from non-polar to polar solvents and the extracted samples were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Overall, 35 volatile compounds were detected. Hydrocarbons constitute 58.5% of the composition of Tualang honey. Other classes of chemical compounds detected included acids, aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, terpenes, furans and a miscellaneous group. Methanol yielded the highest number of extracted compounds such as acids and 5-(Hydroxymethyl) furfural (HMF). This is the first study to describe the volatile compounds in Tualang honey. The use of a simple one tube, stepwise, non-thermal liquid-liquid extraction of honey is a advantageous as it prevents sample loss. Further research to test the clinical benefits of these volatile compounds is recommended.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis*
  3. Characterization and source profiling of volatile organic compounds in indoor air of private residences in Selangor State, Malaysia
    Sakai N, Yamamoto S, Matsui Y, Khan MF, Latif MT, Ali Mohd M, et al.
    Sci Total Environ, 2017 May 15;586:1279-1286.
    PMID: 28236484 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.139
    Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in indoor air were investigated at 39 private residences in Selangor State, Malaysia to characterize the indoor air quality and to identify pollution sources. Twenty-two VOCs including isomers (14 aldehydes, 5 aromatic hydrocarbons, acetone, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene) were collected by 2 passive samplers for 24h and quantitated using high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Source profiling based on benzene/toluene ratio as well as statistical analysis (cluster analysis, bivariate correlation analysis and principal component analysis) was performed to identify pollution sources of the detected VOCs. The VOCs concentrations were compared with regulatory limits of air quality guidelines in WHO/EU, the US, Canada and Japan to clarify the potential health risks to the residents. The 39 residences were classified into 2 groups and 2 ungrouped residences based on the dendrogram in the cluster analysis. Group 1 (n=30) had mainly toluene (6.87±2.19μg/m3), formaldehyde (16.0±10.1μg/m3), acetaldehyde (5.35±4.57μg/m3) and acetone (11.1±5.95μg/m3) at background levels. Group 2 (n=7) had significantly high values of formaldehyde (99.3±10.7μg/m3) and acetone (35.8±12.6μg/m3), and a tendency to have higher values of acetaldehyde (23.7±13.5μg/m3), butyraldehyde (3.35±0.41μg/m3) and isovaleraldehyde (2.30±0.39μg/m3). The 2 ungrouped residences showed particularly high concentrations of BTX (benzene, toluene and xylene: 235μg/m3 in total) or acetone (133μg/m3). The geometric mean value of formaldehyde (19.2μg/m3) exceeded an 8-hour regulatory limit in Canada (9μg/m3), while those in other compounds did not exceed any regulatory limits, although a few residences exceeded at least one regulatory limit of benzene or acetaldehyde. Thus, the VOCs in the private residences were effectively characterized from the limited number of monitoring, and the potential health risks of the VOCs exposure, particularly formaldehyde, should be considered in the study area.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis*
  4. Distinctive exotic flavor and aroma compounds of some exotic tropical fruits and berries: a review
    Lasekan O, Abbas KA
    Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 2012;52(8):726-35.
    PMID: 22591343 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2010.507910
    The characteristic flavor of exotic tropical fruits is one of their most attractive attributes to consumers. In this article, the enormous diversity of exotic fruit flavors is reviewed. Classifying some of the exotic fruits into two classes on the basis of whether esters or terpenes predominate in the aroma was also attempted. Indeed, as far as exotic tropical fruits are concerned, the majority of fruits have terpenes predominating in their aroma profile. Some of the fruits in this group are the Amazonian fruits such as pitanga, umbu-caja, camu-camu, garcinia, and bacuri. The ester group is made up of rambutan, durians, star fruit, snake fruit, acerola, tamarind, sapodilla, genipap, soursop, cashew, melon, jackfruit, and cupuacu respectively. Also, the role of sulphur-volatiles in some of the exotic fruits is detailed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis
  5. Characterisation of calamansi (Citrus microcarpa). Part II: volatiles, physicochemical properties and non-volatiles in the juice
    Cheong MW, Zhu D, Sng J, Liu SQ, Zhou W, Curran P, et al.
