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Fulltext Reproductive health knowledge of premarital pregnant adolescent in rehabilitation centers in Malaysia

Mohd Yusof Sidek, Safiya Amaran, Kamarul Imran Musa

Asian Journal of Medicine and Biomedicine, 2019;3(1):1-8.
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The prevalence of premarital pregnancy among adolescents in Malaysia is alarmingly on the rise. In finding ways to curb this, it is important toexplore on their reproductive health knowledge. Although knowledge alone will not influence adolescent’s behaviour, it is one of the most important factors that affect their reproductive health. The study aimed to assess the reproductive health knowledge of premarital pregnant adolescents in adolescent rehabilitation centres in Malaysia and the associated factors. A cross-sectional study involving premarital pregnant adolescents staying in adolescent rehabilitation centres in three states (Kelantan, Johor and Penang) was conducted for one month. Thirty-three eligible adolescents participated through a self-administered validated questionnaire which assessed their knowledge on reproductive organs, sexual activity and pregnancy, contraception and complications of sexual activity.Majority of participants scored well in terms of correct responses in reproductive organs, sexual activity and pregnancy as well as complications of sexual activity. However, they obtained the least correct responses in contraception as evidenced by these responses: having a hot shower after sexual intercourse prevents pregnancy (30.3%) and vaginal washing after sexual intercourse prevents pregnancy (33.3%). Their main source of information on reproductive health was from mass media (72.7%), and eighty two percent participants were not willing to discuss about sex with their parents. A multiple linear regression analysis showed that the mean knowledge score was significantly influenced by four factors namely age at first coitus, history of rape, age of partner at first coitus of the girl and watching pornography. The premarital pregnant adolescents have good knowledge on reproductive health except on pregnancy prevention. The information taken from mass media has failed to equip them with the correct knowledge on contraception. This warrants the need to adjust the current reproductive health education to be more children-and adolescent-friendly so it can be the point of reference in the future
Fulltext Validation of the Malay version of auditory verbal learning test (MVAVLT) among schizophrenia patients in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Malaysia

Zahiruddin Othman, Muhammad Najib Muhammad Alwi, Kamarul Imran Musa, Muhammad Najib Muhammad Alwi, Ruzita Jamaluddin

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2009;10(1):54-74.
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Objective: Many studies have emphasized the significance of verbal memory for the functional outcome in schizophrenia. A preserved capability to encode and recall verbal information is essential for the long-term efficacy of psychoeducational programs and other
psychological intervention to ensure the successful transfer of newly acquired skills or knowledge into everyday life. Aims of this study aimed to validate the MVALT among schizophrenia patients in HUSM. Methods: The subjects were 15 schizophrenia patients
conveniently selected from the patients that attended follow up at the psychiatry clinic in HUSM or inpatients who have been admitted during the study period and 15 healthy control subjects as a comparison. Reliability and validity of the MVAVLT were analyzed. Results: The validation study showed that the Malay version Auditory Verbal Learning Test (MVAVLT) had a good validity (factor analysis 0.66 to 0.98) and test-retest reliability (pearson correlation ranged from 0.24 to 0.84) and has been shown to be sensitive in
discriminating between normal and schizophrenia patients. In line with the previous research, the schizophrenia patients performed significantly worse than healthy control in all indexes measured in MVAVLT. Conclusion: The screening of deficits in verbal learning
and memory among the schizophrenia patients is important, for early detection and treatment since it can be helpful for clinicians and psychologists in their counseling sessions. Subsequently, it helps patients to reduce such cognitive difficulties and their impact by using specific rehabilitation with the usage of newer antipsychotic agents.
Fulltext Clinical characteristic and blood pressure management in acute stroke patients

Normalinda Yaacob, Kamarul Aryffin Baharuddin, Kamarul Imran Musa, Zainal Effendy Zainal Abidin, Mohd Idzwan Zakaria

Malaysian Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2016;1(1):1-10.
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Introduction:Clinical characteristics to differentiate stroke subtype may be helpful to make sound decisionin managing blood pressure in clinically stroke patients. This is more important while en route patient to tertiary centre forneuroimaging facility and neurosciences services. The objective of this study is to determine the distinction between ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke based on the clinical characteristics. Time of presentation was also calculated to determine the feasibility of thrombolytic therapy among stroke patients in Malaysia.
Methods:A cross-sectional observational study of all stroke patients presented to Hospital Kuala Lumpur from January 2005 to May 2005. All patients were subjected to brain CT. Clinical characteristics –age, gender, loss of consciousness (LOC), headache, vomiting, Glasgow coma scale (GCS), systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure –were assessed. Time of presentation was also determined. Multiple logistic regression analyses with the stroke types as the outcome (ischaemic=1 vs haemorrhagic stroke=0) were performed.
Results:A total of 143 patients (88 male and 55 female) were included. The mean age for haemorrhagic stroke was 51.1 (± 14.9) years oldand mean age for ischaemic stroke was 56.8 (± 9.7) years old.Our logistic model shows five clinical characteristics were associated with types of stroke–age, GCS, sex, headache and LOC. Male (adj. OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.05-0.59), headache (adj.OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.06-0.47), LOC (adj.OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.06-0.66), age in years (adj OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01-1.11) and GCS (adj.OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.14-1.82)wereall significant (p-value < 0.05) in our model. Only 4.9% patients presented less than 3 hours and most of them (64.3%) presented more than 6 hours.
Conclusion:Male patients, having LOCandheadache were the clinical characteristics predictive of lower chance of having ischaemic stroke. But, increasing age and higher GCS were more likely to associate with ischaemic stroke. BP in clinically stroke patients that have higher odds for haemorrhagic stroke should be lowered with a target of SBP ≥ 140mmHg. There was significant delayed of presentation for stroke patients. Many factors need to be improved to reduce the time of presentation in the future.
Prognostic factors and survival rate of osteosarcoma: A single-institution study

Faisham WI, Mat Saad AZ, Alsaigh LN, Nor Azman MZ, Kamarul Imran M, Biswal BM, et al.

Asia Pac J Clin Oncol, 2017 Apr;13(2):e104-e110.
PMID: 25870979 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12346

AIM: Osteosarcoma is a highly malignant primary bone tumor. The study aim to evaluate the prognostic factors influencing the survival rate in our center.
METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of all patients treated between January 2005 and December 2010.
RESULTS: We included 163 patients with an age range of 6-59 years (median = 19). The median follow-up was 47 months (range 36-84). The overall survival in patients who completed chemotherapy and surgery (n = 117) was 72% at 2 years and 44% at 5 years. Histologically, 99 (85%) had osteoblastic, 6 (5%) had chondroblastic and 3 (2.5%) had telangiectatic osteosarcoma. Limb salvage surgery was performed in 80 (49%) and 41 (25%) underwent amputation. However, 46 patients (28%) underwent no surgical intervention and incomplete chemotherapy. In total, 38/79 patients had a good chemotherapy response. There was a significantly better survival rate for limb salvage versus amputation. Independent prognostic factors for survival are compliance to treatment and presence of lung metastasis.
CONCLUSION: The overall survival of osteosarcoma patients was influenced by the presence of pulmonary metastases and compliance to treatment. Histological subtype, different chemotherapy regimens and histological necrosis after chemotherapy did not significantly influence survival. The patients who did not complete treatment had significantly poorer survival.