Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 120 in total

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  1. Remote sensing and GIS application for assessment of land suitability potential for agriculture in the IBB governorate, the Republic of Yemen
    Al-Mashreki MH, Akhir JB, Abd Rahim S, Desa KM, Rahman ZA
    Pak J Biol Sci, 2010 Dec 01;13(23):1116-28.
    PMID: 21313888
    In the present study, an assessment of land suitability potential for agriculture in the study area of IBB governorate, Republic of Yemen has been conducted through close examination of the indicators of land characteristics and qualities. The objective of this study is to evaluate the available land resource and produce the potential map of the study area. Remote sensing data help in mapping land resources, especially in mountainous areas where accessibility is limited. Satellite imagery data used for this study includes data from multi-temporal Landsat TM which dated June 2001. The parameters taken into consideration were 16 thematic maps i.e., slope, DEM, rainfall, soil, land use, land degradation as well as land characteristics maps. Satellite image of the study area has been classified for land use, land degradation and soil maps preparation, while topo sheet and ancillary data have been used for slope and DEM maps and soil properties determination. The land potential of the study area was categorized as very high, high, moderate, low and very low by adopting the logical criteria. These categories were arrived at by integrating the various layers with corresponding weights in a Geographical Information System (GIS). The study demonstrates that the study area can be categorized into spatially distributed agriculture potential zones based on the soil properties, terrain characteristics and analyzing present land use. This approach has the potential as a useful tool for guiding policy decision on sustainable land resource management.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems*
  2. Aplikasi sistem maklumat geografi untuk pemetaan reruang-masa: Suatu kajian kes denggi di Daerah Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
    Mohamad Naim Mohamad Rasidi, Mazrura Sahani, Hidayatulfathi Othman, Rozita Hod, Shaharudin Idrus, Zainudin Mohd Ali, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42:1073-1080.
    Penyakit denggi merupakan penyakit bawaan vektor yang menjadi salah satu ancaman utama kesihatan awam di Malaysia. Pemetaan taburan kes denggi daripada aspek reruang-masa boleh menjadi kaedah yang berguna dalam menilai risiko denggi kepada masyarakat. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan taburan reruang dan reruang-masa kes-kes denggi di dalam daerah Seremban, dijalankan dengan Sistem Maklumat Geografi (GIS) khususnya analisis reruang dan reruang-masa. Analisis taburan reruang menggunakan Indeks Moran, purata kejiranan terdekat (ANN) dan anggaran kepadatan Kernel. Analisis reruang-masa ditentukan dengan indeks kekerapan, jangka masa dan intensiti untuk mengenal pasti kawasan berisiko denggi mengikut masa. Sejumlah 6076 kes denggi dicatatkan di Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah Seremban dari tahun 2003 hingga 2009. Kadar insiden denggi adalah tinggi pada tahun 2003, 2008 dan 2009 dengan nisbah denggi : denggi berdarah adalah 21.6:1. Indeks Moran menunjukkan kes denggi berlaku dalam pengelompokan dengan skor Z adalah 16.384 (p=0.000). Analisis ANN dengan 0.264 (p= 0.000) dengan purata jarak insiden antara kes denggi di dalam kawasan kejiranan adalah 55 m. Anggaran kepadatan Kernel menunjukkan lokasi kawasan panas kes denggi tertumpu di Nilai dan Ampangan. Analisis reruang masa dengan purata nilai tertinggi indeks kekerapan, jangka masa dan intensiti masing-masing melebihi 0.023, 0.614 dan 0.657 di kawasan berisiko tinggi denggi di Nilai, Seremban dan Ampangan. Pengawalan denggi perlu diberi tumpuan kepada kawasan berisiko tinggi ini.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems
  3. Fulltext IoT-Based Waste Management System in Formal and Informal Public Areas in Mecca
    Abdullah N, Al-Wesabi OA, Mohammed BA, Al-Mekhlafi ZG, Alazmi M, Alsaffar M, et al.
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022 Oct 11;19(20).
