Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 47 in total

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  1. Caracelli I, Zukerman-Schpector J, Moran PJ, de Paula BR, Tiekink ER
    Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun, 2015 Apr 1;71(Pt 4):o222-3.
    PMID: 26029424 DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015003084
    Two independent mol-ecules (A and B) comprise the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C21H18O4. There are significant conformational differences between the mol-ecules relating in particular to the relative orientation of the 3-oxo-2-(phenyl-methyl-idene)but-oxy substituent with respect to the superimposable chromen-2-one residues. To a first approximation, the substituents are mirror images; both are approximately perpendicular to the chromen-2-one fused ring system with dihedral angles of 88.50 (7) (A) and 81.96 (7)° (B). Another difference between the independent mol-ecules is noted in the dihedral angles between the adjacent phenyl and but-3-en-2-one groups of 8.72 (12) (A) and 27.70 (10)° (B). The conformation about the ethene bond in both mol-ecules is E. The crystal packing features C-H⋯O, C-H⋯π(ar-yl) and π-π [Cg⋯Cg = 3.6657 (8) and 3.7778 (8) Å] stacking inter-actions, which generate a three-dimensional network.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  2. Lalegani Dezaki M, Mohd Ariffin MKA, Ismail MIS
    Materials (Basel), 2020 Jun 08;13(11).
    PMID: 32521663 DOI: 10.3390/ma13112608
    Fused deposition modelling (FDM) opens new ways across the industries and helps to produce complex products, yielding a prototype or finished product. However, it should be noted that the final products need high surface quality due to their better mechanical properties. The main purpose of this research was to determine the influence of computer numerical control (CNC) machining on the surface quality and identify the average surface roughness (Ra) and average peak to valley height (Rz) when the specimens were printed and machined in various build orientations. In this study, the study samples were printed and machined to investigate the effects of machining on FDM products and generate a surface comparison between the two processes. In particular, the block and complex specimens were printed in different build orientations, whereby other parameters were kept constant to understand the effects of orientation on surface smoothness. As a result, wide-ranging values of Ra and Rz were found in both processes for each profile due to their different features. The Ra values for the block samples, printed samples, and machined samples were 21, 91, and 52, respectively, whereas the Rz values were identical to Ra values in all samples. These results indicated that the horizontal surface roughness yielded the best quality compared to the perpendicular and vertical specimens. Moreover, machining was found to show a great influence on thermoplastics in which the surfaces became smooth in the machined samples. In brief, this research showed that build orientation had a great effect on the surface texture for both processes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  3. Makmud MZH, Illias HA, Chee CY, Dabbak SZA
    Materials (Basel), 2019 Mar 11;12(5).
    PMID: 30861988 DOI: 10.3390/ma12050816
    This study provides a thorough investigation of partial discharge (PD) activities in nanofluid insulation material consisting of different types of nanoparticles, which are conductive and semiconductive when subjected to high voltage stress is presented. Nanofluids have become a topic of interest because they can be an alternative to liquid insulation in electrical apparatus due to their promising dielectric strength and cooling ability. However, during in-service operation, PDs can occur between conductors in the insulation system. Therefore, this study presents the behavior of PDs within nanofluid dielectric materials consisting of conductive and semiconductive nanoparticles. The results show that there is an improvement in the PD resistance and a reduction in the tan delta of nanofluids at power frequency after the incorporation of conductive or semiconductive nanoparticles in the nanofluid oil. However, the most suitable concentration of conductive and semiconductive nanoparticles in the base fluid was found to be, respectively, 0.01 g/L and 1.0 g/L at PD inception and PD steady-state conditions. The clustering of nanoparticles in a nanofluid suspension due to PD activities is also discussed in this study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  4. Gopir G, Anas MM
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:297-303.