    Food Chem, 2012 Sep 15;134(2):696-703.
    PMID: 23107680 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.139
    Calamansi juices from three countries (Malaysia, the Philippines and Vietnam) were characterised through measuring volatiles, physicochemical properties and non-volatiles (sugars, organic acids and phenolic acids). The volatile components of manually squeezed calamansi juices were extracted using dichloromethane and headspace solid-phase microextraction, and then analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/flame ionisation detector, respectively. A total of 60 volatile compounds were identified. The results indicated that the Vietnam calamansi juice contained the highest amount of volatiles. Two principal components obtained from principal component analysis (PCA) represented 89.65% of the cumulative total variations of the volatiles. Among the non-volatile components, these three calamansi juices could be, to some extent, differentiated according to fructose and glucose concentrations. Hence, this study of calamansi juices could lead to a better understanding of calamansi fruits.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis*
  6. Revolutionizing indoor air quality monitoring through IoT innovations: a comprehensive systematic review and bibliometric analysis
    Tan H, Othman MHD, Kek HY, Chong WT, Nyakuma BB, Wahab RA, et al.
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2024 Jul;31(32):44463-44488.
    PMID: 38943001 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34075-2
    Indoor air quality (IAQ) in the built environment is significantly influenced by particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, and air temperature. Recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been integrated to improve IAQ and safeguard human health, comfort, and productivity. This review seeks to highlight the potential of IoT integration for monitoring IAQ. Additionally, the paper details progress by researchers in developing IoT/mobile applications for IAQ monitoring, and their transformative impact in smart building, healthcare, predictive maintenance, and real-time data analysis systems. It also outlines the persistent challenges (e.g., data privacy, security, and user acceptability), hampering effective IoT implementation for IAQ monitoring. Lastly, the global developments and research landscape on IoT for IAQ monitoring were examined through bibliometric analysis (BA) of 106 publications indexed in Web of Science from 2015 to 2022. BA revealed the most significant contributing countries are India and Portugal, while the top productive institutions and researchers are Instituto Politecnico da Guarda (10.37% of TP) and Marques Goncalo (15.09% of TP), respectively. Keyword analysis revealed four major research themes: IoT, pollution, monitoring, and health. Overall, this paper provides significant insights for identifying prospective collaborators, benchmark publications, strategic funding, and institutions for future IoT-IAQ researchers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis
  7. Key volatile aroma compounds of three black velvet tamarind (Dialium) fruit species
    Lasekan O, See NS
    Food Chem, 2015 Feb 1;168:561-5.
    PMID: 25172748 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.112
    Nineteen odour-active compounds were quantified in three black velvet tamarind fruit species. Calculation of the odour activity values (OAVs) of the odorants showed that differences in odour profiles of the tamarinds were mainly caused by linalool, limonene, 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone, nonanal, and (Z)-3-hexenal. On the basis of their high OAVs, cis-linalool oxide (furanoid), geranyl acetone, and cinnamyl acetate were identified as other potent odorants in the three tamarinds. Sensory studies revealed very distinct aroma profiles, which are characteristic of these types of fruits. While the Dialiumguineense elicited floral, flowery, caramel-like notes, the other two species were dominated by leaf-like, caramel, and green notes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis
  8. Release of offensive odorants from the combustion of barbecue charcoals
    Mahmudur Rahman M, Kim KH
    J Hazard Mater, 2012 May 15;215-216:233-42.