    PMID: 36293647 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013066
    Urban areas worldwide are in the race to become smarter, and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is no exception. Many of these have envisaged a chance to establish devoted municipal access networks to assist all kinds of city administration and preserve services needing data connectivity. Organizations unanimously concentrate on sustainability issues with key features of general trends, particularly the combination of the 3Rs (reduce waste, reuse and recycle resources). This paper demonstrates how the incorporation of the Internet of Things (IoT) with data access networks, geographic information systems and combinatorial optimization can contribute to enhancing cities' administration systems. A waste-gathering approach based on supplying smart bins is introduced by using an IoT prototype embedded with sensors, which can read and convey bin volume data over the Internet. However, from another perspective, the population and residents' attitudes directly affect the control of the waste management system. The conventional waste collection system does not cover all areas in the city. It works based on a planned scheme that is implemented by the authorized organization focused on specific popular and formal areas. The conventional system cannot observe a real-time update of the bin status to recognize whether the waste level condition is 'full,' 'not full,' or 'empty.' This paper uses IoT in the container and trucks that secure the overflow and separation of waste. Waste source locations and population density influence the volume of waste generation, especially waste food, as it has the highest amount of waste generation. The open public area and the small space location problems are solved by proposing different truck sizes based on the waste type. Each container is used for one type of waste, such as food, plastic and others, and uses the optimization algorithm to calculate and find the optimal route toward the full waste container. In this work, the situations in KSA are evaluated, and relevant aspects are explored. Issues relating to the sustainability of organic waste management are conceptually analyzed. A genetic-based optimization algorithm for waste collection transportation enhances the performance of waste-gathering truck management. The selected routes based on the volume status and free spaces of the smart bins are the most effective through those obtainable towards the urgent smart bin targets. The proposed system outperforms other systems by reducing the number of locations and smart bins that have to be visited by 46% for all waste types, whereas the conventional and existing systems have to visit all locations every day, resulting in high cost and consumption time.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems
  4. Fulltext A Secure Region-Based Geographic Routing Protocol (SRBGR) for Wireless Sensor Networks
    Adnan AI, Hanapi ZM, Othman M, Zukarnain ZA
    PLoS One, 2017;12(1):e0170273.
    PMID: 28121992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170273
    Due to the lack of dependency for routing initiation and an inadequate allocated sextant on responding messages, the secure geographic routing protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have attracted considerable attention. However, the existing protocols are more likely to drop packets when legitimate nodes fail to respond to the routing initiation messages while attackers in the allocated sextant manage to respond. Furthermore, these protocols are designed with inefficient collection window and inadequate verification criteria which may lead to a high number of attacker selections. To prevent the failure to find an appropriate relay node and undesirable packet retransmission, this paper presents Secure Region-Based Geographic Routing Protocol (SRBGR) to increase the probability of selecting the appropriate relay node. By extending the allocated sextant and applying different message contention priorities more legitimate nodes can be admitted in the routing process. Moreover, the paper also proposed the bound collection window for a sufficient collection time and verification cost for both attacker identification and isolation. Extensive simulation experiments have been performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed protocol in comparison with other existing protocols. The results demonstrate that SRBGR increases network performance in terms of the packet delivery ratio and isolates attacks such as Sybil and Black hole.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems/economics
  5. Fulltext Left-handed metamaterial bandpass filter for GPS, Earth Exploration-Satellite and WiMAX frequency sensing applications
    Alam MJ, Ahamed E, Faruque MRI, Islam MT, Tamim AM
    PLoS One, 2019;14(11):e0224478.
    PMID: 31714917 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224478
    Interferences and accuracy problem are one of the most talked issues in today's world for sensor technology. To deal with this contention, a microstrip framework consisting of a dual mode double negative (DNG) metamaterial based bandpass filter is presented in this article. To obtain the ultimate noise reduction bandpass filter, the proposed structure has to go through a series of development process, where the characteristics of the structure are tested to the limit. This filter is built on Rogers RT-5880 substrate with a 50Ω microstrip line. To pursue the elementary mode of resonant frequency, the ground layer of the structure is kept partially filled and a gradual analysis is executed on the prospective metamaterial (resonator) unit cell. Depending on the developed unit cell, the filter is constructed and fabricated to verify the concept, concentrating on GPS (1.55GHz), Earth Exploration-Satellite (2.70GHz) and WiMAX (3.60GHz) bands of frequencies. Moreover, the structure is investigated using Nicolson-Ross-Weir (NRW) approach to justify the metamaterial characteristics, and also tested on S-parameters, current distribution, electric and magnetic fields and quality factor. Having a propitious architecture and DNG characteristics, the proposed structure is suitable for bandpass filter for GPS, Earth Exploration-Satellite and WiMAX frequency sensing applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems*
  6. Fulltext Development of a web-geographical information system application for plotting tuberculosis cases
    Mohidem NA, Osman M, Muharam FM, Mohd Elias S, Shaharudin R, Hashim Z
    Geospat Health, 2021 Oct 19;16(2).
