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Fulltext Factors associated with postpartum family planning in a cohort of Kelantanese women with previous caesarean delivery in Malaysia

Hafizah I, Tengku Alina TI, Suhaily MH, Zaharah S

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 2020;19(1):85-97.
MyJurnal

This community-based, cross-sectional study aimed to identify the factors associated with
postpartum family planning use among a cohort of women with recent caesarean delivery in a state with the
lowest contraceptive use in Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A total of 281 women aged between 18-49
years old who had caesarean delivery in government tertiary centres in Kelantan from January until April
2017 were enrolled in this study. The study was conducted from January until April 2018. Women were
selected through stratified random sampling with probability proportional to size. Data were collected
through a validated structured questionnaire. The main outcome was binary (postpartum family planning use
or non-use). The factors included socio-demographic details, reproductive history, previous contraceptive
use, contraceptive health education received, knowledge, and social support. Simple and multiple logistic
regression were conducted to identify significant determinants of postpartum family planning use. Results:
The factors associated with postpartum family planning use included a secondary and below education level
of women (AOR= 2.37, 95% CI (1.05, 5.34)), previous contraceptive use (AOR= 9.82, 95% CI (4.81, 20.06)),
individual health education (AOR= 4.19, 95% CI (1.23, 14.30)), higher knowledge score (AOR= 1.12, 95% CI
(1.03, 1.23)), and higher social support score (AOR= 1.09, 95% CI (1.03, 1.16)). Conclusions: here remains a
need to enhance personalised contraceptive counselling in the primary care setting as well as to promote
longer acting reversible contraceptive methods.
Fulltext Physicochemical characteristics and nutritional compositions of MR219 mutant rice and their effects on glycaemic responses in BALB/c mice

Asma Ilyani, K., *Rafii, M. Y, Sobri, H., Anna, L. P. K., Rahim, A. H., Mahmud, T. M. M., et al.

International Food Research Journal, 2019;26(5):1477-1484.
MyJurnal

The awareness of the general public on healthy foods has been a major concern and people are looking for the right variety of rice for diabetic patients. High amylose content rice with low glycaemic index (GI), which is an indicator of sugar release in the blood, is beneficial for human health. The present work was aimed to determine the physicochemical characteristics and nutritional compositions of MR219 mutant rice, and the effects of amylose content to blood glucose response and glycaemic index in field condition. A total of 31 M4 mutant lines (ML1 to ML31) were evaluated for physicochemical characteristics and nutritional compositions in comparison with the parental variety, MR219. In glycaemic response study, 48 female BALB/c mice were fed with glucose (a baseline), saline water, two check varieties (MR219 and MRQ74) and four selected mutant lines with different amylose contents. The physicochemical and proximate analysis revealed highly significant differences among the mutant lines. Some mutant lines improved amylose content and nutritional composition. Mutant ML3 had slightly higher amylose content than the parental variety and was recommended for glycaemic responses. However, the field experiment results showed two mutant lines namely; ML3 and ML30, having significantly lower glucose reading (5.49 mmol/L and 5.47 mmol/L, respectively) as compared to the parental variety and other mutant lines. The glucose level was found highest at 60 min after feeding but significantly dropped at 120 min. The normal glucose reading in ML3 and ML30 also resulted in moderate GI values (65% and 66%, respectively). As low and moderate GI foods are recommended for diabetic patients, ML3 and ML30 had high potential for their consumption, and can be suggested for further breeding program to develop low GI rice.
Fulltext Intention and actual exclusive breastfeeding practices among women admitted for elective cesarean delivery in Kelantan, Malaysia: A prospective cohort study

Nazirah J, Noraini M, Norkhafizah S, Tengku Alina TI, Zaharah S

Med J Malaysia, 2020 05;75(3):274-280.
PMID: 32467544

INTRODUCTION: The intention of a woman to breastfeed is one of the predictors of breastfeeding initiation and duration.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) intention among women admitted for elective cesarean delivery in Kelantan and their postnatal EBF practices.

METHODS: A total of 171 women, mostly Malays, admitted for elective cesarean delivery at two tertiary hospitals in Kelantan participated in this prospective cohort study. The Malay version of Infant Feeding Intentions (IFI) scale was administered one day before the surgery to determine the EBF intention, and follow-up phone calls were made at one month, three months, and six months after delivery to determine the actual EBF practices.

RESULTS: Before delivery, 86.5%, 82.5% and 77.2% of the women somewhat agreed or very much agreed to practice EBF for 1, 3 and 6 months respectively and the actual EBF practices after delivery were 80.1%, 59.6%, and 42.1%. Women who had the intention to practice EBF for 6 months were about 2 times more likely to practice EBF for 6 months than those who did not have the intention to EBF (OR 2.19, 95% CI: 1.01-4.76). No significant association was found between EBF intention and the actual EBF practices at 1 month and 3 months postnatal.