    Beberapa siri pengiraan ab-initio telah dijalankan bagi meneliti perubahan bentuk struktur dan ciri elektronik noktah kuantum silikon berdasarkan kesan pempasifan bahan bukan organik, hidroksil (OH) dan bahan organik, metil (CH3). Hasil pengoptimuman geometri menunjukkan bahawa noktah kuantum yang dipasifkan secara tepu dengan bahan organik dan bukan organik perlu menjalani proses penstrukturan semula keadaan permukaan bagi membolehkan pempasifan permukaan tepu dijalankan tanpa meninggalkan sebarang ikatan terjuntai. Kajian juga mendapati bahawa panjang ikatan meningkat pada ikatan silikon-hidroksil pada permukaan noktah kuantum. Manakala, herotan diperhatikan semasa proses pengenduran dinamik di bahagian teras noktah kuantum. Bagi pempasif metil pula, peningkatan ikatan silikon-metil pada permukaan meningkat lebih ketara, sementara pembentukan geometri tetrahedral pada bahagian teras dikekalkan. Hal ini menyumbang kepada kesan pengurungan elektron yang lebih jelas. Ringkasnya, kedua-dua jenis pempasif memberikan kesan perubahan penting pada ciri elektronik dalam tiga perspektif. Pertama, terdapat pengurangan nilai jurang tenaga apabila bahan pempasif yang digunakan mempunyai darjah kebebasan pergerakan yang sangat dinamik menyebabkan pengherotan pada bahagian teras. Kedua, walaupun kehadiran kedua-dua pempasif mempengaruhi nilai jurang tenaga, namun ia tetap menunjukkan sifat elektronik tenaga jurang-langsung. Ketiga, kewujudan jurang tenaga kecil juga diperhatikan agak ketara dalam jalur tenaga bagi noktah kuantum bersaiz kecil, dengan kesan kehadirannya boleh menyebabkan pengurangan hasil kuantum semasa proses eksiton berlaku.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  5. Teng YT, Lye HO
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:145-150.
    Polarization in antiferroelectric liquid crystals has two origins: The piezoelectric polarization which is of chiral origin and the flexoelectric polarization which originates in different orientation of tilts in neighboring layers. The flexoelectric polarization is perpendicular to the tilt direction only if the structure is uniformly helicoidally modulated. In structures like SmC*F11andSmC;12 the flexoelectric contribution might be significant and it can be non-parallel to the piezoelectric component. Hence it may deviates the direction of polarization from the perpendicular direction significantly. The angle formed by the polarization and the tilt is therefore general and as such the basic characteristic of the SmCG* phase can be recognized. It seems that this aspect was completely overlooked in the past. In this contribution we analyze the dependence of the polarization direction on the phase structures and on the values of piezoelectric and flexoelectric coefficients in the discrete phenomenological model.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  6. Halim I, Arep H, Kamat SR, Abdullah R, Omar AR, Ismail AR
    Saf Health Work, 2014 Jun;5(2):97-105.
    PMID: 25180141 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2014.04.002
    BACKGROUND: Prolonged standing has been hypothesized as a vital contributor to discomfort and muscle fatigue in the workplace. The objective of this study was to develop a decision support system that could provide systematic analysis and solutions to minimize the discomfort and muscle fatigue associated with prolonged standing.

    METHODS: The integration of object-oriented programming and a Model Oriented Simultaneous Engineering System were used to design the architecture of the decision support system.

    RESULTS: Validation of the decision support system was carried out in two manufacturing companies. The validation process showed that the decision support system produced reliable results.

    CONCLUSION: The decision support system is a reliable advisory tool for providing analysis and solutions to problems related to the discomfort and muscle fatigue associated with prolonged standing. Further testing of the decision support system is suggested before it is used commercially.

    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  7. Mohammad Haniff MA, Lee HW, Bien DC, Teh AS, Azid IA
    Nanoscale Res Lett, 2014;9(1):49.
    PMID: 24472487 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276X-9-49
    This paper presents a functionalized, horizontally oriented carbon nanotube network as a sensing element to enhance the sensitivity of a pressure sensor. The synthesis of horizontally oriented nanotubes from the AuFe catalyst and their deposition onto a mechanically flexible substrate via transfer printing are studied. Nanotube formation on thermally oxidized Si (100) substrates via plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition controls the nanotube coverage and orientation on the flexible substrate. These nanotubes can be simply transferred to the flexible substrate without changing their physical structure. When tested under a pressure range of 0 to 50 kPa, the performance of the fabricated pressure sensor reaches as high as approximately 1.68%/kPa, which indicates high sensitivity to a small change of pressure. Such sensitivity may be induced by the slight contact in isolated nanotubes. This nanotube formation, in turn, enhances the modification of the contact and tunneling distance of the nanotubes upon the deformation of the network. Therefore, the horizontally oriented carbon nanotube network has great potential as a sensing element for future transparent sensors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  8. Razak IA, Usman A, Fun HK, Yamin BM, Keat GW
    Acta Crystallogr C, 2002 Jan;58(Pt 1):m31-3.
