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Fulltext Analysis of Reasons for Orthopaedic Walkouts from the Emergency Department in a Private Tertiary Care Centre

Roy KD, Sharma GM, Qureshi F, Wadia F

Malays Orthop J, 2020 Nov;14(3):137-142.
PMID: 33403074 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2011.021

Introduction: A small proportion of patients presenting to the Emergency department (ED) of any hospital tend to take discharge against medical advice (DAMA) due to several patient related or hospital/service related reasons. Amongst these, orthopaedic patients are a special group due to their inability to mobilise independently due to injuries and have treatment needs which involve higher costs. The aim of the current study was to ascertain and analyse the reasons for orthopaedic walkouts at a tertiary care new private hospital.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective telephonic structured interview-based study was carried out on all orthopaedic patients taking DAMA during a one-year period from July 2016 to June 2017. They were telephonically interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Hospital and ED records were analysed for demographic as well as temporal characteristics.
Results: A total of 68 orthopaedic patients walked out of casualty against medical advice out of a total 775 (8.77%) orthopaedic patients presenting during the period as against 6.4% overall rate of DAMA for all specialties. The main reasons for DAMA were financial unaffordability of treatment (36.7%), preference for another orthopaedic surgeon (22%) and on advice of the patient's General Practitioner (16.1%).
Conclusion: Unaffordability of treatment is a significant cause for walkouts amongst orthopaedic patients. Private hospitals need to recognise and implement processes by which these patients can be treated at affordable costs and with coverage either by medical insurance or robust charity programs. Patient education and awareness are important to encourage them to have insurance coverage.
Fulltext Connectedness of COVID vaccination with economic policy uncertainty, oil, bonds, and sectoral equity markets: evidence from the US

Yousaf I, Qureshi S, Qureshi F, Gubareva M

Ann Oper Res, 2023 Mar 22.
PMID: 37361093 DOI: 10.1007/s10479-023-05267-9

We examine the connectedness of the COVID vaccination with the economic policy uncertainty, oil, bonds, and sectoral equity markets in the US within time and frequency domain. The wavelet-based findings show the positive impact of COVID vaccination on the oil and sector indices over various frequency scales and periods. The vaccination is evidenced to lead the oil and sectoral equity markets. More specifically, we document strong connectedness of vaccinations with communication services, financials, health care, industrials, information technology (IT) and real estate equity sectors. However, weak interactions exist within the vaccination-IT-services and vaccination-utilities pairs. Moreover, the effect of vaccination on the Treasury bond index is negative, whereas the economic policy uncertainty shows an interchanging lead and lag relation with vaccination. It is further observed that the interrelation between vaccination and the corporate bond index is insignificant. Overall, the impact of vaccination on the sectoral equity markets and economic policy uncertainty is higher than on oil and corporate bond prices. The study offers several important implications for investors, government regulators, and policymakers.
Fulltext Fresh evidence on connectedness between prominent markets during COVID-19 pandemic

Younis I, Hkiri B, Shah WU, Qureshi F, Ilyas M, Longsheng C

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2023 Feb;30(9):22430-22457.
PMID: 36287363 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23408-8

Various empirical studies have examined the nexus between financial markets, but this study focused on the comovement among prominent markets. Our study examines the interrelationship among main financial markets, i.e., stock, oil, and commodity during the recent pandemic. The interconnections among the selected markets are investigated using a battery of wavelet coherence tools and the Granger causality test. From the wavelet coherence analysis, our findings indicate strong co-movements among the VIX, oil volatility, and commodity prices during pandemic and localized in all scales and over the sample period. The dependency strength among the considered economies is noted to increase in pandemic, which implies increased short- and long-term benefits for the investors. Moreover, Our result exhibits a feedback causality between OVIX and crude oil, VIX and S&P 500, and gasoline and VIX. Interestingly, a unidirectional causality exists between VIX and crude oil, S&P 500 and crude oil, Brent and crude oil, gasoline, crude oil, and VIX and OVIX. We advocate that the findings will be helpful for portfolio managers, investors, and officials around the world.
Fulltext Structural elucidation, molecular docking, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition studies of 5-amino-nicotinic acid derivatives

Nawaz M, Taha M, Qureshi F, Ullah N, Selvaraj M, Shahzad S, et al.

