Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 29 in total

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  1. Shetty S, Udupa S, Udupa L
    Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2008 Mar;5(1):95-101.
    PMID: 18317555 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nem004
    In recent years, oxidative stress and free radicals have been implicated in impaired wound healing. Ocimum sanctum (O. sanctum), a plant widely used in Ayurveda, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The present study was undertaken to assess the potential of alcoholic and aqueous extracts in wound healing in Wistar albino rats. The rats were divided into five groups of six animals each. Group 1 is normal wounded control and the other four groups were treated with two different doses each of alcoholic and aqueous extract of O. sanctum. The wound healing parameters were evaluated by using incision, excision and dead space wounds in extract-treated rats and controls. Both the doses of alcoholic and aqueous extract significantly increased wound breaking strength, hydroxyproline, hexuronic acid, hexosamines, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione and significantly decreased percentage of wound contraction and lipid peroxidation when compared with the control group. The results suggest that O. sanctum has antioxidant properties, which may be responsible and favorable for faster wound healing and this plant extract may be useful in the management of abnormal healing and hypertropic scars.
  2. Shetty S, Udupa S, Udupa L, Somayaji N
    Indian J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 2006 Apr-Jun;50(2):163-8.
    PMID: 17051736
    The present study was performed to evaluate the wound healing and antioxidant effect of aqueous extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn. (O. sanctum) in rats. Albino rats of either sex were divided into 2 groups. Group I: Wounded control rats; Group II: Wounded rats administered O. sanctum aqueous extract. Wound breaking strength in incision wound model, epithelization period and percent wound contraction in excision wound model were studied. Using dead space wound model, granulation tissue breaking strength, granulation tissue dry weight, hydoxyproline level in dry granulation tissue, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase levels in wet granulation tissue were estimated in both the groups. Increased wound breaking strength, decreased epithelization period, increased percent wound contraction, increased granulation tissue weight and hydroxyproline concentrations were observed. The increased activity of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, catalase level in extract treated group compared to controls. Granulation tissue was subjected to histopathological examination to determine the pattern of lay-down for collagen using Haematoxylin and Eosin stains which confirm the results. Owing to wound healing and antioxidant activities, O. sanctum may be useful in the management of abnormal healing such as keloids and hypertrophic scars.
  3. Nayak SB, Shetty SD, Vasudeva SK
    Morphologie, 2021 Jun 16.
    PMID: 34147369 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2021.06.001
    Gall bladder is known for many congenital anomalies such as duplication, intrahepatic position, floating position etc. Most of its anomalies can be detected in ultrasound examination and radiography. We report an extremely rare congenital anomaly of gall bladder as observed in a male cadaver during dissection classes. The gall bladder was totally enclosed in the right free margin of the lesser omentum, in front of the usual contents of the right free margin of lesser omentum. The size, shape and blood supply of the gall bladder were normal. Though this anomaly might not cause any functional disturbances, it might result in complications during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
  4. Fun HK, Chia TS, Shetty S, Kalluraya B, Nithinchandra
    Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online, 2012 Oct 1;68(Pt 10):o3055-6.
    PMID: 23125816 DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812039815
    In the title compound, C(22)H(19)N(5)OS·H(2)O, the naphthalene ring system and the benzene ring [dihedral angle = 85.19 (8)°] make dihedral angles of 87.02 (9) and 14.41 (10)°, respectively, with the pyrazole ring. The mean plane through the 2-methyl-enehydrazinecarbothio-amide group [C-N-N-C(=S)-N; maximum deviation = 0.022 (1) Å] is slightly twisted from the pyrazole ring [dihedral angle = 5.60 (11)°]. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯S, N-H⋯O, O-H⋯S, O-H⋯N and C-H⋯S hydrogen bonds into sheets parallel to the ab plane. π-π inter-actions are also observed [centroid-to-centroid distances = 3.7778 (12) and 3.7010 (12) Å].
  5. Nayak SB, Shetty SD, Packirisamy V, Vasudeva SK
    Morphologie, 2021 May 05.
    PMID: 33965324 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2021.04.003
    Jejunum is drained into superior mesenteric vein through a series of jejunal veins. The way in which the first jejunal vein terminates is of great importance in upper abdominal surgery and radiological procedures. Knowledge of its variations is particularly important in surgical procedures like orthotropic hepatic transplantation, hepatic vein reconstruction, pancreatic surgery and surgical procedures of duodenojejunal junction. We saw a first jejunal vein opening directly into the portal vein. Further, the inferior mesenteric vein drained into the first jejunal vein. This case could be useful to gastroenterologists, general surgeons and radiologists.
  6. Satheesha Nayak B, Shetty SD, Sirasanagandla SR, Kumar N, Swamy Ravindra S, Abhinitha P
    Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ), 2019 11 16;16(64):345-347.
    PMID: 31729351
    Celiac trunk is the first ventral branch of the abdominal aorta. It usually terminates by giving three branches; the common hepatic artery, the left gastric artery and the splenic artery. We report a rare variation of the branching pattern of the celiac trunk. The Celiac trunk divided into two branches; left gastric artery and splenicogastroduodenal trunk. The splenico-gastroduodenal trunk divided into splenic and gastroduodenal arteries. The superior mesenteric artery and hepatic artery took origin from a common hepato-mesenteric trunk. The hepatic artery had a winding course around the portal vein and hepatic duct. The knowledge of these variations is important while doing radiological investigations and liver transplant and pancreatic surgeries.
