MyMedR

Fulltext Role of Pre-therapeutic (18)F-FDG PET/CT in Guiding the Treatment Strategy and Predicting Prognosis in Patients with Esophageal Carcinoma

Tan TH, Boey CY, Lee BN

Asia Ocean J Nucl Med Biol, 2016;4(2):59-65.

PMID: 27408893 DOI: 10.7508/aojnmb.2016.02.001

The present study aimed to evaluate the role of pre-therapeutic (18)fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ((18)F-FDG PET-CT) and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in guiding the treatment strategy and predicting the prognosis of esophageal carcinoma, using the survival data of the patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms

Different time trend and management of esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma in three Asian countries

Hatta W, Tong D, Lee YY, Ichihara S, Uedo N, Gotoda T

Dig Endosc, 2017 Apr;29 Suppl 2:18-25.

PMID: 28425657 DOI: 10.1111/den.12808

Esophagogastric junction (EGJ) adenocarcinoma has been on the increase in Western countries. However, in Asian countries, data on the incidence of EGJ adenocarcinoma are evidently lacking. In the present review, we focus on the current clinical situation of EGJ adenocarcinoma in three Asian countries: Japan, Hong Kong, and Malaysia. The incidence of EGJ adenocarcinoma has been reported to be gradually increasing in Malaysia and Japan, whereas it has stabilized in Hong Kong. However, the number of cases in these countries is comparatively low compared with Western countries. A reason for the reported difference in the incidence and time trend of EGJ adenocarcinoma among the three countries may be explained by two distinct etiologies: one arising from chronic gastritis similar to distal gastric cancer, and the other related to gastroesophageal reflux disease similar to esophageal adenocarcinoma including Barrett's adenocarcinoma. This review also shows that there are several concerns in clinical practice for EGJ adenocarcinoma. In Hong Kong and Malaysia, many EGJ adenocarcinomas have been detected at a stage not amenable to endoscopic resection. In Japan, histological curability criteria for endoscopic resection cases have not been established. We suggest that an international collaborative study using the same definition of EGJ adenocarcinoma may be helpful not only for clarifying the characteristics of these cancers but also for improving the clinical outcome of these patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms

Endoscopic gastric mucosal atrophy distinguishes the characteristics of superficial esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma

Uedo N, Yoshio T, Yoshinaga S, Takeuchi M, Hatta W, Yano T, et al.

Dig Endosc, 2017 Apr;29 Suppl 2:26-36.

PMID: 28425653 DOI: 10.1111/den.12849

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Western studies have suggested two distinct etiologies of esophagogastric junction (EGJ) cancer: Helicobacter pylori-associated atrophic gastritis and non-atrophic gastric mucosa resembling esophageal adenocarcinoma. The present study investigated whether endoscopic gastric mucosal atrophy can distinguish between these two types of EGJ adenocarcinoma.

METHODS: Data were collected from patients with Siewert type II, T1 EGJ adenocarcinoma who underwent endoscopic or surgical resection at eight Japanese institutions in 2010-2015. Clinicopathological characteristics of EGJ cancers with and without endoscopic gastric mucosal atrophy were compared. EGJ was defined as the lower end of the palisade vein and/or the top of the gastric folds.

RESULTS: Of the 229 patients identified, 161 had endoscopic gastric mucosal atrophy and 68 did not. The latter group was younger (64 vs 70 years, P = 0.000); had a higher proportion of patients negative for H. pylori (90% vs 47%, P

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms

Fulltext A rare case of Dysphagia secondary to a large oesophageal lipoma

Koh KS, Chong VH, Yapp SK, Chong CF

Med J Malaysia, 2012 Oct;67(5):522-3.

PMID: 23770871

Dysphagia is considered a warning symptom that requires exclusion of significant pathology such as oesophageal cancer, especially in elderly patients. Benign neoplasms of the oesophagus are rare. We report the case of a 69-year-old lady who presented with a five years history of infrequent intermittent dysphagia that had rapidly progressed over one month. This was associated with globus sensation, weight loss, intermittent episodes of stridor and aspiration pneumonia. Investigations revealed a large oesophageal lipoma in the proximal oesophagus extending down to the lower oesophagus. This was successfully resected via a left cervical approach. She remained well two years after the surgery.

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms*

Fulltext Review of the burden of esophageal cancer in Malaysia

Siti-Azrin AH, Wan-Nor-Asyikeen WA, Norsa'adah B

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2016;17(8):3705-9.

