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Fulltext Test-Retest Reliability of Level-Specific CE-Chirp Auditory Brainstem Response in Normal-Hearing Adults

Jamal FN, Arafat Dzulkarnain AA, Shahrudin FA, Marzuki MN

J Audiol Otol, 2021 Jan;25(1):14-21.
PMID: 32575950 DOI: 10.7874/jao.2020.00073

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There is growing interest in the use of the Level-specific (LS) CE-Chirp® stimulus in auditory brainstem response (ABR) due to its ability to produce prominent ABR waves with robust amplitudes. There are no known studies that investigate the test-retest reliability of the ABR to the LS CE-Chirp® stimulus. The present study aims to investigate the test-retest reliability of the ABR to the LS CE-Chirp® stimulus and compare its reliability with the ABR to standard click stimulus at multiple intensity levels in normal-hearing adults.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Eleven normal-hearing adults participated. The ABR test was repeated twice in the same clinical session and conducted again in another session. The ABR was acquired using both the click and LS CE-Chirp® stimuli at 4 presentation levels (80, 60, 40, and 20 dBnHL). Only the right ear was tested using the ipsilateral electrode montage. The reliability of the ABR findings (amplitudes and latencies) to the click and LS CE-Chirp® stimuli within the same clinical session and between the two clinical sessions was calculated using an intra-class correlation coefficient analysis (ICC).
RESULTS: The results showed a significant correlation of the ABR findings (amplitude and latencies) to both stimuli within the same session and between the clinical sessions. The ICC values ranged from moderate to excellent.
CONCLUSIONS: The ABR results from both the LS CE-Chirp® and click stimuli were consistent and reliable over the two clinical sessions suggesting that both stimuli can be used for neurological diagnoses with the same reliability.
Translation, validation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Malay emotion regulation checklist (ERC-M): A preliminary study

Jamal FN, Dzulkarnain AAA, Shahrudin FA, Musa R, Sidek SN, Yusof HM, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2021 09;76(5):680-684.
PMID: 34508374

INTRODUCTION: Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC) has been used globally and translated to several languages, including Brazilian Portuguese, Italian and Persian. The aim of this study is to translate and validate ERC to the Malay language and to measure the reliability and validity of the translated version of this scale among Malaysian parents.
METHODS: This study involved forward and back translation method. The translated questionnaire was then pretested and piloted among 10 parents and 50 participants, respectively. The procedure was repeated using the same questionnaire to evaluate the test-retest reliability.
RESULTS: The ERC-Malay (ERC-M) has excellent qualitative and quantitative measurements in both item-level content validation index (I-CVI) and scale-level content validation index (S-CVI). In addition, the ERC-M demonstrated good internal consistency from Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability based on the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) in all domains.
CONCLUSION: ERC-M can potentially be used as a tool to evaluate emotion for the population with emotional dysregulation issue, such as autism spectrum disorder.
Fulltext Influence of Stimulus Polarity on the Auditory Brainstem Response From Level-Specific Chirp

Dzulkarnain AAA, Salamat S, Shahrudin FA, Jamal FN, Zakaria MN

J Audiol Otol, 2021 Oct;25(4):199-208.
PMID: 34425654 DOI: 10.7874/jao.2021.00248

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: No known studies have investigated the influence of stimulus polarity on the Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) elicited from level-specific (LS) chirp. This study is important as it provides a better understanding of the stimulus polarity selection for ABR elicited from LS chirp stimulus. We explored the influence of stimulus polarity on the ABR from LS chirp compared to the ABR from click at 80 dBnHL in normal-hearing adults.
SUBJECTS AND PURPOSE: Nineteen adults with normal hearing participated. The ABRs were acquired using click and LS chirp stimuli using three stimulus polarities (rarefaction, condensation, and alternating) at 80 dBnHL. The ABRs were tested only on the right ear at a stimulus rate of 33.33 Hz. The ABR test was stopped when the recording reached the residual noise level of 0.04 µV. The ABRs amplitudes, absolute latencies, inter-peak latencies (IPLs), and the recorded number of averages were statistically compared among ABRs at different stimulus polarities and stimuli combinations.
RESULTS: Rarefaction polarity had the largest ABR amplitudes and SNRs compared with other stimulus polarities in both stimuli. There were marginal differences in the absolute latencies and IPLs among stimulus polarities. No significant difference in the number of averages required to reach the stopping criteria was found.
CONCLUSIONS: Stimulus polarities have a significant influence on the ABR to LS chirp. Rarefaction polarity is recommended for clinical use because of its larger ABR peak I, III, and V amplitudes than those of the other stimulus polarities.
Effects of Stimulus Repetition Rates on the Auditory Brainstem Response to Level-Specific CE-Chirp in Normal-Hearing Adults

Dzulkarnain AAA, Shahrudin FA, Jamal FN, Marzuki MN, Mazlan MNS

Am J Audiol, 2020 Dec 09;29(4):838-850.
PMID: 32966099 DOI: 10.1044/2020_AJA-20-00049

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of stimulus repetition rates on the auditory brainstem response (ABR) to Level-Specific (LS) CE-Chirp and click stimuli at multiple intensity levels in normal-hearing adults. Method A repeated-measure study design was used on 13 normal-hearing adults. ABRs were acquired from the study participants using LS CE-Chirp and click stimuli at four stimulus repetition rates (19.1, 33.3, 61.1, and 81.1 Hz) and four intensity levels (80, 60, 40, and 20 dB nHL). The ABR test was stopped at 40-nV residual noise level. Results High-stimulus repetition rates caused the ABR latencies to be longer and have reduced amplitudes in both ABR to LS CE-Chirp and click stimuli. The ABR to LS CE-Chirp Wave I, III, and V amplitudes were larger than ABR to click in almost all the stimulus repetition rates. However, there were no differences in the number of averages required to reach the stopping criterion between ABR to LS CE-Chirp and click stimulus, and between high-stimulus repetition rates and low-stimulus repetition rates. Conclusion The LS CE-Chirp at standard low-stimulus repetition rates can be used to elicit ABR for both neurodiagnostic and threshold seeking procedure.