BMC Chem, 2020 Dec;14(1):43.
PMID: 32685927 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-020-00695-1

In this study, 5-amino-nicotinic acid derivatives (1-13) have been designed and synthesized to evaluate their inhibitory potential against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. The synthesized compounds (1-13) exhibited promising α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities. IC50 values for α-amylase activity ranged between 12.17 ± 0.14 to 37.33 ± 0.02 µg/mL ± SEM while for α-glucosidase activity the IC50 values were ranged between 12.01 ± 0.09 to 38.01 ± 0.12 µg/mL ± SEM. In particular, compounds 2 and 4-8 demonstrated significant inhibitory activities against α-amylase and α-glucosidase and the inhibitory potential of these compounds was comparable to the standard acarbose (10.98 ± 0.03 and 10.79 ± 0.17 µg/mL ± SEM, respectively). In addition, the impact of substituent on the inhibitory potential of these compounds was assessed to establish structure activity relationships. Studies in molecular simulations were conducted to better comprehend the binding properties of the compounds. All the synthesized compounds were extensively characterized with modern spectroscopic methods including 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FTIR, HR-MS and elemental analysis.
Contemporary avenues of the Hydrogen industry: Opportunities and challenges in the eco-friendly approach

Qureshi F, Yusuf M, Ibrahim H, Kamyab H, Chelliapan S, Pham CQ, et al.

Environ Res, 2023 Jul 15;229:115963.
PMID: 37105287 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115963

Hydrogen (H2) is a possible energy transporter and feedstock for energy decarbonization, transportation, and chemical sectors while reducing global warming's consequences. The predominant commercial method for producing H2 today is steam methane reforming (SMR). However, there is still room for development in process intensification, energy optimization, and environmental concerns related to CO2 emissions. Reactors using metallic membranes (MRs) can handle both problems. Compared to traditional reactors, MRs operates at substantially lower pressures and temperatures. As a result, capital and operational costs may be significantly cheaper than traditional reactors. Furthermore, metallic membranes (MMs), particularly Pd and its alloys, naturally permit only H2 permeability, enabling the production of a stream with a purity of up to 99.999%. This review describes several methods for H2 production based on the energy sources utilized. SRM with CO2 capture and storage (CCUS), pyrolysis of methane, and water electrolysis are all investigated as process technologies. A debate based on a color code was also created to classify the purity of H2 generation. Although producing H2 using fossil fuels is presently the least expensive method, green H2 generation has the potential to become an affordable alternative in the future. From 2030 onward, green H2 is anticipated to be less costly than blue hydrogen. Green H2 is more expensive than fossil-based H2 since it uses more energy. Blue H2 has several tempting qualities, but the CCUS technology is pricey, and blue H2 contains carbon. At this time, almost 80-95% of CO2 can be stored and captured by the CCUS technology. Nanomaterials are becoming more significant in solving problems with H2 generation and storage. Sustainable nanoparticles, such as photocatalysts and bio-derived particles, have been emphasized for H2 synthesis. New directions in H2 synthesis and nanomaterials for H2 storage have also been discussed. Further, an overview of the H2 value chain is provided at the end, emphasizing the financial implications and outlook for 2050, i.e., carbon-free H2 and zero-emission H2.
Fulltext Does Tobacco Affect Economy?

Ahsan A, Handika R, Qureshi F, Martokoesoemo DRS, Hindriyani M, Amalia N, et al.

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2022 Jun 01;23(6):1873-1878.
PMID: 35763626 DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.6.1873

OBJECTIVE: The still debatable contribution of tobacco to the economy demands further discussion as tobacco remains controversial commodity due to its adverse health impacts. This paper aims to investigate the relationship between tobacco and the economy using macroeconomics indicators such as unemployment, inflation, and GDP growth. As a comparison, we include the tobacco price bands in USA because the sector is one of dominant affecting the economy and the price in some main areas in America is incredibly competitive.
METHODS: This paper use tobacco data and Macroeconomics Indicators from Euromonitor International and World Bank Data. We extend linear regression models by controlling both the serial correlation and endogeneity bias problems. We also observe the properties in the ARMA(2,2) data generating process.
RESULTS: We document that tobacco tends to affect the USA's future economy but not Indonesia. In our robustness check, we conduct a SUR analysis to control the contemporaneous correlations among Asian markets. We further document that tobacco variables tend not to affect the economy in the Asian markets.
CONCLUSION: Our results show that the contribution of tobacco commodity to the economy is overstated. Therefore, the comprehensive and massive tobacco control implementations should be undertaken hence is relevant to put into actions.
Synthesis, α-amylase inhibitory potential and molecular docking study of indole derivatives

Taha M, Baharudin MS, Ismail NH, Imran S, Khan MN, Rahim F, et al.