    PMID: 11781464
    In the title compound, [Zn(CH3COO)2(C4H8N2S)2]*H2O, the Zn atom is tetrahedrally coordinated in the ZnO2S2 form. N-H...O and O-H...O intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonds are formed by the four N atoms and the water molecule. N-H...O intermolecular hydrogen bonds and C-H...S and C-H...O intermolecular interactions interconnect columns formed by the molecules into layers. Adjacent layers are then linked by other N-H...O and O-H...O intermolecular hydrogen bonds to form a three-dimensional framework throughout the structure. The orientations of the acetate planes are such that the Zn atom lies within them.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  9. Shanmuga Sundara Raj S, Yamin BM, Boshaala AM, Tarafder MT, Crouse KA, Fun HK
    Acta Crystallogr C, 2000 Aug;56 (Pt 8):1011-2.
    PMID: 10944308
    In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(14)H(12)N(2)O(2), the molecule lies about a twofold axis; two carbonyl groups and the H atoms of the N-N bond are in a trans orientation with respect to each other. In the crystal, each molecule is linked to the other and vice versa by intermolecular N-H.O hydrogen bonds between the amide hydrogen and the O atoms of neighbouring molecules to form two ten-membered rings, each of which has the graph-set motif C4R(2)(2)(10). This extends as a polymeric chain along the c axis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  10. Jusoh, M.Z.M., Nur Ain, A.R, Muhammad Wafi Md Nor
    ESTEEM Academic Journal, 2020;16(2):65-74.
    MyJurnal
    A computational fluid dynamic analysis (CFD) is presented in the study of low Reynolds number fluid flow moving past bluff bodies. The study is focusing on the understanding of the effects of the apex-angles orientation on the flow structure and related occurring force. The apex-angle both facing upstream and downstream were computationally investigated. The simulation results of the cylinder solid are compared with available experimental data to justify the results and the model used. Results obtained in the present work were Strouhal number, drag coefficient, and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The study had found that the value of the drag force is increasing directly proportional to the apex angle. In contrast, the value of Strouhal number inversely proportional to the increasing of the apex angle. This was due to the flow over a cylinder creating a vortex shedding in the wake region which influenced the flow separation of fluid. Through the changing on orientation of the apex angle, it was also found that the characteristic linear dimension of the geometry will also be changed, thus affecting the flow pattern.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  11. Salam MA, Hussein MA, Tiekink ER
    Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun, 2015 Jan 1;71(Pt 1):58-61.
    PMID: 25705451 DOI: 10.1107/S2056989014026498
    The title compound, C9H11N3O2S, is a second monoclinic (P21/c) polymorph of the previously reported Cc form [Tan et al. (2008b ▶). Acta Cryst. E64, o2224]. The mol-ecule is non-planar, with the dihedral angle between the N3CS residue (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0816 Å) and the benzene ring being 21.36 (4)°. The conformation about the C=N bond [1.292 (2) Å] is E, the two N-bound H atoms are anti, and the inner hy-droxy O-bound and outer amide N-bound H atoms form intra-molecular hydrogen bonds to the imine N atom. Crucially, the H atom of the outer hy-droxy group is approximately syn to the H atom of the benzene C atom connecting the two C atoms bearing the hy-droxy substituents. This arrangement enables the formation of supra-molecular tubes aligned along [010] and sustained by N-H⋯O, O-H⋯S and N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds; the tubes pack with no specific inter-actions between them. While the mol-ecular structure in the Cc form is comparable, the H atom of the outer hy-droxy group is approximately anti, rather than syn. This different orientation leads to the formation a three-dimensional architecture based on N-H⋯O and O-H⋯S hydrogen bonds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  12. Tan YF, Break MK, Tahir MI, Khoo TJ
    Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun, 2015 Feb 1;71(Pt 2):238-40.