  7. Shetty S, Umakanth S, Manandhar B, Nepali PB
    BMJ Case Rep, 2018 Mar 15;2018.
    PMID: 29545426 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-222352
    Leprosy and tuberculosis (TB) are endemic to India, however, their coinfection is not frequently encountered in clinical practice. Here, we report a 32-year-old female patient who presented with a history of high-grade intermittent fever, cough and painless skin lesions since a month, along with bilateral claw hand (on examination). The haematological profile was suggestive of anaemia of chronic disease, chest radiograph showed consolidation, sputum smears were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and skin slit smear confirmed leprosy. The patient was prescribed WHO recommended multidrug therapy for multibacillary leprosy with three drugs. Additionally, prednisolone was added to her regimen for 2 weeks to treat the type 2 lepra reaction. For treatment of TB, she was placed on the standard 6-month short course chemotherapy. She was lost to follow-up, and attempts were made to contact her. Later, it came to our notice that she had discontinued medications and passed away 3 months after diagnosis.
  8. Dhunputh P, Acharya R, Umakanth S, Shetty SM, Mohammed AP, Saraswat PP
    Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ), 2021 11 26;19(74):248-252.
    PMID: 34819445
    Background Thrombocytopenia is a common haematological abnormality noted in clinical practice, however, it can be missed in cases where specific investigations are not asked for. Acute Febrile Illness with thrombocytopenia is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, as thrombocytopenia has an inverse relation to mortality and morbidity in various febrile illnesses. Vector-borne and zoonotic diseases (like malaria, dengue, scrub typhus, and leptospirosis), infections and sepsis are some of the common causes of fever with thrombocytopenia. Objective To identify the causes of fever with thrombocytopenia, assess the clinical complications associated with febrile thrombocytopenia, and overall study the clinical profile of thrombocytopenia in a tertiary care hospital Method Medical records of all adult patients, admitted to a tertiary level hospital, with fever and thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 1,00,000 /mm3 ) were assessed (from October 2009 to March 2011). Detailed case history, general physical examination findings, routine and specific examinations were recorded according to a pre-decided format. Data were analysed using SPSS 16.0 Result Acute febrile illness with thrombocytopenia was most commonly seen in Dengue patients. Headache and arthralgia were more commonly encountered in scrub typhus. Platelet transfusions were necessitated in a large number of patients, especially in scrub typhus. Malaria patients had the highest mortality rate. Conclusion Acute Febrile Illnesses (AFI) are of varied origins, and proper diagnosis is imperative. The degree of thrombocytopenia in infections has a prognostic value. It can also help in differential diagnosis and clear identification of aetiology of acute febrile illnesses. Timely identification and management of thrombocytopenia in acute febrile illness can positively impact the overall patient outcome.
  9. Prabhakar P, Rao N, Kairanna NV, Shetty S, Singh VK
    Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2022 Dec;74(Suppl 3):6112-6118.
    PMID: 36742835 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-021-02764-w
    Oncocytes are epithelial cells having abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. The presence of oncocytes in salivary glands pose a diagnostic challenge since they can be present in lesions ranging from non-neoplastic, benign to malignant. FNAC is a simple procedure which can aid in the pre-operative diagnosis of these lesions. This study is an eight year retrospective study in which salivary gland aspiration cytology cases having oncocytic cells and with available corresponding histopathology were included. These slides were reviewed for features like cellularity, presence of oncocytic cells, glandular elements, squamoid cells, nuclear atypia, mitosis, lymphoid tissue, necrosis. Twenty cases were included in the study. The mean age of presentation was 60 years showing male preponderance with parotid gland being the most common site of involvement. Concordant diagnosis on cytology and histopathology was seen in 16 cases and discordance was seen in 4 cases. All the discordant cases were reported as benign on cytology but on histopathology they were labelled as acinic cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma and an intraparotid lymph node respectively. Review of discordant cases showed subtle findings like ill-formed acini, cytoplasmic vacuolation, goblet cells and dysplastic foci raising suspicion of a different diagnosis. The potential areas of pitfall and cause of discrepancy have been discussed in this study. It is crucial to be aware of the spectrum of lesions in which oncocytes are seen, to enable an accurate diagnosis on cytology. Careful evaluation of smears for subtle clues can minimize errors.
  10. Kumar V, Narayanan P, Shetty S, Mohammed AP
    BMJ Case Rep, 2021 Mar 01;14(3).
    PMID: 33649026 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-240267
    COVID-19 is caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 and is a potentially fatal disease that is of great global public health concern. In addition to respiratory symptoms, neurological manifestations have been associated with COVID-19. This is attributed to the neurotropic nature of coronaviruses. The authors present a case of Bell's palsy associated with COVID-19 in a term primigravida.
  11. Shetty S, Maiya GA, Kg MR, Vijayan S, George BM
    Musculoskeletal Care, 2024 Sep;22(3):e1930.
    PMID: 39180196 DOI: 10.1002/msc.1930
    BACKGROUND: Core muscles constitute the centre of the kinetic chain, and core exercises have been effective in improving outcomes in many postsurgical lower extremity musculoskeletal conditions. However, the literature on the implementation of core exercises after TKA has not been summarised.

