Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 38 in total

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  1. Two new species of eriophyid mites (Acari: Eriophyidae) from Malaysia
    Yuan YM, Xue XF
    Zootaxa, 2019 Jun 04;4613(1):zootaxa.4613.1.8.
    PMID: 31716430 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4613.1.8
    Two new species of the family Eriophyidae (Acari: Eriophyoidea) from Mount Trusmadi, Malaysia, are described and illustrated. They are Neodicrothrix grandcaputus sp. nov. on Stachyurus himalaicus (Stachyuraceae) and Latitudo asiaticis sp. nov. on Psychotria asiatica (Rubiaceae). Both of the two new species are vagrant on the lower leaf surface. No damage to the host was observed. In addition to the description, a key to species of Neodicrothrix is provided.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae*
  2. Glabraquinone A and B, new bisanthraquinones from Prismatomeris glabra (Korth.) Valeton
    Primus PS, Wu CH, Kao CL, Choo YM
    Nat Prod Res, 2024 Apr;38(8):1406-1413.
    PMID: 36416441 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2147932
    Two new bisanthraquinones, glabraquinone A and B (1-2) were isolated from the root of Prismatomeris glabra (Korth.) Valeton. In addition to the new glabraquinones, six known anthraquinones, that is, 1-hydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methylanthraquinone (3), 1,2-dimethoxy-7-methylanthraquinone (4), lucidin (5), nordamnacanthal (6), damnacanthal (7) and 2-carboxaldehyde-3-hydroxyanthraquinone (8)) and an aromatic compound, that is, catechol diethyl ether (9) were isolated and characterized in this study. Compounds 1, 4 and 9 showed mild activity, reducing N2A cell viability to 77%, 82% and 77%, respectively, in anti-neuroblastoma assay.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae*
  3. Fulltext Genus Ophiorrhiza: A Review of Its Distribution, Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Biological Activities and Propagation
    Taher M, Shaari SS, Susanti D, Arbain D, Zakaria ZA
    Molecules, 2020 Jun 04;25(11).
    PMID: 32512727 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112611
    Almost 50 species of Ophiorrhiza plants were reviewed in this work and the main objective is to critically analyse their distribution, phytochemical content, biological activity, and propagation. Moreover, the information would be useful in promoting the relevant uses of the plant, especially in the medicinal fields based on in vitro and in vivo studies. To this end, scientific sources, including theses, PubMed, Google Scholar, International Islamic University Malaysia IIUM EBSCO, PubChem, and Elsevier, were accessed for publications regarding the Ophiorrhiza genus in this review. Scientific literature regarding the Ophiorrhiza plants revealed their wide distribution across Asia and the neighbouring countries, whereby they were utilised as traditional medicine to treat various diseases. In particular, various active compounds, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids, were reported in the plant. Furthermore, the Ophiorrhiza species showed highly diverse biological activities, such as anti-cancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, and more. The genus propagation reported could produce a high quality and quantity of potent anticancer compound, namely camptothecin (CPT). Hence, it is believed that the relevant uses of natural compounds present in the plants can replace the existing crop of synthetic anticancer drugs associated with a multitude of unbearable side effects. Additionally, more future studies on the Ophiorrhiza species should be undertaken to establish the links between its traditional uses, active compounds, and pharmacological activities reported.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae/classification; Rubiaceae/growth & development; Rubiaceae/metabolism*; Rubiaceae/chemistry*
  4. Seed dispersal by proboscis monkeys: the case of Nauclea spp
    Thiry V, Bhasin O, Stark DJ, Beudels-Jamar RC, Vercauteren Drubbel R, Nathan SKSS, et al.
    Primates, 2019 Sep;60(5):449-457.