PMID: 27644604

Esophageal cancer is one of the top leading causes of cancer-related deaths in Malaysia. To date, neither the prevalence nor incidence of esophageal cancer nationally have been recorded. Esophageal cancer remains a major and lethal health problem even if it is not common in Malaysia. The late presentation of esophageal cancer makes it a difficult and challenging medical problem. Therefore, more governmental and non-governmental organizations of Malaysia should emphasize primary and secondary prevention strategies.

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms/etiology*; Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology*

Fulltext Delay in diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal cancer: whose fault is it?

Tata MD, Dharmendran R, Ramesh G, Kandasami P

Med J Malaysia, 2013 Jun;68(3):275-7.

PMID: 23749025 MyJurnal

Stomach and esophageal cancers are both deadly and difficult to diagnose early. Stomach cancer is the second most common cancer in Asia. Both these are one of the most common causes of cancer related death in the world.

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms*

Incidence of esophageal carcinoma among Malays in North-Eastern Peninsular Malaysia: an area with an exceptionally low prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection

Lee YY, Raj SM, Sharif SE, Salleh R, Ayub MC, Graham DY

Dig Dis Sci, 2011 May;56(5):1438-43.

PMID: 21082350 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-010-1473-1

Obesity, gastroesophageal reflux, and Barrett's esophagus have all been linked to esophageal adenocarcinoma. In addition, the decline in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in affluent societies has also been suggested to be a major factor in the recent rise in the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma. If H. pylori infection has a protective role, populations with a naturally low prevalence of H. pylori infection such as the ethnic Malays of Northeastern Peninsular Malaysia should have high rates of esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms/complications; Esophageal Neoplasms/ethnology; Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology*

Treatment of delayed chylothorax complicating oesophagectomy

Nadesan S, Ming TC, Thangaveloo G, Jasmi AY

Asian J Surg, 2005 Apr;28(2):142-4.

PMID: 15851371

A patient with carcinoma of the cardia underwent Ivor-Lewis oesophagogastrectomy. He developed right chylothorax postoperatively, which is a rare complication. Attempts to treat the chylothorax by conservative means and thoracoscopic ligation failed. Finally, pleurodesis using bleomycin successfully sealed the leak and he was discharged.

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery

Carcinoid tumour: a report of 4 cases with unusual sites of origin

Dutt AK, Kutty MK, Balasegaram M, Omar-Ahmad U

Med J Malaya, 1969 Mar;23(3):216-9.

PMID: 4240078

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms*

Primary malignant melanoma of the oesophagus

Gul YA, Prasannan S, Hairuszah I

Acta Chir. Belg., 2003 Aug;103(4):420-2.

PMID: 14524166

Primary malignant melanoma arising in the oesophagus is a rare condition with a dismal prognosis. The diagnosis is often made following surgical resection even though the endoscopic features may be pathognomonic. The classical treatment is oesophagectomy even though the advanced disease stage at the time of presentation and aggressive biological behaviour of the tumour usually results in a fatal outcome. We report the case of a male patient initially diagnosed with squamous oesophageal carcinoma and treated with conventional neo-adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy. Poor clinical and radiological response resulted in a review of the original histology confirming a diagnosis of primary malignant melanoma of the oesophagus. The subsequent alteration in management conferred the patient an improved quality of life. A short review of the literature on primary malignant melanoma of the oesophagus supplements this case report.

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology*; Esophageal Neoplasms/therapy

Stage-directed individualized therapy in esophageal cancer

Goense L, van Rossum PS, Kandioler D, Ruurda JP, Goh KL, Luyer MD, et al.

Ann N Y Acad Sci, 2016 10;1381(1):50-65.

PMID: 27384385 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13113

Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer worldwide, and the incidence of esophageal carcinoma is rapidly increasing. With the advent of new staging and treatment techniques, esophageal cancer can now be managed through various strategies. A good understanding of the advances and limitations of new staging techniques and how these can guide in individualizing treatment is important to improve outcomes for esophageal cancer patients. This paper outlines the recent progress in staging and treatment of esophageal cancer, with particularly attention to endoscopic techniques for early-stage esophageal cancer, multimodality treatment for locally advanced esophageal cancer, assessment of response to neoadjuvant treatment, and the role of cervical lymph node dissection. Furthermore, advances in robot-assisted surgical techniques and postoperative recovery protocols that may further improve outcomes after esophagectomy are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Esophageal Neoplasms/therapy*

Esophageal squamous cell carcinomas in a Malaysian cohort show a lack of association with human papillomavirus

Cheah PL, Koh CC, Khang TF, Goh KL, Lau PC, Chin KF, et al.

