MyMedR

Fulltext Multiple atraumatic osteoporotic vertebral fractures in an adolescent with suprasellar germinoma: a case report

Wong C, Phang H, Cheong M, Ramiah R

Malays Orthop J, 2012 Nov;6(3):54-6.

PMID: 25279060 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1207.007

We present the case of a patient with multiple atraumatic osteoporotic vertebral fractures in an adolescent with suprasellar germinoma and also review of relevant literature. The patient suffered from a rare adolescent brain tumour with common complications which are often overlooked and give rise to significant morbidity. Suprasellar germinoma is an intracranial neoplasm, that in addition to its rarity, has variable clinical presentation. Despite appropriate treatment and good outcome, tumour related morbidity is still of concern for these patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Pineal Gland

CNS germinoma with extensive calcification: An unusual histologic finding

Tan GC, Sallapan S, Haworth K, Finlay J, Boue DR, Pierson CR

Malays J Pathol, 2019 Apr;41(1):71-73.

PMID: 31025642

INTRODUCTION: Intratumoral calcification is a feature that is more often observed in pineal parenchymal tumour than germinoma. We describe a 13-year-old male with pineal region germinoma demonstrating extensive intratumoral calcification.

CASE REPORT: He presented with worsening headache that was associated with fatigue, nausea and vomiting. Radiologic examination revealed a multilobular mass in the pineal region with internal calcifications. Biopsy showed a pure germinoma with unusually extensive calcification.

DISCUSSION: Although a diagnosis may be suggested with a careful evaluation of imaging, there is no pathognomonic pattern. Thus, histologic verification is necessary for most pineal region masses.

Matched MeSH terms: Pineal Gland

Fulltext Intracranial germinoma – a case report

Subha, S.T., Puaviappan, P., Ramesh, N., Dass, Dipak B

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2013;9(1):81-82.

MyJurnal

Intracranial germinomas belong to the class of germ cell tumors which are relatively rare intracranial tumors. Early recognition of this neoplasm is vital as germinomas are highly radiosensitive and effective/ early radiation therapy can result in relatively favourable overall prognosis. In this article we describe a 19 years old man who presented with pituitary tumor in the suprasellar region for which transsphenoidal decompression and biopsy was done. The histopathological examination confirmed it to be germinoma and he underwent craniospinal radiotherapy.

Matched MeSH terms: Pineal Gland

The incidence of pineal calcification in the adult Singapore population

Oon CL

Med J Malaysia, 1975 Dec;30(2):149-52.

PMID: 1228381

Matched MeSH terms: Pineal Gland/pathology*

The pineal gland of equatorial mammals. I. The pinealocytes of the Malaysian Rat (Rattus sabanus)

Pévet P, Yadav M

Cell Tissue Res, 1980;210(3):417-33.

PMID: 7407847

The ultrastructure of the pinealocytes of the Malaysian rat (Rattus sabanus), a mammal inhabiting a zone near the equator where the annual variations of daylength are inconspicuous, was examined and compared with that of pinealocytes of other mammals. On the basis of the presence of granular vesicles, only one population of pinealocytes was found. A large number of granular vesicles and vesicle-crowned rodlets is characteristic of the pinealocytes of this equatorial species. Vesicle-crowned rodlets are especially numerous in the endings of the pinealocyte processes and; they most often found in direct topographical connection with the perivascular spaces. The physiological significance of the presence of such large amounts of vesicle-crowned rodlets and of the secretory process characterized by the formation of granular vesicles is discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Pineal Gland/ultrastructure*

Fulltext Masking of central diabetes insipidus and hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism by germ cell tumour in suprasellar--pineal region

Isa SH, Wong M, Khalid BA

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Dec;61(5):630-2.

PMID: 17623967

A patient with beta hCG-secreting germ cell carcinoma of the pineal and suprasellar regions presented with hydrocephalus, Parinaud's syndrome, hypopituitarism and polyuria. Central diabetes insipidus was strongly suspected although the water deprivation test was not diagnostic. The polyuria however, responded to ADH analogue when the hypothyroidism and hypocortisolism were treated. Pubertal development was evident and serum testosterone was normal despite the low FSH/LH, suggesting hCG stimulation of Leydig cells. This case illustrates that a beta hCG-germ cell tumour of the suprasellar region causing hypopituitarism can mask the presence of central diabetes insipidus and hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism.

Matched MeSH terms: Pineal Gland/pathology

Melatonin receptors: distribution in mammalian brain and their respective putative functions

Ng KY, Leong MK, Liang H, Paxinos G

Brain Struct Funct, 2017 Sep;222(7):2921-2939.

PMID: 28478550 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-017-1439-6

Melatonin, through its different receptors, has pleiotropic functions in mammalian brain. Melatonin is secreted mainly by the pineal gland and exerts its effects via receptor-mediated and non-receptor-mediated actions. With recent advancement in neuroanatomical mapping, we may now understand better the localizations of the two G protein-coupled melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2. The abundance of these melatonin receptors in respective brain regions suggests that receptor-mediated actions of melatonin might play crucial roles in the functions of central nervous system. Hence, this review aims to summarize the distribution of melatonin receptors in the brain and to discuss the putative functions of melatonin in the retina, cerebral cortex, reticular thalamic nucleus, habenula, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, periaqueductal gray, dorsal raphe nucleus, midbrain and cerebellum. Studies on melatonin receptors in the brain are important because cumulative evidence has pointed out that melatonin receptors not only play important physiological roles in sleep, anxiety, pain and circadian rhythm, but might also be involved in the pathogenesis of a number of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Pineal Gland

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