    PMID: 31342225 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-019-00736-x
    Frugivorous vertebrates such as primates are important dispersal agents in tropical forests, although the role of folivorous colobines is generally not considered. However, recent studies reported seed dispersal by endo- and epizoochory in colobine primates, including the proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus), suggesting that the role colobines play in seed dispersal might have been underestimated. In the Lower Kinabatangan Floodplain in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, we investigated whether seeds were still able to germinate after being ingested by proboscis monkeys. Faecal samples (n = 201) from proboscis monkeys were collected between 2015 and 2017. Intact seeds belonging to eight plant species were found in 77% of the faecal samples. Nauclea spp. were the most abundant plant species, accounting for 98% of all intact seeds. This study is the first to conduct germination trials on seeds defecated by proboscis monkeys. Higher germination success was recorded in ingested Nauclea spp. seeds than in control seeds, from both ripe and unripe Nauclea orientalis fruits (P 
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae/physiology*
  5. Fulltext Leaf Anatomy and Micromorphology Characteristics of Ketum [Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil.] (Rubiaceae)
    Ghazalli MN, Md Sah MS, Mat M, Awang K, Jaafar MA, Mirad R, et al.
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2021 Mar;32(1):107-117.
    PMID: 33936554 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2021.32.1.7
    Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil. or locally known as ketum/daun sebiak/biak-biak belongs to Rubiaceae family and generally occurs in secondary forest or disturbed areas in tropical and subtropical region. This research enumerated the characterisation of Mitragyna speciosa leaf anatomy and micromorphology features which is still not well documented. This medium to large sized tree species characterised with opposite arrangement, ovate-acuminate leaf and with 12-17 pairs of veins. Transverse sections of petioles showed that this species has petiole outlines with slightly convex at the middle of the adaxial part and 'U'-shaped on abaxial side. Results also showed that this species has paracytic and hypostomatic stomata, combination of non-glandular (majority) and glandular trichomes (minority), with observation on the secretory cells present in petiole and midrib parenchyma cells. Cuticle on the abaxial and adaxial epidermal surfaces showed the presence granule and wax films with periclinal and anticlinal walls can be differentiated clearly. The results obtained in this study can be used to providing additional systematics information of Mitragyna speciosa with the documentation of the leaf anatomy and micromorphology characters.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae
  6. Fulltext Antioxidant activity and phenolic content of Paederia foetida and Syzygium aqueum
    Osman H, Rahim AA, Isa NM, Bakhir NM
    Molecules, 2009;14(3):970-8.
    PMID: 19305354 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14030970
    The antioxidant activity of fresh and dried plant extracts of Paederia foetida and Syzygium aqueum were studied using beta-carotene bleaching and the 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation assay. The percentage of antioxidant activity for all extract samples using both assays was between 58 and 80%. The fresh samples of both plants had higher antioxidant activity than the dried samples. The results of the beta-carotene bleaching assay were correlated (R(2) = 0.9849) with those of the ABTS assay.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae/chemistry*
  7. Fulltext Crystal structure of bis-[(phenyl-methanamine-κN)(phthalocyaninato-κ(4) N)zinc] phenyl-methan-amine tris-olvate
    Shamsudin N, Tan AL, Wimmer FL, Young DJ, Tiekink ER
    Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun, 2015 Sep 1;71(Pt 9):1026-31.
    PMID: 26396840 DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015014280
    The asymmetric unit of the title compound, 2[Zn(C32H16N8)(C7H9N)]·3C7H9N, comprises two independent complex mol-ecules and three benzyl-amine solvent mol-ecules. Each complex mol-ecule features a penta-coordinated Zn(2+) ion within a square-pyramidal geometry, whereby the N5 donor set is defined by four atoms of the phthalocyaninate dianion (PC) and an N-bound benzyl-amine mol-ecule; it is the relative orientations of the latter that differentiate between the independent complex mol-ecules. The uncoordinated benzyl-amine mol-ecules display different conformations in the structure, with syn-Car-Car-Cm-N (ar = aromatic, m = methyl-ene) torsion angles spanning the range -28.7 (10) to 35.1 (14)°. In the crystal, N-H⋯N and N-H⋯π inter-actions lead to supra-molecular layers in the ab plane. The layers have a zigzag topology, have the coordinating and non-coordinating benzyl-amine mol-ecules directed to the inside, and present the essentially flat PC resides to the outside. This arrangement enables adjacent layers to associate via π-π inter-actions [inter-centroid distance between pyrrolyl and fused-benzene rings = 3.593 (2) Å] so that a three-dimensional architecture is formed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae
  8. Fulltext Anticancer properties of Malaysian herbs: a review
    Wan Afiqah Syahirah Wan Ghazalia, A’attiyyah Ab Alim, Thirumulu Ponnuraj Kannan, Nurul Asma Abdullah, Nor Azah Mohd Ali, Khairani Idah Mokhtar
    Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2016;11(2):19-25.
