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Anti-endotoxin effects of terpenoids fraction from Hygrophila auriculata in lipopolysaccharide-induced septic shock in rats

Hussain MS, Azam F, Ahamed KF, Ravichandiran V, Alkskas I

Pharm Biol, 2016 Apr;54(4):628-36.
PMID: 26428681 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1070877

Hygrophila auriculata (K. Schum) Heine (Acanthaceae) has been traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments such as inflammation, rheumatism, jaundice and malaria.
Quercetin-Decorated Curcumin Liposome Design for Cancer Therapy: In-Vitro and In-Vivo Studies

Ravichandiran V, Masilamani K, Senthilnathan B, Maheshwaran A, Wong TW, Roy P

Curr Drug Deliv, 2017;14(8):1053-1059.
PMID: 27572089 DOI: 10.2174/1567201813666160829100453

BACKGROUND: Curcumin is a yellow polyphenolic chemopreventive agent isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa. It is approved as Generally Regarded as Safe by US FDA. Nonetheless, its clinical success is limited due to its poor aqueous solubility, fast metabolism and short biological half-life attributes.
OBJECTIVE: Quercetin-decorated liposomes of curcumin (QCunp) are perceived to be able to overcome these biopharmaceutical drawbacks.
METHODS: Curcumin liposomes with/without quercetin were prepared by lipid hydration technique. The liposomes were characterized for their particle size, zeta potential, surface morphology, drug loading and release characteristics. The toxicity of the liposomes were evaluated in-vitro and their invivo efficacy were tested against Dalton's ascites lymphoma in mice.
RESULTS: Liposomes designed showed particle size of 261.8 ± 2.1 nm with a negative zeta potential of -22.6±1.6 mV. Quercetin decorated liposomes were more effective in increasing the life span and body weight of lymphoma inflicted mice compared to those without quercetin. Similarly, the presence of quercetin also contributed to enhanced cytotoxicity of the liposomal formulation towards HT-29 cells and HCT-15 cells.
CONCLUSION: Newer liposomal design exhibited promising potential to emerge as alternative anticancer therapeutics.
Fulltext Promising upshot of silver nanoparticles primed from Gracilaria crassa against bacterial pathogens

Lavakumar V, Masilamani K, Ravichandiran V, Venkateshan N, Saigopal DV, Ashok Kumar CK, et al.

Chem Cent J, 2015;9:42.
PMID: 26251669 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-015-0120-5

The study on newer antimicrobial agent from metal based nano materials has augmented in recent years for the management of multidrug resistance microorganisms. In our present investigation, we synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNP's) from red algae, Gracilaria crassa as beginning material which effectively condensed the silver ions to silver nanoparticles with less price tag and no risk.
Fulltext Rays of immunity: Role of sunshine vitamin in management of COVID-19 infection and associated comorbidities

Udaya Kumar V, Pavan G, Murti K, Kumar R, Dhingra S, Haque M, et al.

Clin Nutr ESPEN, 2021 Dec;46:21-32.
PMID: 34857198 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.727

The catastrophic pandemic engendered due to the Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak which causes severe clinical afflictions on the respiratory system has severely high morbidity and mortality rates. The requirement of novel compounds is at utmost importance due to lack of targeted drug molecule to treat the afflictions and restrict the viral infection and for the usage of prophylactic treatment to avoid the spread of the infection is of utmost importance. Vitamin D is one such naturally available multifunctional molecule, which plays an eminent role in the immune system and instigation of numerous cellular pathways further promoting health benefits and enhancing the human quality of life. This article reviews the current standpoint scenario and future prevalence of vitamin D supplementation in the management of covid-19 patients. Novel findings of Vitamin D suggest that along with regulation of cell growth, neuroprotective and mood-stabilizing effects, it regulates the immune response also modulate cytokine Interleukin-6 (IL-6) by inducing progesterone-induced blocking factor (PIBF), given the IL-6 levels are considerably high in COVID-19 patients which increases the further complications. Vitamin D also have its effect on angiotensin converting enzyme (ACEII) inhibitor through which the COVID-19 virus makes cell entry. Numerous research data elucidate the play of Vitamin D, in complications of COVID-19 including the most common comorbid conditions, neurological manifestations and immunological aspects makes it an ideal molecule for adjuvant therapy. Including Vitamin D as add-on therapy in the management of COVID-19 might aid the arrest of infection and helps fight this arduous epidemic.
Fulltext Menace of antimicrobial resistance in LMICs: Current surveillance practices and control measures to tackle hostility

Sharma A, Singh A, Dar MA, Kaur RJ, Charan J, Iskandar K, et al.

J Infect Public Health, 2022 Feb;15(2):172-181.
PMID: 34972026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.12.008

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is significant challenge humanity faces today, with many patients losing their lives every year due to AMR. It is more widespread and has shown a higher prevalence in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to lack of awareness and other associated reasons. WHO has suggested some crucial guidelines and specific strategies such as antimicrobial stewardship programs taken at the institutional level to combat AMR. Creating awareness at the grassroots level can help to reduce the AMR and promote safe and effective use of antimicrobials. Control strategies in curbing AMR also comprise hygiene and sanitation as microbes travel from contaminated surroundings to the human body surface. As resistance to multiple drugs increases, vaccines can play a significant role in curbing the menace of AMR. This article summarizes the current surveillance practices and applied control measures to tackle the hostility in these countries with particular reference to the role of antimicrobial stewardship programs and the responsibilities of regulatory authorities in managing the situation.
An evidence-based review of neuronal cholesterol role in dementia and statins as a pharmacotherapy in reducing risk of dementia

Dutta S, Rahman S, Ahmad R, Kumar T, Dutta G, Banerjee S, et al.

Expert Rev Neurother, 2021 12;21(12):1455-1472.
PMID: 34756134 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2021.2003705

INTRODUCTION: Dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder impairing memory and cognition. Alzheimer's Disease, followed by vascular dementia - the most typical form. Risk factors for vascular dementia include diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia. Lipids' levels are significantly associated with vascular changes in the brain.
AREAS COVERED: The present article reviews the cholesterol metabolism in the brain, which includes: the synthesis, transport, storage, and elimination process. Additionally, it reviews the role of cholesterol in the pathogenesis of dementia and statin as a therapeutic intervention in dementia. In addition to the above, it further reviews evidence in support of as well as against statin therapy in dementia, recent updates of statin pharmacology, and demerits of use of statin pharmacotherapy.
EXPERT OPINION: Amyloid-β peptides and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles are markers of Alzheimer's disease. Evidence shows cholesterol modulates the functioning of enzymes associated with Amyloid-β peptide processing and synthesis. Lowering cholesterol using statin may help prevent or delay the progression of dementia. This paper reviews the role of statin in dementia and recommends extensive future studies, including genetic research, to obtain a precise medication approach for patients with dementia.