MyMedR

Subramaniam S, Abdullah AHR, Hairuzah I

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Aug;60(3):386-8.

Primary histoplasmosis of the larynx is not a common disease. Most cases of laryngeal histoplasmosis results from hematogenous spread of disseminated histoplasmosis usually originating from pulmonary infection by Histoplasma capsulatum. We report a 52-year-old male chronic smoker who had prolonged hoarseness and was initially diagnosed with laryngeal carcinoma. However, biopsy of the laryngeal mucosa confirmed the diagnosis of histoplasmosis. There were no signs of pulmonary or systemic involvement. Treatment with intravenous amphotericin B was given for a week and oral ketaconazole was given for a month with complete resolution of symptoms.

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases/microbiology*; Laryngeal Diseases/pathology*

Fulltext Clinical study of laryngeal cysts

Singh AP, Prasad U

Med J Malaysia, 1982 Sep;37(3):223-6.

PMID: 7177003

This paper describes eight cases of successfully treated laryngeal cysts in different age groups with varying presentation problems.

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases/surgery*

Granuloma of the larynx following intubation

Hong CY, Khanna DK

Med J Malaysia, 1976 Jun;30(4):319-20.

PMID: 979737

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases/etiology*

Laryngeal oedema following endotracheal anesthesia

LOMAZ J

Med J Malaya, 1954 Dec;9(2):169-71.

PMID: 14355280

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases*

Race-day performance of horses with epiglottic entrapment, and following surgical correction using intra-oral curved bistoury hook in anaesthetised horses

Shaw DJ, Rosanowski SM

Vet J, 2019 Aug;250:24-27.

PMID: 31383416 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.05.015

Epiglottic entrapment is a condition in racing horses, associated with abnormal respiratory noises and exercise intolerance. Epiglottic entrapment has been linked to both poor and superior athletic performance, leading to concerns regarding whether surgery is indicated, and whether surgical correction may have a deleterious effect on future race performance. The objective of the current study was to assess the race-day performance of horses racing with epiglottic entrapment and the effect of surgical correction on performance outcomes using an intra-oral technique in anaesthetised horses. A case-control study was conducted at the Singapore Turf Club from 2008 to 2011. Controls were selected 1:1 to cases, based on Malaysian Racing Authority number. The performance of horses racing with epiglottic entrapment was recorded and post-surgery race performance was described. Further, post-surgery race performance was compared between cases and with non-case controls. Twenty horses raced with epiglottic entrapment were retrospectively enrolled. There was a significant difference in racing performance in case horses racing with and without epiglottic entrapment (P

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases/physiopathology; Laryngeal Diseases/surgery; Laryngeal Diseases/veterinary*

A case of human Sarcocystis infection in west Malaysia

Kutty MK, Dissanaike AS

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1975;69(5-6):503-4.

PMID: 820020

The first case of Sarcocystis infection is reported from West Malaysia. A cyst was seen as an incidental finding in a biopsy specimen from the larynx of the patient. The cyst and the cystozoites were of the small size with no evidence of cytophaneres or compartments.

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases/microbiology

A bizarre case of accessory larynx in an infant with OEIS syndrome

Wong TL, Baki MM, Ishak S, See GB

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol, 2018 Nov;114:134-137.

PMID: 30262351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.08.037

We report a bizarre case of accessory larynx in an infant with OEIS syndrome (omphalocele, cloacal exstrophy, imperforated anus & spinal defects). This is the first reported case in literature of a duplicate accessory larynx which is a mirror image of the true larynx. A congenital duplication of the larynx is a rare anomaly and can present in various forms. In this case, the infant presented with recurrent lung infection and inability to wean off oxygen. Scope revealed severe laryngomalacia in addition to the accessory larynx. Hence, supraglottoplasty was done with aim to resolve the lung and airway problem.

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases/complications; Laryngeal Diseases/diagnosis*; Laryngeal Diseases/surgery

Fulltext A case of isolated laryngeal candidiasis mimicking laryngeal carcinoma in an immunocompetent individual

Nair AB, Chaturvedi J, Venkatasubbareddy MB, Correa M, Rajan N, Sawkar A

Malays J Med Sci, 2011 Jul;18(3):75-8.

PMID: 22135605

Respiratory fungal infections are usually found in immunocompromised individuals who have received either long-term steroid therapy or broad-spectrum anti-microbial therapy or have a non-resolving underlying chronic disease. These infections are seen as a part of bronchopulmonary fungal infections, and their isolated and primary occurrence as laryngeal diseases is highly uncommon. Laryngeal fungal infections can also mimic various diseases, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, granulomatous diseases, leukoplakia, and carcinoma, thereby misleading the treating team from correct diagnosis and management. It is therefore important to identify the lesion at the earliest point possible to avoid morbid or life-threatening consequences. We report a case of isolated laryngeal candidiasis in an immunocompetent Indian male with an unusual presentation mimicking laryngeal carcinoma. The clinical and histological features are highlighted with a review of relevant literature to demonstrate the possibility of such an isolated fungal lesion, even in an immunocompetent individual.