    MyJurnal
    Discovery of drugs from medicinal plants continues to provide major leads against various
    pharmacological targets, particularly in cancer diseases. Hence, there are increasing demands to discover
    more therapeutic agents from various species of medicinal plants. Chemical compounds in plants are
    important for human beings due to their therapeutic properties. Goniothalamus umbrosus, Typhonium
    flagelliforme, Myrmecodia pendens, Strobilanthes crispus and Clinacanthus nutans, are among the herbal
    species, which are consumed by cancer patients in order to combat against the growth of cancer cells. The
    present review aims to highlight on the anti-cancer properties of the listed Malaysian herbs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae
  9. Fulltext Pharmacological screening of methanolic extract of Ixora species
    Latha LY, Darah I, Jain K, Sasidharan S
    Asian Pac J Trop Biomed, 2012 Feb;2(2):149-51.
    PMID: 23569886 DOI: 10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60210-4
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts of different parts of Ixora species.

    METHODS: Antimicrobial activity was carried out using disc diffusion assay against fungi, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

    RESULTS: All methanolic extracts of different parts of Ixora species showed a broad-spectrum of antibacterial and antiyeast activities, which inhibited the growth of at least one bacterium or yeast. There was no remarkable difference between different Ixora species observed in this study.

    CONCLUSIONS: The significant antimicrobial activity shown by this Ixora species suggests its potential against infections caused by pathogens. The extract may be developed as an antimicrobial agent.

    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae/classification; Rubiaceae/metabolism*
  10. Green nanoemulsion-laden glyphosate isopropylamine formulation in suppressing creeping foxglove (A. gangetica), slender button weed (D. ocimifolia) and buffalo grass (P. conjugatum)
    Lim CJ, Basri M, Omar D, Abdul Rahman MB, Salleh AB, Raja Abdul Rahman RN
    Pest Manag Sci, 2013 Jan;69(1):104-11.
    PMID: 22865686 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3371
    Pesticides are developed with carriers to improve their physicochemical properties and, accordingly, the bioefficacy of the applied formulation. For foliar-applied herbicide, generally less than 0.1% of the active ingredient reaching the target site could reduce pesticide performance. Recently, a carrier of nanoemulsion consisting of oil, surfactant and water, with a particle size of less than 200 nm, has been shown to enhance drug permeability for skin penetration in pharmaceutical delivery systems. In the present work, the aim was to formulate a water-soluble herbicide, glyphosate isopropylamine (IPA), using a green nanoemulsion system for a biological activity study against the weeds creeping foxglove, slender button weed and buffalo grass.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae/drug effects*; Rubiaceae/growth & development
  11. Occurrence of stomatal patchiness and its spatial scale in leaves from various sizes of trees distributed in a South-east Asian tropical rainforest in Peninsular Malaysia
    Kamakura M, Kosugi Y, Takanashi S, Uemura A, Utsugi H, Kassim AR
    Tree Physiol, 2015 Jan;35(1):61-70.