    PMID: 22424818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.02.055
    A number of offensive odorants including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), reduced sulfur compounds (RSCs), carbonyls, and ammonia were measured along with several reference pollutants (like benzene (B), CS(2), SO(2), CO, and total hydrocarbon (THC)) from combusted fumes of barbecue charcoals produced from five different countries (Korea, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the US). Although the emission concentrations of most odorants were generally below the reference guideline set by the malodor prevention law in Korea, the mean concentration of some aldehydes (acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, and isovaleraldehyde) and ammonia exceeded those guidelines. As such, aldehydes were the most dominant odorant released from charcoal combustion followed by VOC and ammonia. If odorant levels of charcoal products are compared, there are great distinctions between the products of different countries. If comparison is made using the concept of the sum of odor intensity (SOI), the magnitude of SOI for the charcoal products from the five different countries varied in the order of 4.30 (Korea), 3.10 (Indonesia), 2.97 (China), 2.76 (Malaysia), and 2.76 (the US).
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis
  9. Volatile constituents of roasted tigernut oil (Cyperus esculentus L.)
    Lasekan O
    J Sci Food Agric, 2013 Mar 30;93(5):1055-61.
    PMID: 22936608 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5846
    Volatile compounds play a key role in determining the sensory appreciation of vegetable oils. In this study a systematic evaluation of odorants responsible for the characteristic flavour of roasted tigernut oil was carried out.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis*
  10. Characterisation of calamansi (Citrus microcarpa). Part I: volatiles, aromatic profiles and phenolic acids in the peel
    Cheong MW, Chong ZS, Liu SQ, Zhou W, Curran P, Bin Yu
    Food Chem, 2012 Sep 15;134(2):686-95.
    PMID: 23107679 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.162
    Volatile compounds in the peel of calamansi (Citrus microcarpa) from Malaysia, the Philippines and Vietnam were extracted with dichloromethane and hexane, and then analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy/flame ionisation detector. Seventy-nine compounds representing >98% of the volatiles were identified. Across the three geographical sources, a relatively small proportion of potent oxygenated compounds was significantly different, exemplified by the highest amount of methyl N-methylanthranilate in Malaysian calamansi peel. Principal component analysis and canonical discriminant analysis were applied to interpret the complex volatile compounds in the calamansi peel extracts, and to verify the discrimination among the different origins. In addition, four common hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic and sinapic acids) were determined in the methanolic extracts of calamansi peel using ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array detector. The Philippines calamansi peel contained the highest amount of total phenolic acids. In addition, p-Coumaric acid was the dominant free phenolic acids, whereas ferulic acid was the main bound phenolic acid.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis*
  11. Fulltext Separation and identification of volatile compounds from liquid cultures of Trichoderma harzianum by GC-MS using three different capillary columns
    Siddiquee S, Cheong BE, Taslima K, Kausar H, Hasan MM
    J Chromatogr Sci, 2012 Apr;50(4):358-67.
    PMID: 22407347 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bms012
    A simple, fast, repeatable and less laborious sample preparation protocol was developed and applied for the analysis of biocontrol fungus Trichoderma harzianum strain FA1132 by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The match factors for sample spectra with respect to the mass spectra library of fungal volatile compounds were determined and used to study the complex hydrocarbons and other volatile compounds, which were separated by using different capillary columns with nonpolar, medium polar and high polar stationary phases. To date, more than 278 volatile compounds (with spectral match factor at least 90%) such as normal saturated hydrocarbons (C7-C30), cyclohexane, cyclopentane, fatty acids, alcohols, esters, sulfur-containing compounds, simple pyrane and benzene derivatives have been identified. Most of these compounds have not previously been reported. The method described in this paper is a more convenient research tool for the detection of volatile compounds from the cultures of T. harzianum.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis*
  12. Discrimination of Malaysian stingless bee honey from different entomological origins based on physicochemical properties and volatile compound profiles using chemometrics and machine learning
    Sharin SN, Sani MSA, Jaafar MA, Yuswan MH, Kassim NK, Manaf YN, et al.
    Food Chem, 2021 Jun 01;346:128654.
