MyMedR

Fulltext Malaysian postgraduate training in psychiatry – are our trainees having consistent problem in basic science?

Rosdinom Razali, Hatta Sidi

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2009;10(1):89-94.

MyJurnal

This is a model answer of Critical Review paper for Malaysian postgraduate examination in psychiatry. This model answer was used for marking the review paper for Master of Medicine (Psychiatry) and Master of Psychological Medicine, May 2009.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders

Some factors in the etiology of insanity

Gibbs AT

Malaya Medical Journal, 1912;10:10-2.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders

Neurotic children and their management

Williams TA

Malayan Medical Journal, 1937;12:143-6.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders

Psychotropic medication in depression

Woon TH

Family Practitioner, 1973;1(1):13-16.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders

"Running amuck"

Lancet, 1893;142:148-9.

DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)47130-3

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders

The recognition of emotional illness in general practice

Chancellor A

Family Practitioner, 1977;2:88-90.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders

Rehabilitation--its role in psychiatry

Deva MP

Med J Malaysia, 1977 Dec;32(2):183-5.

PMID: 614490

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/rehabilitation*

Fulltext Stigma of mental illness and cultural factors in Pacific Rim region: a systematic review

Ran MS, Hall BJ, Su TT, Prawira B, Breth-Petersen M, Li XH, et al.

BMC Psychiatry, 2021 01 07;21(1):8.

PMID: 33413195 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02991-5

BACKGROUND: Although cultural factors play a crucial role in experience of stigma, there is scant review on the impact and importance of culture on stigma of mental illness across Pacific Rim Region. This study aims to investigate: 1) the cultural factors related to stigmatizing beliefs about mental illness in Pacific Rim region, and 2) culture-specific measures and interventions on stigma of mental illness.

METHODS: A systematic search of papers was conducted in the MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Google scholar through January 2003 to April 2019.

RESULTS: Forty-one studies in Pacific Rim region which met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The rate of stigma of mental illness (e.g., public stigma: from 25.4 to 85.2%) was relatively high in Pacific Rim region. Culture factors (e.g., Collectivism, Confucianism, face concern and familism, religion and supernatural beliefs) contributed to people's stigmatizing behaviors and attitudes toward persons with mental illness, their relatives and mental health professionals. Certain measurements were developed and employed to assess different type of cultural factors related to stigma of mental illness.

CONCLUSIONS: Cultural factors play an important role in influencing the rate and performance of stigma of mental illness. Further research on stigma of mental illness and culture-specific interventions to reduce the stigma should be conducted in the Pacific Rim region.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders*

Land-Dayak concept of mental illness

Nissom MP, Schmidt KE

Med J Malaya, 1967 Jun;21(4):352-7.

PMID: 4230503

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders*

Pharmacotherapy in psychotic disorders

SUBRAMANIAM M

Med J Malaya, 1962 Sep;17:25-36.

PMID: 13979040

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders*

Fulltext Long COVID or post-COVID-19 syndrome: putative pathophysiology, risk factors, and treatments

Yong SJ

Infect Dis (Lond), 2021 Oct;53(10):737-754.

PMID: 34024217 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2021.1924397

Long COVID or post-COVID-19 syndrome first gained widespread recognition among social support groups and later in scientific and medical communities. This illness is poorly understood as it affects COVID-19 survivors at all levels of disease severity, even younger adults, children, and those not hospitalized. While the precise definition of long COVID may be lacking, the most common symptoms reported in many studies are fatigue and dyspnoea that last for months after acute COVID-19. Other persistent symptoms may include cognitive and mental impairments, chest and joint pains, palpitations, myalgia, smell and taste dysfunctions, cough, headache, and gastrointestinal and cardiac issues. Presently, there is limited literature discussing the possible pathophysiology, risk factors, and treatments in long COVID, which the current review aims to address. In brief, long COVID may be driven by long-term tissue damage (e.g. lung, brain, and heart) and pathological inflammation (e.g. from viral persistence, immune dysregulation, and autoimmunity). The associated risk factors may include female sex, more than five early symptoms, early dyspnoea, prior psychiatric disorders, and specific biomarkers (e.g. D-dimer, CRP, and lymphocyte count), although more research is required to substantiate such risk factors. While preliminary evidence suggests that personalized rehabilitation training may help certain long COVID cases, therapeutic drugs repurposed from other similar conditions, such as myalgic encephalomyelitis or chronic fatigue syndrome, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, and mast cell activation syndrome, also hold potential. In sum, this review hopes to provide the current understanding of what is known about long COVID.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders*

Emergence of Artificial Intelligence Art Therapies (AIATs) in Mental Health Care: A Systematic Review

Luo X, Zhang A, Li Y, Zhang Z, Ying F, Lin R, et al.

Int J Ment Health Nurs, 2024 Dec;33(6):1743-1760.