    PMID: 25595752 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpu109
    In this study, we demonstrated the occurrence of stomatal patchiness and its spatial scale in leaves from various sizes of trees grown in a lowland dipterocarp forest in Peninsular Malaysia. To evaluate the patterns of stomatal behavior, we used three techniques simultaneously to analyze heterobaric or homobaric leaves from five tree species ranging from 0.6 to 31 m in height: (i) diurnal changes in chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, (ii) observation and simulation of leaf gas-exchange rates and (iii) a pressure-infiltration method. Measurements were performed in situ with 1000 or 500 μmol m(-2) s(-1) photosynthetic photon flux density. Diurnal patterns in the spatial distribution of photosynthetic electron transport rate (J) mapped from chlorophyll fluorescence images, a comparison of observed and simulated leaf gas-exchange rates, and the spatial distribution of stomatal apertures obtained from the acid-fuchsin-infiltrated area showed that patchy stomatal closure coupled with severe midday depression of photosynthesis occurred in Neobalanocarpus heimii (King) Ashton, a higher canopy tree with heterobaric leaves due to the higher leaf temperature and vapor pressure deficit. However, subcanopy or understory trees showed uniform stomatal behavior throughout the day, although they also have heterobaric leaves. These results suggest that the occurrence of stomatal patchiness is determined by tree size and/or environmental conditions. The analysis of spatial scale by chlorophyll fluorescence imaging showed that several adjacent anatomical patches (lamina areas bounded by bundle-sheath extensions within the lamina) may co-operate for the distributed patterns of J and stomatal apertures.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae/anatomy & histology; Rubiaceae/physiology
  12. Fulltext Development of novel microsatellite markers using RAD sequencing technology for diversity assessment of rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) germplasm
    Ab Razak S, Mad Radzuan S, Mohamed N, Nor Azman NHE, Abd Majid AM, Ismail SN, et al.
    Heliyon, 2020 Sep;6(9):e05077.
    PMID: 33024864 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05077
    The trend of microsatellite marker discovery and development revolved as a result of the advancement of next generation sequencing (NGS) technology as it has developed numerous microsatellites within a short period of time at a low cost. This study generated microsatellite markers using RAD sequencing technologies for the understudied Nephelium lappaceum. A total of 1403 microsatellite markers were successfully designed, which consisted of 853 di-, 525 tri-, 17 tetra-, 5 penta-, and 3 hexanucleotide microsatellite markers. Subsequently, selection of 39 microsatellites was made for the evaluation of genetic diversity of the selected 22 rambutan varieties. Twelve microsatellites, which exhibited high call rates across the samples, were used to assess the diversity of the aforementioned rambutan varieties. The analysis of 12 microsatellites revealed the presence of 72 alleles and six alleles per locus in average. Furthermore, the polymorphic information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.326 (NlaSSR20) to 0.832 (NlaSSR32), which included an average of 0.629 per locus, while the generated Neighbour Joining dendrogram showed two major clusters. The pairwise genetic distance of shared alleles exhibited a range of values from 0.046 (R134↔R170) to 0.818 (R5↔R170), which suggested highest dissimilarity detected between R5 and R170. Notably, these research findings would useful for varietal identification, proper management and conservation of the genetic resources, and exploitation and utilization in future breeding programs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae
  13. Fulltext Distribution of plant species with potential therapeutic effect in area of the Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Kuala Pilah campus
    Rosli Noormi, Raba’atun Adawiyah Shamsuddin, Anis Raihana Abdullah, Hidayah Yahaya, Liana Mohd Zulkamal, Muhammad Amar Rosly, et al.
    Journal of Academia Universiti Teknologi MARA Negeri Sembilan, 2020;8(2):48-57.
    MyJurnal
    Knowledge of species richness and distribution is decisive for the composition of conservation areas. Plants typically contain many bioactive compounds are used for medicinal purposes for several disease treatment. This study aimed to identify the plant species distribution in area of UiTM Kuala Pilah, providing research scientific data and to contribute to knowledge of the use of the plants as therapeutic resources. Three quadrat frames (1x1 m), which was labeled as Set 1, 2 and 3 was developed, in each set consists of 4 plots (A, B, C and D). Characteristics of plant species were recorded, identified and classified into their respective groups. Our findings show that the most representative classes were Magnoliopsida with the total value of 71.43%, followed by Liliopsida (17.86%) and Lecanoromycetes (10.71%). A total of 28 plant species belonging to 18 families were identified in all sets with the largest family of Rubiaceae. The most distribution species are Desmodium triflorum, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Flavoparmelia caperata, Xanthoria elegans and Phlyctis argena. Most of the plant possesses their potential to treat skin diseases, fever, ulcers and diabetes as well as digestive problems with their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study suggests that study site and plant species can be delineated as an important area to preserve these therapeutic resources. Finally, this study could also be useful for preliminary screening of potential therapeutic plant found in the study area and useful for the researchers in the pursuit of novel drug discovery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae
  14. Natural indole butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors from Nauclea officinalis
    Liew SY, Khaw KY, Murugaiyah V, Looi CY, Wong YL, Mustafa MR, et al.
