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Fulltext Is portable three-dimensional ultrasound a valid technique for measurement of postpartum urinary bladder volume?

Nusee Z, Ibrahim N, Rus RM, Ismail H

Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol, 2014 Mar;53(1):12-6.
PMID: 24767639 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2013.01.028

To determine the accuracy of bladder volume (BV) measurement and to identify factors that influenced the ultrasound bladder scanner (UBS) measurement of BV in postpartum women compared with transurethral catheterization.
Fulltext Knowledge, attitude and practice of sawmill workers towards noise-induced hearing loss in kota bharu, kelantan

Rus RM, Daud A, Musa KI, Naing L

Malays J Med Sci, 2008 Oct;15(4):28-34.
PMID: 22589635

The purpose of this study was to determine the sawmill workers' knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) in relation to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 83 workers from 3 factories in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Questionnaires were distributed to obtain the socio-demography, knowledge, attitude and practice level in relation to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). The weak areas identified in the knowledge section were treatment aspects (15.5%), signs and symptoms of NIHL (20.2%) and risk factors (31%). As for attitude; the prevention aspects were the lowest (25.3%), followed by risk taking attitude (26.2%), and causes of hearing loss (42.1%). Overall, the practice was not encouraging at all. It is important to have an education program to raise workers' awareness and to improve their attitude and practices towards noise-induced hearing loss.
Impact of parental perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms trajectories on early parent-infant impaired bonding: a cohort study in east and west coasts of Malaysia

Nasreen HE, Pasi HB, Aris MAM, Rahman JA, Rus RM, Edhborg M

Arch Womens Ment Health, 2022 Apr;25(2):377-387.
PMID: 34313824 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-021-01165-w

The association between maternal depressive and anxiety symptoms and impaired bonding with infants were widely studied, but not in fathers and none in Malaysia. We investigated the impact of different trajectories of perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms on parent-infant impaired bonding during 2-3 months postpartum in both mothers and fathers in two areas of Malaysia. This study originated from a psychiatric morbidity cohort study carried out in health clinics in east and west Malaysia. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and anxiety subscale of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale at late pregnancy and 2-3 months postpartum and Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire were completed by 566 mothers and 457 fathers. About 11.7% mothers and 16.1% fathers reported depressive symptoms during pregnancy, 6.5% mothers and 10.5% fathers during 2-3 months postpartum, and 3-4% mothers and fathers both depressive and anxiety symptoms 2-3 months postpartum. The mean impaired bonding score was highest in mothers and fathers who had both depressive and anxiety symptoms 2-3 months postpartum. Impaired bonding is associated with higher EPDS and DASS (anxiety subscale) scores 2-3 months postpartum in both parents. Physical partner violence and deteriorated marital relationship were associated with increased risk of impaired bonding in mothers. The association between depressive, anxiety, and comorbidity of depressive and anxiety symptoms in both mothers and fathers and parent-infant impaired bonding during 2-3 months postpartum urges for screening and treatment of depressive and anxiety symptoms in both parents during early parenthood.
Fulltext Prevalence and determinants of antepartum depressive and anxiety symptoms in expectant mothers and fathers: results from a perinatal psychiatric morbidity cohort study in the east and west coasts of Malaysia

Nasreen HE, Rahman JA, Rus RM, Kartiwi M, Sutan R, Edhborg M

BMC Psychiatry, 2018 06 15;18(1):195.
PMID: 29902985 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-018-1781-0

BACKGROUND: Research on antepartum psychiatric morbidities investigating depressive and anxiety symptoms in expectant mothers and fathers is lacking in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of antepartum depressive, anxiety and co-occurring significant symptoms and explore the associated factors in a cross-section of Malaysian expectant mothers and fathers.

METHODS: We used cross-sectional data from a prospective cohort study of 911 expectant mothers and 587 expectant fathers during their third trimester of pregnancy, from health clinics of two states in the east and west coasts of Malaysia. The validated Malay version of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the anxiety sub-scale of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale were used to measure the depressive and anxiety symptoms. Multiple logistic regression analyses identified the determinants of antepartum depressive and anxiety symptoms (ADS and AAS).