PMID: 39020473 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13384

The application of artificial intelligence art therapies (AIATs) in mental health care represents an innovative merger between digital technology and the therapeutic potential of creative arts. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness and ethical considerations of AIATs, incorporating robots, AI painting and AI Chatbots to augment traditional art therapies. Aligning with the Preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews (PRISMA) guidelines, we meticulously searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and CNKI, resulting in 15 selected articles for detailed analysis. To ensure methodological quality, we applied the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) criteria for quality assessment and extracted data using the PICO(S) format, specifically targeting randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Our findings suggest that AIATs can profoundly enhance the therapeutic experience by providing new creative outlets and reinforcing existing methods, despite possible drawbacks and ethical challenges. This examination underscores AIATs' potential to enrich mental health therapies, emphasising the critical importance of ethical considerations and the responsible application of AI as the field evolves. With a focus on expanding treatment efficacy and patient expressiveness, the promise of AIATs in mental health care necessitates a careful balance between innovation and ethical responsibility. Trial Registration: PROSPERO: CRD42024504472.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy

Perspectives in Malaysian psychiatry

Maniam T, Sidi H, Razali R

Asia Pac Psychiatry, 2013 Apr;5 Suppl 1:2-3.

PMID: 23857829 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12035

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/epidemiology; Mental Disorders/therapy

Fulltext Intersections in Neuropsychiatric and Metabolic Disorders: Possible Role of TRPA1 Channels

Sodhi RK, Singh R, Bansal Y, Bishnoi M, Parhar I, Kuhad A, et al.

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 2021;12:771575.

PMID: 34912298 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.771575

Neuropsychiatric disorders (NPDs) are a huge burden to the patient, their family, and society. NPDs have been greatly associated with cardio-metabolic comorbidities such as obesity, type-2 diabetes mellitus, dysglycaemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and other cardiovascular disorders. Antipsychotics, which are frontline drugs in the treatment of schizophrenia and off-label use in other NPDs, also add to this burden by causing severe metabolic perturbations. Despite decades of research, the mechanism deciphering the link between neuropsychiatric and metabolic disorders is still unclear. In recent years, transient receptor potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for modulators. TRPA1 agonists/antagonists have shown efficacy in both neuropsychiatric disorders and appetite regulation and thus provide a crucial link between both. TRPA1 channels are activated by compounds such as cinnamaldehyde, allyl isothiocyanate, allicin and methyl syringate, which are present naturally in food items such as cinnamon, wasabi, mustard, garlic, etc. As these are present in many daily food items, it could also improve patient compliance and reduce the patients' monetary burden. In this review, we have tried to present evidence of the possible involvement of TRPA1 channels in neuropsychiatric and metabolic disorders and a possible hint towards using TRPA1 modulators to target appetite, lipid metabolism, glucose and insulin homeostasis and inflammation associated with NPDs.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/complications; Mental Disorders/metabolism*

Fulltext Mental health services for refugees in Malaysia during the COVID-19 pandemic

Tay AK, Balasundaram S

Lancet Psychiatry, 2021 Feb;8(2):e7.

PMID: 33485426 DOI: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30525-3

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/epidemiology; Mental Disorders/therapy*

Psychiatric disorders in the elderly

Deva MP

Family Practitioner, 1988;11:22-24.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders

Screening for depression

Wong YC

Family Practitioner, 1981;4<I> </I>:27-30.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders

Fulltext MR Volumetry of Hippocampus in Normal Adult Malay of Age 50 Years Old and Above

Embong MF, Yaacob R, Abdullah MS, Abdul Karim AH, Ghazali AK, Jalaluddin WM

Malays J Med Sci, 2013 Jul;20(4):25-31.

PMID: 24043993 MyJurnal

Hippocampal volume is affected by several psychiatric illnesses of old age, as well as by normal aging. It is important to have a normal data in a population to assist in diagnosis. The aim of this study is to determine hippocampal volume in normal Malay people aged 50 years old and older.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders

Fulltext The use of electroconvulsive therapy in the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur--a study of 31 patients

Lai ALP, Ooi ST, Yong BH, Koh L

Med J Malaysia, 1983 Jun;38(2):145-9.

PMID: 6621445

Thirty-one (31) patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) over a three-week period in October 1982 in the Psychiatric Unit, University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, were studied. The main indications for ECT in these patients were poor response to drug therapy, depression with suicidal ideation, and aggression, which together accounted for 87 percent of all patients started on ECT during this period. The majority of patients (86 percent) showed some improvement, and 73 percent improved by the third ECT. The most common side-effects experienced by patients were memory disturbance (45 percent) and post ECT headache (45 percent). No serious side-effects were encountered.

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/therapy*

Amok in nineteenth-century British Malaya history

Kua EH

Hist Psychiatry, 1991 Dec;2(8):429-36.

PMID: 11612605

Matched MeSH terms: Mental Disorders/history*

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