    Phytomedicine, 2015 Jan 15;22(1):45-8.
    PMID: 25636869 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.11.003
    Nine monoterpenoid indole alkaloids; naucletine (1), angustidine (2), nauclefine (3), angustine (4), naucline (5), angustoline (6), harmane (7), 3,14-dihydroangustoline (8), strictosamide (9) and one quinoline alkaloid glycoside; pumiloside (10) from Nauclea officinalis were tested for cholinesterase inhibitory activity. All the alkaloids except for pumiloside (10) showed strong to weak BChE inhibitory effect with IC50 values ranging between 1.02-168.55 μM. Angustidine (2), nauclefine (3), angustine (4), angustoline (6) and harmane (7) showed higher BChE inhibiting potency compared to galanthamine. Angustidine (2) was the most potent inhibitor towards both AChE and BChE. Molecular docking (MD) studies showed that angustidine (2) docked deep into the bottom gorge of hBChE and formed hydrogen bonding with Ser 198 and His 438. Kinetic study of angustidine (2) on BChE suggested a mixed inhibition mode with an inhibition constant (Ki) of 6.12 μM.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae/chemistry*
  15. Fulltext Neonaucline, a new indole alkaloid from the leaves of Ochreinauclea maingayii (Hook. f.) Ridsd. (Rubiaceae)
    Muktar MR, Osman N, Awang K, Hazni H, Qureshi AK, Hadi AH, et al.
    Molecules, 2011 Dec 28;17(1):267-74.
    PMID: 22205092 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17010267
    A new indole alkaloid; neonaucline (1), along with six known compounds-Cadamine (2), naucledine (3), harmane, benzamide, cinnamide and blumenol A-were isolated from the leaves of Ochreinauclea maingayii (Rubiaceae). In addition to that of compound 1, (13)C-NMR data of cadamine (2) and naucledine (3) were also reported. Structural elucidations of these alkaloids were performed using spectroscopic methods especially 1D- and 2D-NMR, IR, UV and LCMS-IT-TOF. The excellent vasorelaxant activity on isolated rat aorta was observed for the alkaloids 1-3 after injection of each sample at 1 × 10(-5) M.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae/chemistry*
  16. Sulfur-containing bis-iridoid glucosides and iridoid glucosides from Saprosmas cortechinii
    Ling SK, Komorita A, Tanaka T, Fujioka T, Mihashi K, Kouno I
    J Nat Prod, 2002 May;65(5):656-60.
    PMID: 12027736
    Six new sulfur-containing bis-iridoid glucosides, saprosmosides A-F (1-6), were isolated from the leaves of Saprosma scortechinii. From the stems of this same plant, two new iridoid glucosides, 3,4-dihydro-3-methoxypaederoside (8) and 10-O-benzoyldeacetylasperulosidic acid (12), were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by means of chemical, NMR, and mass spectroscopic methods. Additionally, 11 known iridoid glucosides were isolated and characterized as deacetylasperuloside, asperuloside, paederoside (7), deacetylasperulosidic acid (9), scandoside, asperulosidic acid, 10-acetylscandoside, paederosidic acid (10), 6-epi-paederosidic acid (11), methylpaederosidate, and monotropein. The structures of the new bis-iridoid glucosides were formed by intermolecular esterification between the glucose and carboxyl groups of three monomeric iridoid glucosides (7, 9, and 10).