    PMID: 33461823 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128654
    Identification of honey origin based on specific chemical markers is important for honey authentication. This study is aimed to differentiate Malaysian stingless bee honey from different entomological origins (Heterotrigona bakeri, Geniotrigona thoracica and Tetrigona binghami) based on physicochemical properties (pH, moisture content, ash, total soluble solid and electrical conductivity) and volatile compound profiles. The discrimination pattern of 75 honey samples was observed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA), Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The profiles of H. bakeri and G. thoracica honey were close to each other, but clearly separated from T. binghami honey, consistent with their phylogenetic relationship. T. binghami honey is marked by significantly higher electrical conductivity, moisture and ash content, and high abundance of 2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, 2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexene-1-acetaldehyde and ethyl 2-(5-methyl-5-vinyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)propan-2-yl carbonate. Copaene was proposed as chemical marker for G. thoracica honey. The potential of different parameters that aid in honey authentication was highlighted.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis*
  13. Analysis of volatile flavour compounds and acrylamide in roasted Malaysian tropical almond (Terminalia catappa) nuts using supercritical fluid extraction
    Lasekan O, Abbas K
    Food Chem Toxicol, 2010 Aug-Sep;48(8-9):2212-6.
    PMID: 20510332 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.05.050
    Considering the importance of tropical almond nuts as a snack item, a study was conducted to identify the flavour volatiles and acrylamide generated during the roasting of the nuts. The supercritical fluid extracted flavour components revealed 74 aroma active compounds made up of 27 hydrocarbons, 12 aldehydes, 11 ketones, 7 acids, 4 esters, 3 alcohols, 5 furan derivatives a pyrazine, and 2 unknown compounds. While low levels of acrylamide (8-86 microg/kg) were obtained in the roasted nuts, significant (P<0.05) increases occurred in concentration with increased roasting temperature and time. Carboxylic acids were the most abundant volatiles in the roasted almond nuts and less significant (P>0.05) concentration of acrylamide was generated with mild roasting and shorter roasting period.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis*
  14. Varieties, production, composition and health benefits of vinegars: A review
    Ho CW, Lazim AM, Fazry S, Zaki UKHH, Lim SJ
    Food Chem, 2017 Apr 15;221:1621-1630.
    PMID: 27979138 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.10.128
    Vinegars are liquid products produced from the alcoholic and subsequent acetous fermentation of carbohydrate sources. They have been used as remedies in many cultures and have been reported to provide beneficial health effects when consumed regularly. Such benefits are due to various types of polyphenols, micronutrients and other bioactive compounds found in vinegars that contribute to their pharmacological effects, among them, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidative, antiobesity and antihypertensive effects. There are many types of vinegars worldwide, including black vinegar, rice vinegar, balsamic vinegar and white wine vinegar. All these vinegars are produced using different raw materials, yeast strains and fermentation procedures, thus giving them their own unique tastes and flavours. The main volatile compound in vinegar is acetic acid, which gives vinegar its strong, sour aroma and flavour. Other volatile compounds present in vinegars are mainly alcohols, acids, esters, aldehydes and ketones. The diversity of vinegars allows extensive applications in food.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis
  15. Fulltext A study on volatile organic compounds emitted by in-vitro lung cancer cultured cells using gas sensor array and SPME-GCMS
    Thriumani R, Zakaria A, Hashim YZH, Jeffree AI, Helmy KM, Kamarudin LM, et al.
    BMC Cancer, 2018 04 02;18(1):362.
    PMID: 29609557 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4235-7
    BACKGROUND: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from exhaled breath from human bodies have been proven to be a useful source of information for early lung cancer diagnosis. To date, there are still arguable information on the production and origin of significant VOCs of cancer cells. Thus, this study aims to conduct in-vitro experiments involving related cell lines to verify the capability of VOCs in providing information of the cells.

    METHOD: The performances of e-nose technology with different statistical methods to determine the best classifier were conducted and discussed. The gas sensor study has been complemented using solid phase micro-extraction-gas chromatography mass spectrometry. For this purpose, the lung cancer cells (A549 and Calu-3) and control cell lines, breast cancer cell (MCF7) and non-cancerous lung cell (WI38VA13) were cultured in growth medium.