    PMID: 34672178 DOI: 10.4081/gh.2021.980
    In the last few decades, public health surveillance has increasingly applied statistical methods to analyze the spatial disease distributions. Nevertheless, contact tracing and follow up control measures for tuberculosis (TB) patients remain challenging because public health officers often lack the programming skills needed to utilize the software appropriately. This study aimed to develop a more user-friendly application by applying the CodeIgniter framework for server development, ArcGIS JavaScript for data display and a web application based on JavaScript and Hypertext Preprocessor to build the server's interface, while a webGIS technology was used for mapping. The performance of this approach was tested based on 3325 TB cases and their sociodemographic data, such as age, gender, race, nationality, country of origin, educational level, employment status, health care worker status, income status, residency status, and smoking status between 1st January 2013 and 31st December 2017 in Gombak, Selangor, Malaysia. These data were collected from the Gombak District Health Office and Rawang Health Clinic. Latitude and longitude of the location for each case was geocoded by uploading spatial data using Google Earth and the main output was an interactive map displaying location of each case. Filters are available for the selection of the various sociodemographic factors of interest. The application developed should assist public health experts to utilize spatial data for the surveillance purposes comprehensively as well as for the drafting of regulations aimed at to reducing mortality and morbidity and thus minimizing the public health impact of the disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems*
  7. Fulltext Evaluating methods for estimating home ranges using GPS collars: A comparison using proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus)
    Stark DJ, Vaughan IP, Ramirez Saldivar DA, Nathan SK, Goossens B
    PLoS One, 2017;12(3):e0174891.
    PMID: 28362872 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174891
    The development of GPS tags for tracking wildlife has revolutionised the study of home ranges, habitat use and behaviour. Concomitantly, there have been rapid developments in methods for estimating habitat use from GPS data. In combination, these changes can cause challenges in choosing the best methods for estimating home ranges. In primatology, this issue has received little attention, as there have been few GPS collar-based studies to date. However, as advancing technology is making collaring studies more feasible, there is a need for the analysis to advance alongside the technology. Here, using a high quality GPS collaring data set from 10 proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus), we aimed to: 1) compare home range estimates from the most commonly used method in primatology, the grid-cell method, with three recent methods designed for large and/or temporally correlated GPS data sets; 2) evaluate how well these methods identify known physical barriers (e.g. rivers); and 3) test the robustness of the different methods to data containing either less frequent or random losses of GPS fixes. Biased random bridges had the best overall performance, combining a high level of agreement between the raw data and estimated utilisation distribution with a relatively low sensitivity to reduced fixed frequency or loss of data. It estimated the home range of proboscis monkeys to be 24-165 ha (mean 80.89 ha). The grid-cell method and approaches based on local convex hulls had some advantages including simplicity and excellent barrier identification, respectively, but lower overall performance. With the most suitable model, or combination of models, it is possible to understand more fully the patterns, causes, and potential consequences that disturbances could have on an animal, and accordingly be used to assist in the management and restoration of degraded landscapes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems*
  8. Fulltext Enhancing precision flood mapping: Pahang's vulnerability unveiled
    Keya TA, Balakrishnan SS, Solayappan M, Dheena Dhayalan SS, Subramaniam S, An LJ, et al.
    PLoS One, 2024;19(11):e0310435.
    PMID: 39509412 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310435
    Malaysia, particularly Pahang, experiences devastating floods annually, causing significant damage. The objective of the research was to create a flood susceptibility map for the designated area by employing an Ensemble Machine Learning (EML) algorithm based on geographic information system (GIS). By analyzing nine key factors from a geospatial database, flood susceptibility map was created with the ArcGIS software (ESRI ArcGIS Pro v3.0.1 x64). The Random Forest (RF) model was employed in this study to categorize the study area into distinct flood susceptibility classes. The Feature selection (FS) method was used to ranking the flood influencing factors. To validate the flood susceptibility models, standard statistical measures and the Area Under the Curve (AUC) were employed. The FS ranking demonstrated that the primary attributes to flooding in the study region are rainfall and elevation, with slope, geology, curvature, flow accumulation, flow direction, distance from the river, and land use/land cover (LULC) patterns ranking subsequently. The categories of 'very high' and 'high' class collectively made up 37.1% and 26.3% of the total area, respectively. The flood vulnerability assessment of Pahang found that the Eastern, Southern, and central regions were at high risk of flooding due to intense precipitation, low-lying topography with steep inclines, proximity to the shoreline and rivers, and abundant flooded vegetation, crops, urban areas, bare ground, and rangeland. Conversely, areas with dense tree canopies or forests were less susceptible to flooding in this research area. The ROC analysis demonstrated strong performance on the validation datasets, with an AUC value of >0.73 and accuracy scores exceeding 0.71. Research on flood susceptibility mapping can enhance risk reduction strategies and improve flood management in vulnerable areas. Technological advancements and expertise provide opportunities for more sophisticated methods, leading to better prepared and resilient communities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems*
  9. Analysis of dental services distribution in Malaysia: a geographic information systems - based approach
    Md Bohari NF, Kruger E, John J, Tennant M
    Int Dent J, 2019 Jun;69(3):223-229.