J Dig Dis, 2018 May;19(5):272-278.

PMID: 29722130 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12605

OBJECTIVE: With an age-standardized incidence rate of 2 per 100 000, esophageal cancer is not common among Malaysians, but they are nevertheless important due to its poor prognosis. The study is to clarify whether the human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with esophageal cancer in Malaysians as there has been no report to date on this in Malaysians and other South East Asians.

METHODS: Altogether 67 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas histologically diagnosed between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2014 at the Department of Pathology, University of Malaya Medical Center, Malaysia were considered for HPV analysis using two commercially available methods, polymerase chain reaction with flow-through hybridization (21 HPV GenoArray Diagnostic Kit) and multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (Anyplex II HPV28 Detection). The DNA amplifiability of the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor was checked by amplification of a 268 bp segment of the human β-globin gene (GH20/PC04) prior to HPV detection.

RESULTS: HPV detection was finally carried out in 51 patients. HPV16 was detected in the moderately differentiated, stage IV lower esophageal tumor of a 32-year-old Malaysian-born Chinese woman by both methods. Except for a predilection for Indians, the clinical characteristics of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas in this Malaysian cohort were generally similar to those of other populations.

CONCLUSION: It appears that HPV is rare and an unlikely oncovirus in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas of Malaysians.

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms/microbiology*; Esophageal Neoplasms/mortality

Lymphocyte micronuclei frequencies in skin, haematological, prostate, colorectal and esophageal cancer cases: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Dhillon VS, Deo P, Bonassi S, Fenech M

Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res, 2021;787:108372.

PMID: 34083057 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2021.108372

Micronucleus (MN) assay has been widely used as a biomarker of DNA damage, chromosomal instability, cancer risk and accelerated aging in many epidemiological studies. In this narrative review and meta-analysis we assessed the association between lymphocyte micronuclei (MNi) and cancers of the skin, blood, digestive tract, and prostate. The review identified nineteen studies with 717 disease subjects and 782 controls. Significant increases in MRi for MNi were observed in the following groups: subjects with blood cancer (MRi = 3.98; 95 % CI: 1.98-7.99; p = 0.000) and colorectal cancer (excluding IBD) (MRi = 2.69; 95 % CI: 1.82-3.98, p

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms/genetics; Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology

Fulltext Anthropometric and reproductive factors and risk of esophageal and gastric cancer by subtype and subsite: Results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort

Sanikini H, Muller DC, Sophiea M, Rinaldi S, Agudo A, Duell EJ, et al.

Int J Cancer, 2020 Feb 15;146(4):929-942.

PMID: 31050823 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32386

Obesity has been associated with upper gastrointestinal cancers; however, there are limited prospective data on associations by subtype/subsite. Obesity can impact hormonal factors, which have been hypothesized to play a role in these cancers. We investigated anthropometric and reproductive factors in relation to esophageal and gastric cancer by subtype and subsite for 476,160 participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox models. During a mean follow-up of 14 years, 220 esophageal adenocarcinomas (EA), 195 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, 243 gastric cardia (GC) and 373 gastric noncardia (GNC) cancers were diagnosed. Body mass index (BMI) was associated with EA in men (BMI ≥30 vs. 18.5-25 kg/m2 : HR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.25-3.03) and women (HR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.15-6.19); however, adjustment for waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) attenuated these associations. After mutual adjustment for BMI and HC, respectively, WHR and waist circumference (WC) were associated with EA in men (HR = 3.47, 95% CI: 1.99-6.06 for WHR >0.96 vs. <0.91; HR = 2.67, 95% CI: 1.52-4.72 for WC >98 vs. <90 cm) and women (HR = 4.40, 95% CI: 1.35-14.33 for WHR >0.82 vs. <0.76; HR = 5.67, 95% CI: 1.76-18.26 for WC >84 vs. <74 cm). WHR was also positively associated with GC in women, and WC was positively associated with GC in men. Inverse associations were observed between parity and EA (HR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.14-0.99; >2 vs. 0) and age at first pregnancy and GNC (HR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.32-0.91; >26 vs. <22 years); whereas bilateral ovariectomy was positively associated with GNC (HR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.04-3.36). These findings support a role for hormonal pathways in upper gastrointestinal cancers.

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms/classification; Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology*

Fulltext General and abdominal obesity and risk of esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Steffen A, Huerta JM, Weiderpass E, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, May AM, Siersema PD, et al.