    RESULTS: This study successfully provided a list of possible volatile organic compounds that can be specific biomarkers for lung cancer, even at the 24th hour of cell growth. Also, the Linear Discriminant Analysis-based One versus All-Support Vector Machine classifier, is able to produce high performance in distinguishing lung cancer from breast cancer cells and normal lung cells.

    CONCLUSION: The findings in this work conclude that the specific VOC released from the cancer cells can act as the odour signature and potentially to be used as non-invasive screening of lung cancer using gas array sensor devices.

    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis*
  16. Removal of VOCs from gas streams with double perovskite-type catalysts
    Pan KL, Pan GT, Chong S, Chang MB
    J Environ Sci (China), 2018 Jul;69:205-216.
    PMID: 29941256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.10.012
    Double perovskite-type catalysts including La2CoMnO6 and La2CuMnO6 are first evaluated for the effectiveness in removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and single perovskites (LaCoO3, LaMnO3, and LaCuO3) are also tested for comparison. All perovskites are tested with the gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 30,000hr-1, and the temperature range of 100-600°C for C7H8 removal. Experimental results indicate that double perovskites have better activity if compared with single perovskites. Especially, toluene (C7H8) can be completely oxidized to CO2 at 300°C as La2CoMnO6 is applied. Characterization of catalysts indicates that double perovskites own unique surface properties and are of higher amounts of lattice oxygen, leading to higher activity. Additionally, apparent activation energy of 68kJ/mol is calculated using Mars-van Krevelen model for C7H8 oxidation with La2CoMnO6 as catalyst. For durability test, both La2CoMnO6 and La2CuMnO6 maintain high C7H8 removal efficiencies of 100% and 98%, respectively, at 300°C and 30,000hr-1, and they also show good resistance to CO2 (5%) and H2O(g) (5%) of the gas streams tested. For various VOCs including isopropyl alcohol (C3H8O), ethanal (C2H4O), and ethylene (C2H4) tested, as high as 100% efficiency could be achieved with double perovskite-type catalysts operated at 300-350°C, indicating that double perovskites are promising catalysts for VOCs removal.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis
  17. Fulltext Combination of Sensory, Chromatographic, and Chemometrics Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds for the Discrimination of Authentic and Unauthentic Harumanis Mangoes
    Zakaria SR, Saim N, Osman R, Abdul Haiyee Z, Juahir H
    Molecules, 2018 Sep 16;23(9).
    PMID: 30223605 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092365
    This study analyzed the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of three mango varieties (Harumanis, Tong Dam and Susu) for the discrimination of authentic Harumanis from other mangoes. The VOCs of these mangoes were extracted and analysed nondestructively using Head Space-Solid Phase Micro Extraction (HS-SPME) coupled to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Prior to the analytical method, two simple sensory analyses were carried out to assess the ability of the consumers to differentiate between the Harumanis and Tong Dam mangoes as well as their preferences towards these mangoes. On the other hand, chemometrics techniques, such as principal components analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), and discriminant analysis (DA), were used to visualise grouping tendencies of the volatile compounds detected. These techniques were successful in identifying the grouping tendencies of the mango samples according to the presence of their respective volatile compounds, thus enabling the identification of the groups of substances responsible for the discrimination between the authentic and unauthentic Harumanis mangoes. In addition, three ocimene compounds, namely beta-ocimene, trans beta-ocimene, and allo-ocimene, can be considered as chemical markers of the Harumanis mango, as these compounds exist in all Harumanis mango, regardless the different sources of the mangoes obtained.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis*
  18. Fulltext The Role of Green Building Materials in Reducing Environmental and Human Health Impacts
    Khoshnava SM, Rostami R, Mohamad Zin R, Štreimikienė D, Mardani A, Ismail M
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020 04 10;17(7).