    PMID: 30565655 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12454
    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyse, in detail, the distribution of primary dental clinics in relation to the Malaysian population and relative population wealth, to test the hypothesis that an uneven distribution of dental services exists in Malaysia.

    METHOD: This 2016 study located every dental practice in Malaysia (private and public) and mapped these practices against population, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools. Population clusters within 5, 10 and 20 km of a dental clinic were identified, and clinic-to-population ratios were ascertained. Population data were obtained from the Population and Housing Census of Malaysia 2010. Population relative wealth was obtained from the 2014 Report on Household Income and Basic Amenities Survey for Malaysia. The physical address for each dental practice in Malaysia was gathered from the Official Portal of Ministry of Health Malaysia. All data for analysis were extracted from the integrated database in Quantum GIS (QGIS) into Microsoft Excel.

    RESULT: The population of Malaysia (24.9 million) was distributed across 127 districts, with 119 (94%) having at least one dental clinic. Sixty-four districts had fewer than 10 dental clinics, and 11.3% of Malaysians did not reside in the catchment of 20 km from any dental clinic. The total dental clinic-to-population ratio was 1:9,000: for public dental clinics it was 1:38,000 and for private clinics it was 1:13,000.

    CONCLUSION: Dental services were distributed relative to high population density, were unevenly distributed across Malaysia and the majority of people with the highest inaccessibility to a dental service resided in Malaysian Borneo.

    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems*
  10. Fulltext Review of GPS collar deployments and performance on nonhuman primates
    Dore KM, Hansen MF, Klegarth AR, Fichtel C, Koch F, Springer A, et al.
    Primates, 2020 May;61(3):373-387.
    PMID: 31965380 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-020-00793-7
    Over the past 20 years, GPS collars have emerged as powerful tools for the study of nonhuman primate (hereafter, "primate") movement ecology. As the size and cost of GPS collars have decreased and performance has improved, it is timely to review the use and success of GPS collar deployments on primates to date. Here we compile data on deployments and performance of GPS collars by brand and examine how these relate to characteristics of the primate species and field contexts in which they were deployed. The compiled results of 179 GPS collar deployments across 17 species by 16 research teams show these technologies can provide advantages, particularly in adding to the quality, quantity, and temporal span of data collection. However, aspects of this technology still require substantial improvement in order to make deployment on many primate species pragmatic economically. In particular, current limitations regarding battery lifespan relative to collar weight, the efficacy of remote drop-off mechanisms, and the ability to remotely retrieve data need to be addressed before the technology is likely to be widely adopted. Moreover, despite the increasing utility of GPS collars in the field, they remain substantially more expensive than VHF collars and tracking via handheld GPS units, and cost considerations of GPS collars may limit sample sizes and thereby the strength of inferences. Still, the overall high quality and quantity of data obtained, combined with the reduced need for on-the-ground tracking by field personnel, may help defray the high equipment cost. We argue that primatologists armed with the information in this review have much to gain from the recent, substantial improvements in GPS collar technology.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems/statistics & numerical data*
  11. Integration of hydrogeological data, GIS and AHP techniques applied to delineate groundwater potential zones in sandstone, limestone and shales rocks of the Damoh district, (MP) central India
    Moharir KN, Pande CB, Gautam VK, Singh SK, Rane NL
    Environ Res, 2023 Jul 01;228:115832.
