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Fulltext Mechanical thrombectomy as an alternative reperfusion therapy in acute ischaemic stroke associated with recent late presentation of st elevation myocardial infarction

Hashim, E., Samshiyah, A.S., Nik Azuan, N.I.

Medicine & Health, 2018;13(1):215-219.
MyJurnal

Concomitant recent myocardial infarction (MI) in patients presenting with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) is considered a relative contraindication for thrombolysis. Mechanical thrombectomy is recognised as an alternative recanalisation therapy to avoid risk of haemorrrhagic complications. We report a 77-year-old patient who previously had recent admission for late presentation ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and currently presented with right-sided hemiplegia, dysphasia and reduced level of consciousness at 30 minutes from the onset. An urgent cerebral angiography showed total occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA). Successful mechanical thrombectomy was performed instead of administration of intravenous (IV) thrombolysis with excellent neurological recovery. This case report highlights the importance of patient transfer to a more comprehensive stroke center in the management strategies of the AIS.
Fulltext Fatal pulmonary haemorrhage in co-infection with dengue and leptospirosis

Zyneelia. H, Hashim E

Medicine & Health, 2017;12(1):131-137.
MyJurnal

Leptospirosis is an emerging infectious disease with worldwide distribution. Its symptoms may mimic a number of other infections such as dengue, malaria, hepatitis and typhoid fever, particularly in tropical countries where these diseases are endemic. Similarly, dengue is an important infectious disease that poses as a public health emergency due to its rapid epidemic spread across the world. Here, we report a fatal case of dengue fever in a patient who was also serologically positive for leptospirosis. Co-infection of both dengue and leptospirosis can lead to an illness with overlapping symptoms and therefore present a clinical diagnostic dilemma to the treating physician. Hence, a high index of suspicion among clinicians is required, especially in high endemic areas. The optimal usage of antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests is essential to aid the clinicians to make timely and accurate diagnosis as well as to start appropriate treatment regimes.
Keywords: co-infection, communicable diseases, dengue, leptospirosis
Fulltext Psychometric properties of the Malay translated Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory in exploring parental anxiety

Hashim, E., Wan Hasyila, W.O., Ang, Y.H., Azlan Helmy, A.S., Husyairi, H.

Medicine & Health, 2018;13(1):106-116.
MyJurnal

The aim of the study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Malay translated State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for use in exploring the burden of anxiety amongst parents of a child visited hospital for medical treatment. The instrument was administered to 53 parents of children seen in the Emergency Department and 52 parents in the outpatient Physiotherapy Unit. Internal consistency reliability (α) for state anxiety and trait anxiety subscale was high with values of 0.94 and 0.84, respectively. Test-retest reliability demonstrated wide range of scores with only 25 items showed significant intra-class correlation
coefficients, ICC (range 0.60 – 0.94, 95% CI, p<0.05) after 4-weeks retest. Performances of matrix following a factor analysis were consistent with 4-factors
structure of original STAI. A few items did not perform as expected but did not impair the overall performance. This Malay translated version is a valid and reliable measure of anxiety for parents with children visiting hospital for medical treatment, with caution in the interpretation of some items.
Keywords: anxiety, factor analysis, psychometrics, reliability
Study site: Emergency department, outpatient physiotherapy unit, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Fulltext Comparative study of understorey birds diversity inhabiting lowland rainforest virgin jungle reserve and regenerated forest

Nor Hashim E, Ramli R

ScientificWorldJournal, 2013;2013:676507.
PMID: 24453888 DOI: 10.1155/2013/676507

A comparative study of understorey birds inhabiting different habitats, that is, virgin jungle reserve (VJR) and regenerated forest (RF), was conducted in Ulu Gombak Forest Reserve and Selangor and Triang Forest Reserve, Negeri Sembilan, Peninsular Malaysia. The objective of this study was to assess the diversity of understorey birds in both habitats and the effects of forest regeneration on the understorey bird community. The mist-netting method was used to capture understorey birds inhabiting both habitats in both locations. Species composition and feeding guild indicated that understorey bird populations were similar in the two habitats. However, the number of secondary forest species such as Little spiderhunter (Arachnothera longirostra) in VJR is increasing due to its proximity to RF. This study discovered that RFs in both study areas are not yet fully recovered. However, based on the range of species discovered, the RFs have conservation value and should be maintained because they harbour important forest species such as babblers and flycatchers. The assessment of the community structure of understorey birds in VJR and RF is important for forest management and conservation, especially where both habitats are intact.
Pipelle Endometrial Sampling With a Full Bladder Compared With Standard Care: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Hashim E, Hong J, Woo YL, Hamdan M, Tan PC