    PMID: 25878829 DOI: 10.1107/S205698901500095X
    The title compound, C17H18N2O2S2, synthesized via a condensation reaction between S-benzyl di-thio-carbazate and 3,4-di-meth-oxy-benzaldehyde, crystallized with two independent mol-ecules (A and B) in the asymmetric unit. Both mol-ecules have an L-shape but differ in the orientation of the benzyl ring with respect to the 3,4-di-meth-oxy-benzyl-idine ring, this dihedral angle is 65.59 (8)° in mol-ecule A and 73.10 (8)° in mol-ecule B. In the crystal, the A and B mol-ecules are linked via pairs of N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming dimers with an R 2 (2)(8) ring motif. The dimers are linked via pairs of C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, giving inversion dimers of dimers. These units are linked by C-H⋯π inter-actions, forming ribbons propagating in the [100] direction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  13. Ahmad Aminu Daneji, Kamran Shavarebi, Jeffrey Boon Hui Yap
    MyJurnal
    The firm’s involvement in innovation became a necessary attribute for firms to remain competitive and successful. However, innovation is still considered a hallmark of large firms only. The literature on SME's involvement in innovation is scant and needs further exploration regarding the innovation process in the SME firms. This paper aims to hint the gap of knowledge related to the association between the owner-manager characteristics and innovation orientation at the SMEs. A review of relevant literature was exhausted for the achievement of the study objective. The findings of the study highlight that to fully explore the innovation process at the SME level, there is a need to divide the innovation concept into innovation creation and innovation adoption as two discrete concepts effected by the owner-manager personal characteristics. Literature hints at these two conceptualizations of the innovation among SMEs, but empirical examination is non-existence. Therefore, this work recommends future research endeavors to empirically examining the direction and strength of the relationship between owner-manager characteristics and SME's innovation performance in terms of creation and adoption. Moreover, literature and policy direction can be drawn from the respective research activities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  14. Ng, L.F., Sivakumar, D., Zakaria, K.A., Sivaraos, Bapokutty, O.
    MyJurnal
    Efforts to reduce manufacturing cost and negative environmental impacts have seen the mixture of natural fibre with synthetic fibre in composite structures. However, there are limited studies on the notch effect and fibre orientation on mechanical properties of hybrid fibre metal laminate (FML). In this study, tensile properties of FML with notch and different fibre orientation were investigated. The hybrid FML incorporated with kenaf fibre at the middle layer was compared with FML with three layers of E-glass fibre. Kenaf fibre and E-glass fibre used were in plain woven form. The FML in 2/1 configuration was manufactured through hot press manufacturing method to bond layers of annealed aluminium 5052 to the composite. Tensile test was conducted in a quasi-static manner according to ASTM E8. The results showed FML with three layers of glass fibre exhibited higher tensile strength compared with hybrid FML. However, the introduction of kenaf fibre in hybrid FML reduces the notch and fibre orientation sensitivity compared with glass fibre reinforced FML.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  15. Muhammad Aizuddin Ahmad, Kamaruddin, N.K., Muhamad Kamal Mohammed Amin
    MyJurnal
    Computer vision is applied in many software and devices. The detection and
    reconstruction of the human skeletal structure is one of area of interest, where the
    camera will identify the human parts and construct the joints of the person standing in
    front. Three-dimensional pose estimation is solved using various learning approaches,
    such as Support Vector Machines and Gaussian processes. However, difficulties in
    cluttered scenarios are encountered, and require additional input data, such as
    silhouettes, or controlled camera settings. The paper focused on estimating the threedimensional
    pose of a person without requiring background information, which is
    robust to camera variations. Each of the joint has three-dimensional space position and
    matrix orientation with respect to the sensor. Matlab Simulink was utilized to provide
    communication tools with depth camera using Kinect device for skeletal detection.
    Results on the skeletal detection using Kinect sensor is analysed in measuring the
    abilities to detect skeletal structure accurately, and it is shown that the system is able
    to detect human skeletal performing non-complex basic motions in daily life.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  16. Cosmas Julius Abah, Wong, Jane Kong Ling, Anantha Raman Govindasamy
    MyJurnal
    Dictionary production is one of the most effective methods of preserving languages and cultures. The
    Dusunic Family of Languages (DFL) in Sabah, Malaysia would have welcomed the efforts to
    document their languages through dictionary production as there are still lacking of dictionary,
    vocabulary and phrase books. Furthermore, more than half of the languages in DFL are unwritten.
    However, making dictionary conventionally is tedious and time consuming. The Dusunic Family of
    Languages which are facing extinction threats do not have the luxury of time to wait for dictionary
    production via the conventional method. Hence, this study explores the use of a method called Root-
    Oriented Words Generation (ROWG) which is formulated based on spelling orthography of DFL to
    generate one and two-syllable words list. From the words list, root words registers were compiled
    which can then be used as database for dictionary production. Findings of this study showed that
    ROWG was able to generate an exhaustive word lists of DFL and compile a large volume of root
    words register in DFL. Hence, this study was able to highlight the feasibility and viability of using
    ROWG to produce root words register of DFL which could possibly reduce the time for dictionary
    production significantly. In future studies, it is recommended that the ROWG is extended to include
    more than two syllable words. This study showed the potentiality of ROWG to address the looming
    demise of DFL by providing a more efficient way of compiling root words for the purpose of making a
    dictionary.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  17. Osintsev D, Sverdlov V, Makarov A, Selberherr S
    Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42:205-211.