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases

Vocal fold sulcus

Lee ST, Niimi S

J Laryngol Otol, 1990 Nov;104(11):876-8.

PMID: 2266311

Vocal fold sulcus is a cause of dysphonia which has not been recognized until recently. Awareness of its existence combined with use of laryngostroboscopy would enhance the management of this group of patients. Five such cases were treated initially by voice therapy and subsequently combined with microlaryngeal Teflon injections of the vocal cord. Representative photomicrographs and the end results of treatment are presented. A good voice, subjectively and objectively, was obtained in three patients, with satisfactory improvement in the other two.

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases/pathology; Laryngeal Diseases/therapy*

Fulltext Congenital vallecular cyst with polydactyly - A rare cause of stridor and failure to thrive

Khode SR, Gosrani N, Golhar S, Vedi J

Med J Malaysia, 2014 Apr;69(2):101-2.

PMID: 25241823

Congenital vallecular cyst is an uncommon, benign but potentially dangerous condition causing respiratory distress and stridor. It is associated with sudden upper airway obstruction resulting in death due to its anatomical location in neonates and infants. We reported a rare case of 2 months old male infant presented with respiratory obstruction with failure to thrive with polydactyly (rarest finding) and managed timely with appropriate surgical marsupialization.

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases

Fulltext Novel role of focused airway ultrasound in early airway assessment of suspected laryngeal trauma

Adi O, Sum KM, Ahmad AH, Wahab MA, Neri L, Panebianco N

Ultrasound J, 2020 Aug 12;12(1):37.

PMID: 32783133 DOI: 10.1186/s13089-020-00186-3

BACKGROUND: Upper airway injury secondary to blunt neck trauma can lead to upper airway obstruction and potentially cause a life-threatening condition. The most important aspect in the care of laryngeal trauma is to establish a secure airway. Focused airway ultrasound enables recognition of important upper airway structures, offers early opportunity to identify life-threatening upper airway injury, and allows assessment of the extent of injury. This information that can be obtained rapidly at the bedside has the potential to facilitate rapid intervention.

CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case series that illustrate the diagnostic value of focused airway ultrasound in the diagnosis of laryngeal trauma in patients presenting with blunt neck injury.

CONCLUSION: Early recognition, appropriate triaging, accurate airway evaluation, and prompt management of such injuries are essential. In this case series, we introduce the potential role of focused airway ultrasound in suspected laryngeal trauma, and the correlation of these exam findings with that of computed tomography (CT) scanning, based on the Schaefer classification of laryngeal injury.

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases

Fulltext Infant with a sudden, large, post-extubation subglottic cyst

Asha'ari ZA, Suhaimi Y, Fadzil A, Zihni M

Malays J Med Sci, 2012 Oct;19(4):84-7.

PMID: 23613654 MyJurnal

Acquired subglottic cyst in infancy is almost always associated with episodes of early life intubation. Most cases typically presented late, usually days to months after extubation. We report a case of a subglottic cyst with different presentation than the norm. This case highlights that subglottic cyst can present acutely, and rapidly enlarging soon after the airway extubation. As the management of a large subglottic cyst can be challenging, a close observation for early diagnosis and intervention are recommended post extubation in the high-risk cases, such as in the premature infant.

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases

Fulltext An unexpected cause of hoarseness of voice in a healthy teenager

Wong SL, Ibrahim ZA

Malays J Med Sci, 2010 Jan;17(1):52-5.

PMID: 22135527 MyJurnal

Laryngeal amyloidosis is a rare cause of stridor in a healthy young adult. We report a case of localised laryngeal amyloidosis, including our MRI findings, which included a necrotic centre that has not previously been described. This case also highlights the need for a high index of clinical suspicion to achieve the correct histopathological interpretation.

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases

Fulltext Two cases of congenital vallecular cyst: a reminder of the potentially fatal cause of upper airway obstruction in infants

Abd Aziz A, Abdullah AF, Ahmad RA

Malays J Med Sci, 2010 Jul;17(3):68-73.

PMID: 22135553 MyJurnal

Vallecular cyst, a benign yet rare laryngeal lesion, may cause stridor and even life-threatening upper airway obstruction in infants. It can cause apnoea and poor feeding habits, thus reducing the chance of survival. Although laryngomalacia remains the most common cause of stridor in this age group, awareness and a high level of suspicion for this condition can help lead to early management and intervention. Direct laryngoscopy is accepted as the gold standard for diagnostic purposes, and marsupialisation of the cyst is the preferred treatment. We describe 2 cases of vallecular cysts in infants admitted to our hospital where timely diagnoses led to appropriate treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases

Fulltext Carbon dioxide laser excision of a big epiglottic cyst

Baharudin A, Hazama M

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Dec;61(5):636-7.