    PMID: 37054834 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115832
    The Damoh district, which is located in the central India and characterized by limestone, shales, and sandstone compact rock. The district has been facing groundwater development challenges and problems for several decades. To facilitate groundwater management, it is crucial to monitoring and planning based on geology, slope, relief, land use, geomorphology, and the types of the basaltic aquifer in the drought-groundwater deficit area. Moreover, the majority of farmers in the area are heavily dependent on groundwater for their crops. Therefore, delineation of groundwater potential zones (GPZ) is essential, which is defined based on various thematic layers, including geology, geomorphology, slope, aspect, drainage density, lineament density, topographic wetness index (TWI), topographic ruggedness index (TRI), and land use/land cover (LULC). The processing and analysis of this information were carried out using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods. The validity of the results was trained and tested using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, which showed training and testing accuracies of 0.713 and 0.701, respectively. The GPZ map was classified into five classes such as very high, high, moderate, low, and very low. The study revealed that approximately 45% of the area falls under the moderate GPZ, while only 30% of the region is classified as having a high GPZ. The area receives high rainfall but has very high surface runoff due to no proper developed soil and lack of water conservation structures. Every summer season show a declined groundwater level. In this context, results of study area are useful to maintain the groundwater under climate change and summer season. The GPZ map plays an important role in implementing artificial recharge structures (ARS), such as percolation ponds, tube wells, bore wells, cement nala bunds (CNBs), continuous contour trenching (CCTs), and others for development of ground level. This study is significant for developing sustainable groundwater management policies in semi-arid regions, that are experiencing climate change. Proper groundwater potential mapping and watershed development policies can help mitigate the effects of drought, climate change, and water scarcity, while preserving the ecosystem in the Limestone, Shales, and Sandstone compact rock region. The results of this study are essential for farmers, regional planners, policy-makers, climate change experts, and local governments, enabling them to understand the groundwater development possibilities in the study area.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems*
  12. Fulltext GIS-based intelligent planning approach of child-friendly pedestrian pathway to promote a child-friendly city
    Fang K, Azizan SA, Huang H
    Sci Rep, 2024 Apr 07;14(1):8139.
    PMID: 38584168 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58712-5
    Pedestrian safety, particularly for children, relies on well-designed pathways. Child-friendly pathways play a crucial role in safeguarding young pedestrians. Shared spaces accommodating both vehicles and walkers can bring benefits to pedestrians. However, active children playing near these pathways are prone to accidents. This research aims to develop an efficient method for planning child-friendly pedestrian pathways, taking into account community development and the specific needs of children. A mixed-methods approach was employed, utilizing the Datang community in Guangzhou, China, as a case study. This approach combined drawing techniques with GIS data analysis. Drawing methods were utilized to identify points of interest for children aged 2-6. The qualitative and quantitative fuzzy analytic hierarchy process assessed factors influencing pathway planning, assigning appropriate weights. The weighted superposition analysis method constructed a comprehensive cost grid, considering various community elements. To streamline the planning process, a GIS tool was developed based on the identified factors, resulting in a practical, child-friendly pedestrian pathway network. Results indicate that this method efficiently creates child-friendly pathways, ensuring optimal connectivity within the planned road network.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems*
  13. Geospatial techniques for assessment of bank erosion and accretion in the Marala Alexandria reach of the River Chenab, Pakistan
    M. Hamid Ch, M. Ashraf, Qudsia Hamid, Syed Mansoor Sarwar, Zulfiqar Ahmad Saqib
    Sains Malaysiana, 2017;46:413-420.
    Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are widely used for change detection in rivers caused
    by erosion and accretion. Digital image processing techniques and GIS analysis capabilities are used for detecting
    temporal variations of erosion and accretion characteristics between the years 1999 and 2011 in a 40 km long Marala
    Alexandria reach of River Chenab. Landsat satellite images for the years 1999, 2007 and 2011 were processed to analyze
    the river channel migration, changes in the river width and the rate of erosion and accretion. Analyses showed that the
    right bank was under erosion in both time spans, however high rate of deposition is exhibited in middle reaches. The
    maximum erosion was 1569843 m2
    and 1486160 m2
    along the right bank at a distance of 24-28 km downstream of the
    Marala barrage in the time span of 1999-2007 and 2007-2011, respectively. Along right bank mainly there is trend of
    accretion but erosion is much greater between 20 and 28 km reach. Maximum accretion was 5144584 m2
    from 1999-2007
    and 2950110 m2
    from 2007-2011 on the right bank downstream of the Marala Barrage. The derived results of channel
    migration were validated by comparing with SRTM data to assess the accuracy of image classification. Integration of remote
    sensing data with GIS is efficient and economical technique to assess land losses and channel changes in large rivers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems
  14. Oil spill trajectory modelling and environmental vulnerability mapping using GNOME model and GIS
    Balogun AL, Yekeen ST, Pradhan B, Wan Yusof KB
    Environ Pollut, 2021 Jan 01;268(Pt A):115812.