    Spin field-effect transistors (SpinFETs) are promising candidates for future integrated microelectronic circuits. A SpinFET is composed of two ferromagnetic contacts (source and drain), which sandwich a semiconductor channel. Current modulation is achieved by electrically tuning the gate voltage dependent strength of the spin-orbit interaction in the semiconductor region. We investigated the properties of SpinFETs for various parameters - the band mismatch, the barrier height between the contacts and the channel and the strength of the spin-orbit coupling, for various temperatures. We demonstrated that the creation of Schottky barriers between the channel and the contacts guarantees a pronounced modulation of the magnetoresistance sufficient to open a possibility to operate SpinFETs at room temperature. We also demonstrated that silicon fins with [100] orientation exhibit a stronger dependence on the value of the spin-orbit interaction and are thus preferable for practical realization of silicon-based SpinFETs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  18. Ahmad Nadzri SNZ, Hameed Sultan MT, Md Shah AU, Safri SNA, Basri AA
    Polymers (Basel), 2020 Jun 04;12(6).
    PMID: 32512701 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061285
    Environmental awareness and trends to develop sustainable resources have directed much research attention towards kenaf fibre as an alternative reinforcement in composite manufacturing. Numerous studies have been conducted on kenaf and its hybrid composites. Most studies were conducted on kenaf/glass hybrid composites compared to other kenaf/synthetic hybrid composites. Similar with other materials, mechanical properties were the fundamental knowledge identified by the researcher. Limited studies conducted on other properties have restricted the use of kenaf composites to non-structural applications. To extend the potential of kenaf composites to automotive exterior or other critical applications, studies on impact properties can be a valuable contribution in the material field. This review discusses the mechanical and low velocity impact properties of kenaf/glass hybrid composites reported previously. Percentage loading of fibre, the angle of orientation in woven fibres and the chemical treatment applied to the fibre before compounding are the three major parameters that affect the mechanical and impact properties of the composites. This review provides insights into the mechanical and impact properties of kenaf/glass hybrid composites for future research.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  19. Abidin MSZ, Morshed T, Chikita H, Kinoshita Y, Muta S, Anisuzzaman M, et al.
    Materials (Basel), 2014 Feb 24;7(2):1409-1421.
    PMID: 28788521 DOI: 10.3390/ma7021409
    The effects of annealing temperatures on composition and strain in Si
    x
    Ge1-x, obtained by rapid melting growth of electrodeposited Ge on Si (100) substrate were investigated. Here, a rapid melting process was performed at temperatures of 1000, 1050 and 1100 °C for 1 s. All annealed samples show single crystalline structure in (100) orientation. A significant appearance of Si-Ge vibration mode peak at ~400 cm-1 confirms the existence of Si-Ge intermixing due to out-diffusion of Si into Ge region. On a rapid melting process, Ge melts and reaches the thermal equilibrium in short time. Si at Ge/Si interface begins to dissolve once in contact with the molten Ge to produce Si-Ge intermixing. The Si fraction in Si-Ge intermixing was calculated by taking into account the intensity ratio of Ge-Ge and Si-Ge vibration mode peaks and was found to increase with the annealing temperatures. It is found that the strain turns from tensile to compressive as the annealing temperature increases. The Si fraction dependent thermal expansion coefficient of Si
    x
    Ge1-x is a possible cause to generate such strain behavior. The understanding of compositional and strain characteristics is important in Ge/Si heterostructure as these properties seem to give significant effects in device performance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
  20. Ghouri AM, Kin TM, Yunus NKBY, Akhtar P
    Data Brief, 2019 Aug;25:104131.
    PMID: 31440536 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104131
    This study intended to validate customer inspiration (CI)in Malaysian/developing country context. Data were collected from two different respondents for two studies - from Millennial customers of the auto industry and Generation Z customers of the smartphone industry. The survey conducted through a standardized and structured questionnaire. The variables of the both studies were customer-defined market orientation (MO) (customer orientation, competitor orientation, and interfunctional coordination), CI (inspired-by and inspired-to), and customer loyalty (CL). This research strategy, in terms of quantity, is descriptive and correlational. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out, using ADANCO 2.0. The finding of the study suggests all results of data 1 and data 2 were significant, and CI mediates the sub-constructs of MO with CL.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orientation, Spatial
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