Bioorg Chem, 2018 10;80:36-42.
PMID: 29864686 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.05.021

In search of potent α-amylase inhibitor we have synthesized eighteen indole analogs (1-18), characterized by NMR and HR-EIMS and screened for α-amylase inhibitory activity. All analogs exhibited a variable degree of α-amylase inhibition with IC50 values ranging between 2.031 ± 0.11 and 2.633 ± 0.05 μM when compared with standard acarbose having IC50 values 1.927 ± 0.17 μM. All compounds showed good α-amylase inhibition. Compound 14 was found to be the most potent analog among the series. Structure-activity relationship has been established for all compounds mainly based on bringing about the difference of substituents on phenyl ring. To understand the binding interaction of the most active analogs molecular docking study was performed.
Synthesis of Bis-indolylmethane sulfonohydrazides derivatives as potent α-Glucosidase inhibitors

Gollapalli M, Taha M, Ullah H, Nawaz M, AlMuqarrabun LMR, Rahim F, et al.

Bioorg Chem, 2018 10;80:112-120.
PMID: 29894890 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.06.001

In search of better α-glucosidase inhibitors, a series of bis-indolylmethane sulfonohydrazides derivatives (1-14) were synthesized and evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory potential. All derivatives exhibited outstanding α-glucosidase inhibition with IC50 values ranging between 0.10 ± 0.05 to 5.1 ± 0.05 μM when compared with standard drug acarbose having IC50 value 856.28 ± 3.15 μM. Among the series, analog 7 (0.10 ± 0.05 μM) with tri-chloro substitution on phenyl ring was identified as the most potent inhibitor of α-glucosidase (∼ 8500 times). The structure activity relationship has been also established. Molecular docking studies were also performed to help understand the binding interaction of the most active analogs with receptors. From the docking studies, it was observed that all the active bis-indolylmethane sulfonohydrazides derivatives showed considerable binding interactions within the active site (acarbose inhibition site) of α-glucosidase. We also evaluated toxicity of all derivatives and found none of them are toxic.
Synthesis, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition and molecular docking studies of indazole derivatives

Nawaz M, Taha M, Qureshi F, Ullah N, Selvaraj M, Shahzad S, et al.

J Biomol Struct Dyn, 2022;40(21):10730-10740.
PMID: 34463216 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1947892

Herein, we report the synthesis and inhibitory potential of indazole (Methyl 1H-indazole-4-carboxylate) derivatives (1-13) against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. The described derivatives demonstrated good inhibitory potential with IC50 values, ranging between 15.04 ± 0.05 to 76.70 ± 0.06 µM ± SEM for α-amylase and 16.99 ± 0.19 to 77.97 ± 0.19 µM ± SEM for α-glucosidase, respectively. In particular, compounds (8-10 and 12) displayed significant inhibitory activities against both the screened enzymes, with their inhibitory potential comparable to the standard acarbose (12.98 ± 0.03 and 12.79 ± 0.17 µM ± SEM, respectively). Additionally, the influence of different substituents on enzyme inhibition activities was assessed to study the structure activity relationships. Molecular docking simulations were performed to rationalize the binding of derivatives/compounds with enzymes. All the synthesized derivatives (1-13) were characterized with the aid of spectroscopic instruments such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HR-MS, elemental analysis and FTIR.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
A sustainable approach for fluoride treatment using coconut fiber cellulose as an adsorbent

Hussain A, Maitra J, Saifi A, Ahmed S, Ahmed J, Shrestha NK, et al.

Environ Res, 2024 Mar 01;244:117952.
PMID: 38113992 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117952

In developing countries like India, an economically viable and ecologically approachable strategy is required to safeguard the drinking water. Excessive fluoride intake through drinking water can lead to dental fluorosis, skeletal fluorosis, or both. The present study has been under with an objective to investigate the feasibility of using cellulose derived from coconut fiber as an adsorbent under varying pH conditions for fluoride elimination from water. The assessment of equilibrium concentration of metal ions using adsorption isotherms is an integral part of the study. This present finding indicates the considerable effect of variation of adsorbent dosages on the fluoride removal efficiency under constant temperature conditions of 25 ± 2 °C with a contact period of 24 h. It is pertinent to mention that maximum adsorption of 88% has been observed with a pH value of 6 with 6 h time duration with fluoride dosage of 50 mg/L. The equilibrium concentration dwindled to 0.4 mg/L at fluoride concentration of 20 mg/L. The Langmuir model designates the adsorption capacity value of 2.15 mg/L with initial fluoride concentration of 0.21 mg/g with R2 value of 0.660. Similarly, the adsorption capacity using Freundlich isotherms is found to be 0.58 L/g and 0.59 L/g with fluoride concentration of 1.84 mg/L and 2.15 mg/L respectively. The results from the present study confirm that coconut fiber possesses appropriate sorption capabilities of fluoride ion but is a pH dependent phenomenon. The outcomes of the study indicate the possible use of cellulose extracted from waste coconut fiber as a low-cost fluoride adsorbent. The present study can be well implemented on real scale systems as it will be beneficial economically as well as environmentally.