PMID: 17623969 MyJurnal

Epiglottic cyst is usually asymptomatic and the commonest presentation is foreign body sensation in the throat. Treatment of epiglottic cysts depends on their size and on the clinical symptoms. Surgery is necessary for large ones. Various modalities of therapy include endoscopic excision, marsupialization and deroofing with or without a carbon dioxide laser. We report our experience of managing a case of a large epiglottic cyst with a carbon dioxide laser.

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases/surgery*

Intravenous neck injections in a drug abuser resulting in infection of a laryngocele

Jahendran J, Sani A, Rajan P, Mann GS, Appoo B

Asian J Surg, 2005 Jan;28(1):41-4.

PMID: 15691797

A pyolaryngocele is an uncommon complication of a laryngocele that has become infected. We present a case of a pyolaryngocele that was probably due to repeated injections in the neck veins. The pathogenesis, clinical features and management are discussed in detail.

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases/etiology*

Fulltext Pseudomonas laryngeal perichondritis: unexpected diagnosis

Zainal Abidin SS, Kew TY, Azman M, Mat Baki M

BMJ Case Rep, 2020 Dec 22;13(12).

PMID: 33370978 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-237129

A 57-year-old male chronic smoker with underlying diabetes mellitus presented with dysphonia associated with cough, dysphagia and reduced effort tolerance of 3 months' duration. Videoendoscope finding revealed bilateral polypoidal and erythematous true and false vocal fold with small glottic airway. The patient was initially treated as having tuberculous laryngitis and started on antituberculous drug. However, no improvement was observed. CT of the neck showed erosion of thyroid cartilage, which points to laryngeal carcinoma as a differential diagnosis. However, the erosion was more diffuse and appeared systemic in origin. The diagnosis of laryngeal perichondritis was made when the histopathological examination revealed features of inflammation, and the tracheal aspirate isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa The patient made a good recovery following treatment with oral ciprofloxacin.

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases/complications; Laryngeal Diseases/diagnosis*; Laryngeal Diseases/drug therapy; Laryngeal Diseases/microbiology

Fulltext Aetiological profile of paediatric stridor in a Malaysian tertiary hospital

Lum SG, Noor Liza I, Priatharisiny V, Saraiza AB, Goh BS

Malays Fam Physician, 2016;11(1):2-6.

PMID: 28461841 MyJurnal

BACKGROUND: Conditions causing stridor in paediatric patients can range from minor illnesses to life-threatening disorders. Proper evaluation and correct diagnosis are essential for timely intervention. The objective of this study was to determine the aetiological profiles and the management of paediatric patients with stridor referred to the Otorhinolaryngology Department of Hospital Serdang.

METHODS: Medical records of all paediatric patients presenting with symptom of stridor from January 2010 to February 2015 were reviewed retrospectively. The patients' demographic data, clinical notes, laryngoscope findings, diagnosis and management were retrieved and analysed.

RESULTS: Out of the total 137 patients referred for noisy breathing, 121 patients had stridor and were included in this study. There were 73 males and 48 females-most were of Malay ethnicity (77.7%). The age of presentation ranged from newborn to 10 years, with a mean of 4.9 months. Eighteen patients (14.9%) had associated congenital pathologies. The majority were congenital causes (90.9%), in which laryngomalacia was the commonest (78.5%), followed by subglottic stenosis (5.0%), vallecular cyst (2.5%) and congenital vocal fold paralysis (2.5%). Twelve patients (9.9%) had synchronous airway lesion. The majority of the patients were managed conservatively. Thirty-one patients (25.6%) required surgical intervention, of which only one needed tracheostomy.

CONCLUSION: Laryngomalacia was the commonest cause of stridor among paediatric patients. A synchronous airway lesion should be considered if the child has persistent or severe symptoms. The majority of the patients were managed conservatively.

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases

Fulltext Stridor Secondary to Acquired Subglottic Cyst: Rarity Makes it Missed

See GB, Mesran I

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2019 Oct;71(Suppl 1):45-48.

PMID: 31741928 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-016-0992-2

Subglottic cysts (SGCs) are a rare cause of airway obstruction in children. Medical advances, higher survival rates for preterm infants, and improved diagnostic equipment have increased the number of reported cases of SGCs over the last three decades, the majority occurring in infants who had been extremely premature neonates and had suffered from respiratory distress, therefore having been intubated and managed in neonatal ICUs. Symptoms of laryngeal cysts depend on the size and the location of the cyst and include a change in the tone of voice, dysphonia, hoarseness, dysphagia, stridor, and dyspnea. This condition is often misdiagnosed as laryngomalacia, asthma, croup, or other diseases, due to the fact that it manifests as recurring respiratory infections, stridor, and wheezing. Death can occur in severe cases that are not treated. When present, it may account for severe inspiratory stridor that compromise the airway. The accepted gold standard treatment is direct laryngoscopy with marsupialization of the cyst to prevent recurrence. Two cases of subglottic cyst in our centre are described here. Although all cases presented differently, but in both of our cases, which have previous history of intubation with prematurity were initially diagnosed as laryngomalacia and croup.

Matched MeSH terms: Laryngeal Diseases

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