Obstet Gynecol, 2024 Jul 01;144(1):53-59.
PMID: 38703361 DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000005597

OBJECTIVE: To compare insertion failure rates for Pipelle endometrial sampling with a full bladder compared with the standard process (not taking into account bladder status) without cervical manipulation.
METHODS: A single-masked randomized trial was conducted in a single tertiary care center from July 2021 to January 2022. Two hundred fourteen participants aged 18 years or older who were scheduled for outpatient Pipelle endometrial sampling were randomized: 107 each to having a full bladder (by oral water intake) or standard process (without delayed sampling and bladder status not taken into account). Women with known cervical stenosis, gynecologic malignancy, uterine anomalies, leiomyoma distorting the uterine cavity, acute cervicitis, urge bladder dysfunction, intense anxiety, need for anesthesia or analgesic before the procedure, positive pregnancy test, or previous failed office endometrial sampling were excluded. The primary outcome was the insertion failure rate of endometrial sampling at first attempt. Secondary outcomes were pain during procedure, satisfaction score, analgesia use, procedure duration, and need for cervical manipulation. Factoring in a baseline insertion failure rate of 30.0%, relative risk of 0.45, α of 0.05, 80.0% power, and a dropout rate of 10.0%, we needed 107 participants in each arm.
RESULTS: The insertion failure rate was significantly lower in the full bladder group compared with standard process: 25 of 107 (23.4%) compared with 45 of 107 (42.1%) (relative risk 0.56, 95% CI, 0.37-0.84; number needed to treat to benefit 6.0, 95% CI, 3.20-15.70). Pain score (median) during the procedure (interquartile range) was 4 (3-6) compared with 5 (3-8) ( P =.004); patient satisfaction score was 8 (7-9) compared with 7 (4-8) ( P
Fulltext Epitope-Based Peptide Vaccine against Glycoprotein G of Nipah Henipavirus Using Immunoinformatics Approaches

Mohammed AA, Shantier SW, Mustafa MI, Osman HK, Elmansi HE, Osman IA, et al.

J Immunol Res, 2020;2020:2567957.
PMID: 32377531 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2567957

Background: Nipah belongs to the genus Henipavirus and the Paramyxoviridae family. It is an endemic most commonly found at South Asia and has first emerged in Malaysia in 1998. Bats are found to be the main reservoir for this virus, causing disease in both humans and animals. The last outbreak has occurred in May 2018 in Kerala. It is characterized by high pathogenicity and fatality rates which varies from 40% to 70% depending on the severity of the disease and on the availability of adequate healthcare facilities. Currently, there are no antiviral drugs available for NiV disease and the treatment is just supportive. Clinical presentations for this virus range from asymptomatic infection to fatal encephalitis.
Objective: This study is aimed at predicting an effective epitope-based vaccine against glycoprotein G of Nipah henipavirus, using immunoinformatics approaches.
Methods and Materials: Glycoprotein G of the Nipah virus sequence was retrieved from NCBI. Different prediction tools were used to analyze the epitopes, namely, BepiPred-2.0: Sequential B Cell Epitope Predictor for B cell and T cell MHC classes II and I. Then, the proposed peptides were docked using Autodock 4.0 software program. Results and Conclusions. The two peptides TVYHCSAVY and FLIDRINWI have showed a very strong binding affinity to MHC class I and MHC class II alleles. Furthermore, considering the conservancy, the affinity, and the population coverage, the peptide FLIDRINWIT is highly suitable to be utilized to formulate a new vaccine against glycoprotein G of Nipah henipavirus. An in vivo study for the proposed peptides is also highly recommended.