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  1. Fulltext Maternal diet and its association with human milk energy and macronutrient composition among exclusively breastfeeding Malaysian Malay mothers
    Siti Munirah Abdul Basir, Radiah Abdul Ghani, Muhammad Ibrahim, Khattak, Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan, Muhammad Nor Omar, Nor Azwani Mohd Shukri
    Malays J Nutr, 2019;25(3):309-320.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: This study aimed to determine the relationship of maternal dietary
    intake with human milk nutritional composition, among Malay mothers during the
    postpartum period of exclusive breastfeeding. Methods: Human milk samples (20-
    30ml) were collected from mothers (n=32) at least once monthly for six months
    postpartum. Macronutrients and fatty acids contents were determined using
    proximate analysis and gas chromatography methods, respectively. Maternal
    dietary intakes were recorded using the multiple-pass diet recall method prior
    to each milk sampling and were analysed using the Nutritionist ProTM software.
    Associations between the milk composition and maternal diet were tested using
    Spearman correlation. Results: The energy content ranged between 49.6-59.2
    kcal/100ml, protein 1.3-1.4 g/100ml, carbohydrate 6.5-9.7 g/100ml and total
    fat 6.5-9.7 g/100ml. The polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, and saturated fatty
    acids concentrations were 10.5-19.1 %, 40.6-43.5 %, and 38.0-49.7 %, respectively.
    During confinement (first month postpartum), total energy and total fat content of
    human milk were the highest whereas total carbohydrate was the lowest, compared
    to the rest of the exclusive breastfeeding period. In contrast, intakes of total calorie
    and total fat were the lowest, whereas protein was the highest during this period.
    However, no associations were detected between human milk nutritional contents
    and maternal dietary intake. Conclusion: In our study population, the composition
    of maternal diet and nutritional content of human milk differed between confinement
    and post-confinement periods. However, the association between maternal diet and
    human milk composition itself warrants further investigation.
  2. Fulltext Knowledge, awareness and dietary practice on urolithiasis among general population in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia: Preliminary findings
    Sowtali SN, Ariffin SRM, Nazli NS, Shukri NABM, Khattak MMAK, Ab Rashid IM, et al.
    J Public Health Res, 2021 Apr 14;10(2).
    PMID: 33855421 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2021.2238
    BACKGROUND: To date, no studies have been published at evaluating the level of knowledge, awareness and practice of dietary, particularly regarding to urolithiasis in patients or the general population. This study aims to provide basic information on the level of knowledge, awareness and dietary practice among general population in Kuantan, Pahang.

    DESIGN AND METHODS: The respondents (n=30) were conveniently recruited within 10 kilometres radius of Kuantan city. The data were obtained using semi-guided administered questionnaires, which consists of four parts: socio-demographic data, lifestyle and clinical history (Part A); attitude and awareness on dietary practice regarding urolithiasis (Part B); food frequency questionnaire on urolithiasis (Part C) and level of knowledge on urolithiasis (Part D).

    RESULTS: Majority of the respondents were women (70%), Malay (83.3%), mean age of 33.97 (±9.27), married (63.3%), completed higher education level (60%), working with government sector (33.3%) and have fixed monthly income (53.3%). Some of them had hypertension (n=4), diabetes (n=1), gout (n=1) and intestinal problem (n=1). Majority (80%) claimed having no family history of urolithiasis, consumed alcohol (10%), exercise with average frequency 2-3 times/week (46.7%) and heard about urolithiasis from healthcare worker (46.7%). The respondents' awareness about urolithiasis is considered to be good [81.23 (±9.98)] but having poor knowledge score [2.70 (±1.149)]. Majority preferred wholemeal bread, white rice, chicken meat, mackerel fish, chicken egg, apple, carrot, mustard leave and fresh milk in daily intake. Lesser plain water intake than standard requirement was noticed among respondents. Seasoning powder was commonly used for seasoning.

    CONCLUSIONS: Generally, the general population of Kuantan, Pahang was aware of urolithiasis disease but needed more information on dietary aspect in terms of knowledge and food choice.

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