    OBJECTIVE: The objective was to review the evidence on the effect of core exercises on clinical and functional outcomes after TKA in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

    METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and ProQuest databases were explored with appropriate keywords for studies published on the effect of core exercises on TKA from inception to 1 April 2024. Two authors independently screened the titles and abstracts and full-texts, and a third author solved the discrepancies. Risk of bias assessment was done with the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal tool. The final articles were systematically summarised.

    RESULTS: A total of 1485 records were retrieved. Sixty-four articles were included for screening full-texts, and four articles were ultimately included. Core exercises were administered for three to 6 weeks. The administration of core exercises along with the standard knee rehabilitation programme significantly improved balance, mobility, knee function, transverse abdominis muscle thickness, transversus abdominis contraction, and quality of life after TKA (p 

  12. Shah AY, Suchdev PS, Mitchell T, Shetty S, Warner C, Oladele A, et al.
    J Immigr Minor Health, 2014 Oct;16(5):959-67.
    PMID: 23828627 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-013-9867-8
    This study determines the nutritional status among refugee children entering one of the largest resettlement counties in the United States and identifies differences between incoming populations. Medical records of all newly arriving pediatric refugees (0-18 years) entering DeKalb County, Georgia between October 2010 and July 2011 were reviewed. Refugee children were grouped as African, Bhutanese, or Burmese (resettling from either Thailand or Malaysia) for comparative analysis. Approximately one in five refugees were anemic or malnourished, while a quarter had stool parasites, and nearly half had dental caries. African refugees had the highest anemia but the lowest underweight prevalence (p < 0.05). Compared to Burmese resettling from Malaysia, Burmese children from Thailand had a higher prevalence of anemia, underweight, and stool parasites (p < 0.05). Clinicians should use CDC medical screening guidelines for newly arriving pediatric refugees, as well as ensure proper nutritional support and follow-up care.
  13. Karkada G, Maiya GA, Houreld NN, Arany P, Rao Kg M, Adiga S, et al.
    Arch Physiol Biochem, 2020 Dec 28.
    PMID: 33370535 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1861025
    CONTEXT: Delayed wound healing in diabetes mellitus (DM) is due to the overlapping phases of the healing process. The prolonged inflammation and altered levels of inflammatory cytokines lead to deformed cell proliferation. Photobiomodulation alleviates the expression of inflammatory cytokines and promotes tissue repair, thereby restoring the wound healing process.

    OBJECTIVE: To find out the effect of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in the healing dynamics of diabetic wounds with particular emphasis on interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and tumour necrosis factor-α.

    METHODS: Scientific databases searched using keywords of the population: DM, intervention: PBMT, and outcomes: inflammatory cytokines.

    RESULTS: We have included five preclinical studies in the present systematic review for qualitative analysis. These studies evaluated the effect of PBMT at different wavelengths, dosage, and time on wound healing in DM.

    CONCLUSIONS: The systematic review concludes that PBMT regulates inflammatory cytokines levels, enhances cell proliferation, and migration, thereby improving the wound healing properties.

  14. Gupta N, Saravu K, Varma M, Pm A, Shetty S, Umakanth S
    J Trop Pediatr, 2021 01 29;67(1).
    PMID: 33280033 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmaa081
    The susceptibility of children to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and transmission of COVID-19 from children to others is a relatively unexplored area. The aim of this study was to understand the transmission dynamics of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in children. This was a retrospective observational study where a total of 19 paediatric index cases (including a set of twins) with COVID-19 and 42 primary contacts (adults-36, paediatric-6) from the immediate family members were included. All the index cases and four of the five positive contacts were asymptomatic. Despite adults staying with positive children in the same vehicle, same room in the quarantine centre and the same ward, only four of the parents became positive.
  15. Jayaraj R, Shaw P, Shetty S, Kumaraswamy C, Gothandam KM, Ravishankar Ram M, et al.
    Br J Cancer, 2021 05;124(11):1891-1892.
    PMID: 33846522 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01348-3
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