Int J Cancer, 2015 Aug 01;137(3):646-57.

PMID: 25598323 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29432

General obesity, as reflected by BMI, is an established risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), a suspected risk factor for gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCC) and appears unrelated to gastric non-cardia adenocarcinoma (GNCC). How abdominal obesity, as commonly measured by waist circumference (WC), relates to these cancers remains largely unexplored. Using measured anthropometric data from 391,456 individuals from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study and 11 years of follow-up, we comprehensively assessed the association of anthropometric measures with risk of EAC, GCC and GNCC using multivariable proportional hazards regression. One hundred twenty-four incident EAC, 193 GCC and 224 GNCC were accrued. After mutual adjustment, BMI was unrelated to EAC, while WC showed a strong positive association (highest vs. lowest quintile HR = 1.19; 95% CI, 0.63-2.22 and HR = 3.76; 1.72-8.22, respectively). Hip circumference (HC) was inversely related to EAC after controlling for WC, while WC remained positively associated (HR = 0.35; 0.18-0.68, and HR=4.10; 1.94-8.63, respectively). BMI was not associated with GCC or GNCC. WC was related to higher risks of GCC after adjustment for BMI and more strongly after adjustment for HC (highest vs. lowest quintile HR = 1.91; 1.09-3.37, and HR = 2.23; 1.28-3.90, respectively). Our study demonstrates that abdominal, rather than general, obesity is an indisputable risk factor for EAC and also provides evidence for a protective effect of gluteofemoral (subcutaneous) adipose tissue in EAC. Our study further shows that general obesity is not a risk factor for GCC and GNCC, while the role of abdominal obesity in GCC needs further investigation.

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms/etiology*; Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology*

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for lower esophageal submucosal cancer in an obese diabetic patient

Almulaifi AM, Lee WJ, Hong PE

Surg Obes Relat Dis, 2014 Nov-Dec;10(6):e73-5.

PMID: 25002323 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2014.04.013

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms/etiology; Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery*

Opposing trends in incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma in a multi-ethnic Asian country

Fernandes ML, Seow A, Chan YH, Ho KY

Am J Gastroenterol, 2006 Jul;101(7):1430-6.

PMID: 16863543

To describe the incidence trends in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma among the three major ethnic groups in Singapore from 1968 to 2002.

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms/ethnology*; Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology

Defining a global research and policy agenda for betel quid and areca nut

Mehrtash H, Duncan K, Parascandola M, David A, Gritz ER, Gupta PC, et al.

Lancet Oncol, 2017 12;18(12):e767-e775.

PMID: 29208442 DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30460-6

Betel quid and areca nut are known risk factors for many oral and oesophageal cancers, and their use is highly prevalent in the Asia-Pacific region. Additionally, betel quid and areca nut are associated with health effects on the cardiovascular, nervous, gastrointestinal, metabolic, respiratory, and reproductive systems. Unlike tobacco, for which the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control provides evidence-based policies for reducing tobacco use, no global policy exists for the control of betel quid and areca nut use. Multidisciplinary research is needed to address this neglected global public health emergency and to mobilise efforts to control betel quid and areca nut use. In addition, future research is needed to advance our understanding of the basic biology, mechanisms, and epidemiology of betel quid and areca nut use, to advance possible prevention and cessation programmes for betel quid and areca nut users, and to design evidence-based screening and early diagnosis programmes to address the growing burden of cancers that are associated with use.

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms/etiology; Esophageal Neoplasms/prevention & control*

18F-FDG PET/CT as a potential predictor of survival in patient with oesophageal cancer: a preliminary result

Fathinul Fikri AS, Dharmendran R, Vikneswaran P, Nordin AJ

Abdom Imaging, 2015 Aug;40(6):1457-64.

PMID: 25576048 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-014-0343-2

A study was undertaken to investigate the value of pretreatment PET-CT in predicting survival in patients with oesophageal cancer (OC).

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology; Esophageal Neoplasms/radiography*; Esophageal Neoplasms/radionuclide imaging*

Late presentation of esophageal cancer: observations in a multiracial South-East Asian population

Abdullah M, Karim AA, Goh KL

J Dig Dis, 2010 Feb;11(1):28-33.

PMID: 20132428 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-2980.2009.00410.x

Esophageal cancer (ECA) is an important cancer in Malaysia. The aim of the study is to review the demographic data and clinical presentation of patients with ECA seen at the University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur.

Matched MeSH terms: Esophageal Neoplasms/ethnology; Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology; Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology*

Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 43 in total