    PMID: 32290074 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072589
    Conventional building materials (CBMs) made from non-renewable resources are the main source of indoor air contaminants, whose impact can extend from indoors to outdoors. Given their sustainable development (SD) prospect, green building materials (GBMs) with non-toxic, natural, and organic compounds have the potential to reduce their overall impacts on environmental and human health. In this regard, biocomposites as GBMs are environmentally friendly, safe, and recyclable materials and their replacement of CBMs reduces environmental impacts and human health concerns. This study aims to develop a model of fully hybrid bio-based biocomposite as non-structural GBMs and compare it with fully petroleum-based composite in terms of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and human health impacts. Using a small chamber test (American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)-D5116) for VOC investigation and SimaPro software modeling with the ReCiPe method for evaluating human health impacts. Life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology is used, and the results indicate that switching the fully hybrid bio-based biocomposite with the fully petroleum-based composite could reduce more than 50% impacts on human health in terms of indoor and outdoor. Our results indicate that the usage of biocomposite as GBMs can be an environmentally friendly solution for reducing the total indoor and outdoor impacts on human health.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis*
  19. Indoor generated PM2.5 compositions and volatile organic compounds: Potential sources and health risk implications
    Idris SA', Hanafiah MM, Khan MF, Hamid HHA
    Chemosphere, 2020 Sep;255:126932.
    PMID: 32402880 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126932
    The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential sources of heavy metals in fine air particles (PM2.5) and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and isomeric xylenes (BTEX) in gas phase indoor air. PM2.5 samples were collected using a low volume sampler. BTEX samples were collected using passive sampling onto sorbent tubes and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). For the lower and upper floors of the evaluated building, the concentrations of PM2.5 were 96.4 ± 2.70 μg/m3 and 80.2 ± 3.11 μg/m3, respectively. The compositions of heavy metals in PM2.5 were predominated by iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and aluminum (Al) with concentration of 500 ± 50.07 ng/m3, 466 ± 77.38 ng/m3, and 422 ± 147.38 ng/m3. A principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the main sources of BTEX were originated from vehicle emissions and exacerbate because of temperature variations. Hazard quotient results for BTEX showed that the compounds were below acceptable limits and thus did not possess potential carcinogenic risks. However, a measured output of lifetime cancer probability revealed that benzene and ethylbenzene posed definite carcinogenic risks. Pollutants that originated from heavy traffic next to the sampling site contributed to the indoor pollution.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis*
  20. Assessment of gas chromatography time-of-flight accurate mass spectrometry for identification of volatile and semi-volatile compounds in honey
    Moniruzzaman M, Rodríguez I, Ramil M, Cela R, Sulaiman SA, Gan SH
    Talanta, 2014 Nov;129:505-15.
    PMID: 25127626 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.06.019
    The performance of gas chromatography (GC) combined with a hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) mass spectrometry (MS) system for the determination of volatile and semi-volatile compounds in honey samples is evaluated. After headspace (HS) solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of samples, the accurate mass capabilities of the above system were evaluated for compounds identification. Accurate scan electron impact (EI) MS spectra allowed discriminating compounds displaying the same nominal masses, but having different empirical formulae. Moreover, the use of a mass window with a width of 0.005 Da provided highly specific chromatograms for selected ions, avoiding the contribution of interferences to their peak areas. Additional information derived from positive chemical ionization (PCI) MS spectra and ion product scan MS/MS spectra permitted confirming the identity of novel compounds. The above possibilities are illustrated with examples of honey aroma compounds, belonging to different chemical classes and containing different elements in their molecules. Examples of compounds whose structures could not be described are also provided. Overall, 84 compounds, from a total of 89 species, could be identified in 19 honey samples from 3 different geographic areas in the world. The suitability of responses measured for selected ions, corresponding to above species, for authentication purposes is assessed through principal components analysis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis*
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