CONCLUSIONS: The number of women who practiced EBF after cesarean delivery was lower than those who had the intention prior to delivery. The number further declined as the child grew older. Prenatal EBF intention was associated with actual postnatal EBF practices at 6 months.
Development of perceptions and attitudes towards Intimate Partner Violence questionnaire for premarital young adults

Wan Soliha WMH, Tengku Alina TI, Anis Kausar G, Zaharah S

Med J Malaysia, 2021 09;76(5):658-664.
PMID: 34508371

OBJECTIVE: The age of young adults is a critical period as they start to explore intimate relationship and prepare for marriage. Although instruments on intimate partner violence (IPV) are available, few include potential predictors of this violent behaviors such as perceptions and attitudes. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a questionnaire to assess perceptions and attitudes toward IPV among premarital young adults.
METHODS: The questionnaire was developed in two stages: item development and scale development. Two forms of validity evidence were applied, which were content validity index (CVI) and face validity index (FVI), to estimate the content validity, response process and internal structure of the tool. This cross-sectional study was conducted among premarital young adults in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. The questionnaire assessed perceptions and attitudes toward IPV on six related components, which were its forms, causes, impacts, supports, acceptance and willingness to disclose.
RESULTS: CVI values for both perceptions and attitudes domains were more than 0.83. Five of the components have few items with low agreement by experts, hence those items were dropped. FVI values for the six domains among premarital young adults were at least 0.83, thus all these items were retained. The final result of development of this questionnaire were 64 items for perceptions and 23 items for attitudes, with five-Likert scale response option.
CONCLUSION: The newly developed tool, named as MYPAIPVQ, is valid based on content validity and face validity to assess perceptions and attitudes toward intimate partner violence among premarital young adults. Before it can be used, further validation studies should be conducted to determine its psychometric properties.
Fulltext Metoprolol for prophylaxis of postoperative atrial fibrillation in cardiac surgery patients: systematic review and meta-analysis

Norhayati MN, Shaiful Bahari I, Zaharah S, Nik Hazlina NH, Mohammad Aimanazrul Z, Irfan M

BMJ Open, 2020 10 31;10(10):e038364.
PMID: 33130564 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038364

PURPOSE: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a potentially lethal and morbid complication after open heart surgery. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate metoprolol compared with other treatments for prophylaxis against POAF.
METHODS: We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE and trial registries for randomised controlled trials that evaluated metoprolol for preventing the occurrence of POAF after surgery against other treatments or placebo. Random-effects model was used for estimating the risk ratios (RRs) and mean differences with 95% CIs.
RESULTS: Nine trials involving 1570 patients showed metoprolol reduced POAF compared with placebo (416 patients; RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.66; I²=21%; risk difference (RD) -0.19, 95% CI -0.28 to -0.10). However, metoprolol increased the risk of POAF compared with carvedilol (159 patients; RR 1.59, 95% CI 1.20 to 2.12; I²=4%; RD 0.13, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.20). There was no difference when compared with sotalol or amiodarone. The occurrence of cardiovascular conditions after drugs administration or death between the groups was not different. The overall quality of evidence was moderate to high. Subgroup analysis and funnel plot were not performed.
CONCLUSIONS: Metoprolol is effective in preventing POAF compared with placebo and showed no difference with class III antiarrhythmic drugs. Death and thromboembolism are associated with open heart surgery, but not significant in relation to the use of metoprolol.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42019131585.
Fulltext Perceptions and practice of exclusive breastfeeding among Malay women in Kelantan, Malaysia: a qualitative approach

Tengku AT, Wan AM, Zaharah S, Rohana AJ, Nik Normanieza NM

Malays J Nutr, 2012 Apr;18(1):15-25.
PMID: 23717858 MyJurnal

Despite evidence from various studies on exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) being best for infants, many women do not or are unable to practise EBF. This study aimed to examine perceptions on EBF and its influencing factors among a sample of Malay women in rural and urban areas in Kelantan, Malaysia.
Validity and reliability of the Malay version of WHOQOL-HIV BREF in patients with HIV infection

Saddki N, Noor MM, Norbanee TH, Rusli MA, Norzila Z, Zaharah S, et al.

AIDS Care, 2009 Oct;21(10):1271-8.
PMID: 20024703 DOI: 10.1080/09540120902803216

This study determines the validity and reliability of the Malay version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) assessment instrument in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A cross-sectional study on 157 patients with HIV seen at the Infectious Disease Unit, Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II, Kota Bharu, Kelantan was conducted. Factor analysis identified five major domains: physical needs, spirituality, social relationship, psychological, and environment. Significant correlation was found between each domain scores and the general health questions. The instrument was able to discriminate between asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV positive patients for all domain scores except for the spirituality domain. The internal consistency of the five domains ranged from 0.70 to 0.83. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) ranged from 0.60 to 0.87 across all domains. In conclusion, the Malay version of WHOQOL-HIV BREF is a valid and reliable instrument in assessing quality of life in HIV positive patients.