    PMID: 33143984 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115812
    This study develops an oil spill environmental vulnerability model for predicting and mapping the oil slick trajectory pattern in Kota Tinggi, Malaysia. The impact of seasonal variations on the vulnerability of the coastal resources to oil spill was modelled by estimating the quantity of coastal resources affected across three climatic seasons (northeast monsoon, southwest monsoon and pre-monsoon). Twelve 100 m3 (10,000 splots) medium oil spill scenarios were simulated using General National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Operational Oil Modeling Environment (GNOME) model. The output was integrated with coastal resources, comprising biological, socio-economic and physical shoreline features. Results revealed that the speed of an oil slick (40.8 m per minute) is higher during the pre-monsoon period in a southwestern direction and lower during the northeast monsoon (36.9 m per minute). Evaporation, floating and spreading are the major weathering processes identified in this study, with approximately 70% of the slick reaching the shoreline or remaining in the water column during the first 24 h (h) of the spill. Oil spill impacts were most severe during the southwest monsoon, and physical shoreline resources are the most vulnerable to oil spill in the study area. The study concluded that variation in climatic seasons significantly influence the vulnerability of coastal resources to marine oil spill.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems
  15. Fulltext Online 3D terrain visualization of GIS data: a comparison between three different web servers
    Ruzinoor Che Mat, Abdul Rashid Mohd. Shariff, Pradhan, Biswajeet, Ahmad Rodzi Mahmud
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2011;19(3):31-39.
    MyJurnal
    Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and three dimensional (3D) World Wide Web (WWW) applications usage are on the rise. The demand for online 3D terrain visualization for GIS data has increased. Current users demand for more complex data which have higher accuracy and realism. This is aided by the emergence of geo-browsers in the market which provide free service and also cater for the commercialized market. Other new technology driving the market is the use of software such as CityGML, Virtual Reality Markup Language (VRML)/ Entensive 3D (X3D), geoVRML, and Keyhole Markup Language (KML). These technologies also play an important role for this new era of online 3D terrain visualization. The aim of this paper is to implement the online 3D terrain visualization for GIS data by using VRML technology and launching the system into three different web servers. The data used for this system are contour data and high resolution satellite image (QUICKBIRD) for Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) area. Testing was done only for satellite image overlaid to 3D terrain data. The web servers used in this experiment were the Spatial Research Group Server in UPM, Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) web server, and ruzinoor.my web server. The comparison was based on the performance of web servers in terms of accessibility, uploading time, CPU usage, frame rate per second (fps), and number of users. The results from this experiment will be of help and guidance to the developers in finding the right web servers for the best performance on implementing online 3D terrain visualization for GIS data.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems
  16. Fulltext Measuring and mapping urban growth patterns using remote sensing and GIS techniques
    Aburas, Maher Milad, Sabrina Ho Abdullah, Mohammad Firuz Ramli, Zulfa Hanan Ash'aari
    The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2017;3(1):55-69.
    MyJurnal
    Remote sensing and geographic information system techniques are significant and popular approaches that have been used in recent years to measure and map urban growth patterns. This paper primarily aims to provide a basis for a literature review of urban growth measurement and mapping by using different methods. For this purpose, the general characteristics of measuring and mapping urban growth patterns are described and classified. The strengths and weaknesses of the various methods have been identified from an analysis and discussion of the characteristics of the techniques. Results of reviews confirm that combining quantitative and qualitative techniques, such as Shannon approach and change detection, to measure and map urban growth patterns will improve understanding of the phenomenon of urban growth. Moreover, using social and economic data such as population and income data will improve understanding of the relationships between causes and effects. The integration of social and economic factors with quantitative and qualitative techniques will contribute to a perfect evaluation of urban growth patterns and land use changes, taking technical, social, economic, spatial, and temporal factors into account.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems
  17. Analisis perubahan guna tanah dan litupan bumi di Gombak, Selangor menggunakan data penderiaan jauh
    Nur Hakimah Asnawi, Lam KC
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1869-1877.
