The present study was conducted to evaluate the potential of green water meal (GWM) as an alternative dietary ingredient
for juvenile Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Five isoproteic and isolipidic diets were formulated with 0%
(GWM0, control diet), 10% (GWM10), 20% (GWM20), 30% (GWM30) and 40% (GWM40) of GWM replacing fishmeal protein
and fed five times daily to triplicate groups of shrimp with an average initial weight of 6.42±0.02 g. In general, growth
performance and feed utilization of shrimp fed with GWM10 did not show any significant differences with the control
diet. Survival rate was above 88% and not affected by the dietary treatments. The whole-body protein and lipid of the
shrimps decreased with the increasing GWM level in the diets. The shrimps fed with the GWM-based diets (GWM10, GWM20,
GWM30 and GWM40) presented more intense red/orange colour and contained higher total carotenoid concentration
compare with the control diet. The present findings suggested that GWM is an excellent source of carotenoid for shrimp
pigmentation and able to replace fishmeal protein at up to 10% replacement level.
This study was aimed at determining the optimum temperature for culturing the copepod, Euterpina acutifrons. The trial was conducted for 10 days in chambers at temperatures of 25⁰C, 27⁰C, 29⁰C and 31⁰C. Ten adult individuals of the copepod were randomly collected and placed into three replicate experimental flasks for each treatment. Throughout the trial, the salinity, light intensity, and photoperiod were maintained at 30 ±2psu, 100molm-2s-1 and 12:12 light-dark cycle, respectively. The copepods were fed with 80,000cell/ml Isochrysis sp. daily. At the end of the trial, the total numbers of E. acutifrons nauplii, copepodites and adults were determined and counted using Sedgwick-Rafter. The highest population was found at 27⁰C with mean total population of 800±100 individuals from an initial of 10 individuals. This was followed by those reared at 25⁰C and 29⁰C where the population counts were 700±100 individuals and 367±115 individuals, respectively. At the 31⁰C, all the copepod specimens were found dead on day 5th. Statistical analysis showed that the temperature had a significant effect (P