RESULTS: Prevalence of ADS was 12.2% in expectant mothers and 8.4% in expectant fathers, while AAS was 28.8% in expectant mothers and 13.3% in expectant fathers, and co-occurring significant symptoms was 8.0% in expectant mothers and 4.0% in expectant fathers. Expectant mothers and fathers having perceived social/family support were less likely to suffer from ADS. Intimate partner violence, poor relationship with husbands, depression in earlier pregnancy and husband's depression in current pregnancy in expectant mothers, and living in rented house, sex preference for the unborn child, stressful life events and wife's depression in current pregnancy in expectant fathers were associated with a greater likelihood of ADS. The determinants for AAS were living in rented house and with parents/in-laws, poor relationship with husbands, restrictions during pregnancy and stressful life events for expectant mothers, and stressful life events and being unsupportive towards wives in household chores for expectant fathers.

CONCLUSION: Both ADS and AAS are prevalent in expectant mothers and fathers, and largely an undetected problem in Malaysia. Administration of couple-based screening and referral program during antenatal check-up should be universal practices to identify and treat the psychiatric morbidities.
Fulltext Prevalence of Postconcussion Syndrome after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Young Adults from a Single Neurosurgical Center in East Coast of Malaysia

Balakrishnan B, Rus RM, Chan KH, Martin AG, Awang MS

Asian J Neurosurg, 2019 4 3;14(1):201-205.
PMID: 30937035 DOI: 10.4103/ajns.AJNS_49_18

Context: Postconcussion syndrome (PCS) is a set of symptoms occurred after a mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). Aims: This study aims to determine the prevalence of PCS in a young adult population from a single Neurological Centre in Malaysia's East Coast and to evaluate the factors associated with PCS in MTBI patients.
Settings and Design: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a Neurological Centre at Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, from January 2016 to December 2016.
Subjects and Methods: A total of 209 patients; 133 males and 76 females, in the age range of 16-84 years, were randomly recruited for this study. All the selected patients were subjected to the checklist for diagnosis of PCS as per International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th edition classification at a 2-week interval.
Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive statistic and Multivariable Logistic Regression Model were used for frequency and percentage analyses of categorical variables, using SPSS version 23.0.
Results: Only 20 patients were identified with PCS. There were more female (70%) patients with PCS than the male (30%) patients. The prevalence of PCS for 2 weeks, 3 and 6 months since injuries were 9.6%, 8.1%, and 8.1% respectively. Majority (80%) of the patients were found to have PCS due to road traffic accidents, while the remaining were attributed to assault (15%), and falls (5%). Among the sample population, 25% were smokers, while 10% of them had either skull fracture or premorbidity.
Conclusion: Less than 10% of patients with MTBI had PCS after 6 months' following trauma. None of the variables tested were significant factors for the development of PCS symptoms.
Fulltext Impact of maternal antepartum depressive and anxiety symptoms on birth outcomes and mode of delivery: a prospective cohort study in east and west coasts of Malaysia

Nasreen HE, Pasi HB, Rifin SM, Aris MAM, Rahman JA, Rus RM, et al.

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 2019 Jun 14;19(1):201.
PMID: 31200677 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-019-2349-9

BACKGROUND: Antepartum depressive and anxiety symptoms (ADS and AAS) are prevalent in Malaysia. Prior evidence linking maternal ADS and AAS with adverse birth outcomes and caesarean section (CS) or instrumental delivery is conflicting. There is no research in Malaysia on the association between maternal mental disorders and adverse birth outcomes and mode of delivery. This study aims to investigate the independent effect of maternal ADS and AAS on low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth (PTB) and CS or instrumental delivery among women in east and west coasts of Malaysia.
METHODS: We used data from a prospective cohort study of 799 pregnant women from health clinics of two states in east and west coasts of Malaysia. Baseline data were measured at the third trimester of pregnancy on ADS, AAS, socioeconomic condition, anthropometric status, reproductive history and intimate partner violence. Birth outcomes and mode of delivery were determined at the time of delivery. Univariate and multiple Cox's regressions were applied to assess the association between ADS and AAS and LBW, PTB and CS or instrumental delivery.
RESULTS: ADS was significantly associated with an increased risk of giving birth to LBW babies in both east coast (RR = 3.64; 95% CI 1.79-7.40) and west coast (RR = 3.82; 95% CI 1.86-7.84), but not with PTB. AAS was associated with increased risk of both LBW (RR = 2.47; 95% CI 1.39-4.38) and PTB (RR = 2.49; 95% CI 1.16-5.36) in the east coast, but not in west coast. The risk of CS or instrumental delivery was evident among women with ADS (RR = 2.44; 95% CI 1.48-4.03) in west coast only.
CONCLUSION: ADS predicts LBW in both coasts, AAS predicts LBW and PTB in east coast, and ADS predicts CS or instrumental delivery in west coast. Policies aimed at detection and management of ADS and AAS during antenatal check-up in health clinics may help improve birth outcomes and reduce obstetric interventions.