    Penyelidikan ini dijalankan untuk mengesan perubahan guna tanah dan litupan bumi (LULC) di daerah Gombak, Selangor melalui pendekatan penderiaan jauh. Perbandingan data siri masa antara tahun 1989-1999, 1999-2014 dan 1989-2014 telah dilakukan bagi melihat perubahan LULC. Data yang digunakan ialah imej satelit Landsat (TM dan OLI-TIRS) dan Peta Guna Tanah Selangor 1990 terbitan Jabatan Pertanian Malaysia. Guna tanah dibahagikan kepada lima kategori utama, iaitu badan air, hutan, getah, kelapa sawit dan tepu bina. Penilaian ketepatan antara LULC hasil daripada pengelasan imej penderiaan jauh dengan peta guna tanah 1990 dikira berdasarkan Koeffisien Kappa menerusi teknik ralat matrik dan nilai ketepatan adalah 74.5%. Analisis GIS ke atas imej pasca klasifikasi menunjukkan perubahan sebenar LULC bagi tahun perbandingan 1989-1999 ialah 13.69%, seterusnya meningkat kepada 18.65% bagi tahun 1999-2014 dan terus meningkat bagi tahun bandingan 1989-2014, iaitu 24.25%. Guna tanah getah mengalami perubahan sebenar paling tinggi berbanding guna tanah lain dengan -47.73% bagi tahun bandingan 1989-1999, manakala tahun bandingan 1999-2014 menunjukkan guna tanah tepu bina mengalami perubahan paling tinggi dengan +44.53% dan pada tahun 1989-2014 pula guna tanah getah mengalami perubahan sebenar paling tinggi sebanyak -34.6%. Kemerosotan guna tanah getah sangat ketara di daerah Gombak dan mempunyai kaitan dengan peningkatan kawasan guna tanah tepu bina. Secara umumnya, pola perubahan guna tanah dan litupan bumi di daerah Gombak selari dengan perkembangan dan pelaksanaan pembangunan semasa oleh pihak berkuasa.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems
  18. Kajian kualitatif perubahan guna tanah kawasan bandar Pekanbaru dengan menggunakan sistem maklumat geografi (Gis)
    Yusri, Othman A. Karim, Khairul Nizam Abdul Maulud, Mohd. Ekhwan Toriman
    Sains Malaysiana, 2010;39.
    Penggunaan tanah boleh mengakibatkan perubahan fungsi dari masa ke masa, sesuai dengan tujuan pembangunan. Kawasan Bandar Pekanbaru terdiri daripada 12 sub-kawasan persekutuan dengan jumlah keluasan kira-kira 632.26 km2. Tujuan kajian adalah untuk menganalisis perubahan guna tanah daripada aspek ruang dan masa. Data guna tanah yang diambil kira dalam analisis ini adalah peta guna tanah 1992 dan 2004. Hasil analisis dengan menggunakan perisian ArcView GIS versi 3.2 mendapati bahawa telah berlaku penurunan guna tanah signifikan, iaitu jenis perkebunan dan hutan tahun 2004. Peningkatan jenis lain-lain, penggunaan tanah seperti permukiman dan tumbuhan/semak tahun 2004 telah berlaku. Perubahan ini merupakan pengaruh daripada pembangunan bandar. Sebaliknya, pembangunan bandar boleh memberi impak negatif terhadap sekitaran jika pola perubahan guna tanah dirancang tanpa pengurusan yang baik.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems
  19. Kepentingan sistem maklumat geografi (GIS) dan penderiaan jauh dalam pemeliharaan habitat populasi burung hijrah di hutan paya laut Matang, Perak
    Azimah Abd Rahman
    Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:1229-1239.