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae/chemistry*
  17. Fulltext Optimization and Characterization of Palm Oil-based Nanoemulsion Loaded with Parthenium hysterophorus Crude Extract for Natural Herbicide Formulation
    Zainuddin NJ, Ashari SE, Salim N, Asib N, Omar D, Lian GEC
    J Oleo Sci, 2019 Aug 01;68(8):747-757.
    PMID: 31292338 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess18209
    The present study revealed the optimization of nanoemulsion containing palm oil derivatives and Parthenium hysterophorus L. crude extract (PHCE) as pre-emergence herbicide formulation against Diodia ocimifolia. The nanoemulsion formulation was prepared by high energy emulsification method, and it was optimized by mixture experimental design (MED). From the optimization process, analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a fit quadratic polynomial model with an optimal formulation composition containing 30.91% of palm kernel oil ester (PKOE), 28.48% of mixed surfactants (Tensiofix and Tween 80, 8:2), 28.32% of water and 12.29% of PHCE. The reading of both experimental and predicted particle size in the verification experiment were acceptable with a residual standard error (RSE) was less than 2%. Under the optimal condition, the smallest particle size obtained was 140.10 nm, and the particle was shown by morphology analysis to be spherical and demonstrated good stability (no phase separation) under centrifugation and different storage conditions (25 ± 5°C and 45°C). Nanoemulsion stored for 60 days exhibits monodisperse emulsion with a slight increase of particle size. The increase in particle size over time might have contributed by Ostwald ripening phenomenon which is shown by a linear graph from Ostwald ripening rate analysis. In the in vitro germination test, P. hysterophorus nanoemulsion (PHNE) was shown to cause total inhibition of D. ocimifolia seed at lower concentration (5 g L-1) as compared to PHCE (10 g L-1). The finding of the research could potentially serve as a platform for the development of palm oil based formulation containing plant crude extract for green weed management.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae/drug effects
  18. Neolamarckines A and B, new indole alkaloids from Neolamarckia cadamba
    Qureshi AK, Mukhtar MR, Hirasawa Y, Hosoya T, Nugroho AE, Morita H, et al.
    Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo), 2011;59(2):291-3.
    PMID: 21297315
    Two new indole alkaloids, neolamarckines A and B (1, 2) were isolated from the leaves of Neolamarckia cadamba (Rubiaceae). Structural elucidation of 1 and 2 was performed by combination of 2D-NMR and circular dichroism (CD) spectra, and chemical correlations. Neolamarckine A (1) showed inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) dose dependently.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae/chemistry*
  19. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of methanol extracts of Ixora coccinea
    Torey A, Sasidharan S, Latha LY, Sudhakaran S, Ramanathan S
    Pharm Biol, 2010 Oct;48(10):1119-23.
    PMID: 20738154 DOI: 10.3109/13880200903490505
    To investigate the in vitro antioxidant activity of methanol extracts of Ixora coccinea L. (Rubiaceae) flower, leaf and stem.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae/chemistry*
  20. Chemical composition and anticholinesterase inhibitory activity of Pavetta graciliflora Wall. ex Ridl. essential oil
    Salleh WMNHW, Khamis S
    Z Naturforsch C J Biosci, 2020 Nov 26;75(11-12):467-471.
    PMID: 32469335 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2020-0075
    Chemical composition and anticholinesterase activity of the essential oil of Pavetta graciliflora Wall. ex Ridl. (Rubiaceae) was examined for the first time. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and was fully characterized by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 20 components were identified in the essential oil, which made up 92.85% of the total oil. The essential oil is composed mainly of β-caryophyllene (42.52%), caryophyllene oxide (25.33%), β-pinene (8.67%), and α-pinene (6.52%). The essential oil showed weak inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (I%: 62.5%) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (I%: 65.4%) assays. Our findings were shown to be very useful for the characterization, pharmaceutical, and therapeutic applications of the essential oil from P. graciliflora.
    Matched MeSH terms: Rubiaceae/chemistry*
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