Breeding territoriality plays a role in determining the reproduction outcome of many passerines species. The spot-mapping was used to estimate the breeding territory size of a territorial male of Oriental Magpie robin (Cospychus saularis) at Dahlia College, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak which is located within Kota Samarahan. It was conducted by mapping the song perching locations established by a marked male. The breeding territory size of the male was estimated to be 0.78 hectares. The data analysis was done using Minimum Convex Polygon (MCP) which was constructed by using Google Earth Pro software. Study on breeding territory size of this bird species is crucial to understand more regarding the breeding behaviour of this species. Data on the behavior of this species could be used for future studies of this bird in Borneo.
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is an invasive diagnostic investigation that may result in high level of anxiety and “fear of the unknown” among cardiac patients. An increment in anxiety among PCI patients will augment the level of stress and this extreme stress level will then aggravate depression. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of anxiety and depression before and after PCI. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used. It measured two elements, namely, the anxiety and depression levels of patients before and after PCI. This study was conducted in the cardiology wards Anggerik and Dahlia, and Day Care of the National Heart Institute, from January to February 2006. A sample of 61 patients before and after PCI who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited in this study. Of these, 40 and 38 patients before and after PCI respectively, had low anxiety levels; while, 47 and 46 patients before and after PCI respectively, had low depression levels. Anxiety and depression levels before and after PCI were not significantly correlated to socio demographic status. However, a significant correlation (p