    Kedatangan spesies burung hijrah ke Hutan Paya Laut Matang, Perak merupakan suatu fenomena unik dan amat berpotensi untuk dikomersialkan. Namun begitu sejak sepuluh tahun kebelakangan ini kedatangan spesies burung hijrah ke kawasan ini mencatatkan penurunan yang membimbangkan. Pembangunan di sekitar kawasan Hutan Paya Laut Matang dikenal pasti menjadi faktor utama penurunan ini. Selain itu, pengurusan dan pemantauan terhadap spesies burung hijrah yang tidak bersistematik juga menyumbang kepada permasalahan ini. Kaedah pengurusan dan pemantauan burung hijrah secara konvensional masih diamalkan oleh Jabatan Hidupan Liar dan Taman Negara (PERHILITAN) dalam merekod data dan maklumat yang diperoleh. Oleh itu kajian ini dilakukan dengan memperkenalkan pendekatan teknologi Sistem Maklumat Geografi (GIS) dan Penderiaan Jauh sebagai aplikasi utama yang dapat membantu dalam memperbaiki pengurusan dan pemantauan burung hijrah. Aplikasi GIS digunakan dalam memetakan data parameter kajian yang diperoleh menggunakan perisian yang bersesuaian iaitu ArcGIS 10.1 dan Penderiaan Jauh digunakan untuk memodelkan parameter kajian menggunakan aplikasi dalam perisian ERDAS Imagine 8.5. Sebanyak enam parameter kajian digunakan dalam kajian ini iaitu suhu, taburan hujan, makanan, ketinggian, gunatanah dan liputan tanah. Pemodelan setiap parameter kajian ini membolehkan kesan setiap parameter kajian terhadap taburan burung hijrah dalam suatu kawasan ditunjukkan dalam bentuk pemetaan. Hasil pemodelan ini juga membolehkan parameter yang terpenting dan paling mempengaruhi taburan burung hijrah bagi kawasan Hutan Paya Laut Matang dikenal pasti. Maklumat ini membolehkan DWNP lebih memahami keperluan burung hijrah dalam pemilihan habitat mereka. Selain itu, hasil pemodelan ini membantu DWNP dalam mengatur strategi pelaksanaan program pemeliharaan dan pemuliharaan di kawasan sekitar Hutan Paya Laut Matang bagi memastikan kedatangan spesies burung hijrah secara berterusan.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems
  20. Analisis potensi kebakaran hutan menggunakan teknik georuang dan permodelan AHP di Selangor, Malaysia
    Mohd Dini Hairi Suliman, Mastura Mahmud
    Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42:579-586.
    Kejadian kebakaran hutan yang memberikan implikasi negatif terhadap ekosistem hutan, kepelbagaian biologi, kualiti udara dan struktur tanah dapat dikurangkan melalui sistem pengurusan bencana yang berkesan. Mekanisme pengurusan bencana dapat dibangunkan melalui sistem amaran awal yang tepat serta sistem penyampaian maklumat yang cekap. Penyelidikan ini cuba memberi tumpuan kepada pemetaan potensi kebakaran hutan serta penyampaian maklumat kepada
    pengguna melalui aplikasi WebGIS. Teknologi georuang dan permodelan matematik digunakan bagi mengenal pasti, mengelas serta memetakan kawasan hutan yang berpotensi untuk terbakar. Permodelan model proses analitik hierarki (AHP) serta teknologi georuang yang merangkumi penderiaan jauh, sistem maklumat geografi (GIS) dan pengumpulan data lapangan secara digital telah digunakan untuk negeri Selangor. AHP adalah suatu teknik yang dapat memodel sesuatu
    keputusan yang meliputi objektif menyeluruh, dalam kajian ini untuk mencari kawasan yang berpotensi berlakunya kebakaran hutan. Tiga kriteria iaitu bahan bakar, bentuk topografi dan faktor manusia telah dipilih untuk membina satu reka bentuk hierarki berstruktur yang setiapnya diberikan pemberat. Kemudian hierarki ini dianalisis melalui satu siri perbandingan berpasangan yang diproses secara matematik dan keutamaan diberikan kepada kedudukan yang tinggi untuk mencapai hasil sumbangan pakar yang terlibat secara langsung dengan operasi pemadaman kebakaran hutan
    yang terdiri daripada pegawai Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia juga dinilai dalam model ini. Hasil kajian mendapati 65% daripada keseluruhan Selangor berpotensi rendah untuk terbakar sementara kawasan seluas 32.83 km persegi iaitu di Bestari Jaya, Ulu Tinggi dan Kuala Langat berpotensi melampau terbakar. Paparan maklumat melalui aplikasi WebGIS ini merupakan satu pendekatan terbaik bagi membantu proses membuat keputusan pada tahap keyakinan yang tinggi dan hampir menyamai keadaan sebenar. Agensi yang terlibat dalam pengurusan bencana
    seperti Jawatankuasa Pengurusan dan Bantuan Bencana (JPBB) Daerah, Negeri dan Pusat serta Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia dapat menggunakan hasil akhir kajian ini sebagai persediaan menghadapi ancaman kebakaran hutan pada masa akan datang.
    Matched MeSH terms: Geographic Information Systems
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